本文選題：PTFE中空纖維膜　切入點(diǎn)：超聲　出處：《西南石油大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：曝氣是實(shí)現(xiàn)臭氧在水中高效傳遞的關(guān)鍵,在整個(gè)曝氣過程中臭氧的氣液傳質(zhì)是以氣泡為媒介發(fā)生的,因此氣泡尺寸與氣液傳質(zhì)過程有著密不可分的聯(lián)系。論文采用具有微孔結(jié)構(gòu)的聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)中空纖維膜對(duì)臭氧進(jìn)行曝氣,分別從氣泡粒徑分布和表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)兩方面對(duì)臭氧的氣液傳質(zhì)過程進(jìn)行了研究,且在原有體系中引入超聲進(jìn)行了強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì)研究,探討了兩種體系所對(duì)應(yīng)的強(qiáng)化傳質(zhì)機(jī)制,并對(duì)模擬印染廢水的處理效果進(jìn)行考察。論文基于圖像法對(duì)PTFE中空纖維膜曝氣制造的氣泡粒徑分布進(jìn)行了研究,結(jié)果表明:在進(jìn)氣流量為100L/h～500L/h的條件下,PTFE中空纖維膜所制造的氣泡平均粒徑在36.4μm到51.8μm之間;PTFE中空纖維膜的膜孔徑不斷增大時(shí),形成的氣泡粒徑顯著增加;氣泡的尺寸與膜的親疏水性有關(guān),親水性膜的平均氣泡粒徑小于疏水性膜;PTFE中空纖維膜所制造氣泡尺寸小于微孔曝氣;液相流體表面張力減小、黏度增加、礦化度增加,均會(huì)使氣泡平均粒徑減小,小氣泡所占比例增加,這主要是由于水質(zhì)特性的改變主要影響了氣泡間的聚并作用。在PTFE中空纖維膜單獨(dú)臭氧曝氣效果的研究中得知:當(dāng)進(jìn)氣流量為300L/h時(shí),臭氧在水中的溶解濃度最高,且KLa值最高為0.438min-1;隨著溫度的升高,臭氧在水中的傳質(zhì)效果變差,其KLa值較常溫操作降低了一倍。隨著膜孔徑的不斷增大,臭氧在水中的濃度及表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)均隨之下降;疏水性PTFE中空纖維膜的曝氣效果優(yōu)于親水性PTFE中空纖維膜;PTFE中空纖維膜曝氣的臭氧傳質(zhì)效率明顯高于微孔曝氣,膜曝氣所產(chǎn)生的表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)約為后者的2.2倍。PTFE中空纖維膜強(qiáng)化臭氧的氣液傳質(zhì)作用是通過壓力的提升來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。此外,論文將超聲作為一大強(qiáng)化手段引入臭氧體系,結(jié)果表明:當(dāng)臭氧與超聲聯(lián)合時(shí),液相飽和臭氧濃度相比于單獨(dú)臭氧提高了 34.7%～54.4%;當(dāng)臭氧和超聲聯(lián)合作用時(shí),表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)相比于單獨(dú)臭氧提高了約38%左右。操作溫度的提高不利于臭氧在水中的氣液傳質(zhì),與常溫操作條件相比,液相臭氧飽和濃度與表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)均隨溫度的降低幅度最高分別可達(dá)68%和71%。超聲功率為1000W時(shí),臭氧在水中的氣液傳質(zhì)效果最佳,與單獨(dú)臭氧處理方式相比,液相臭氧飽和濃度與表觀傳質(zhì)系數(shù)分別提高了 58.6%和30.7%。模擬印染廢水的處理研究得知,超聲手段引入臭氧體系中廢水脫色率可以快速達(dá)到100%,又可以節(jié)省50%的臭氧投加量;超聲/臭氧聯(lián)合體系和單獨(dú)臭氧的脫色反應(yīng)速率常數(shù)k分別為0.372min-1和0.253 min-1;在對(duì)模擬印染廢水的降解中,超聲引入臭氧反應(yīng)體系可以強(qiáng)化臭氧的氧化能力和提高廢水的降解速率。
[Abstract]:Aeration is the key to the efficient transfer of ozone in water. In the whole aeration process, the gas-liquid mass transfer of ozone takes place in the medium of bubble. Therefore, the bubble size is closely related to the gas-liquid mass transfer process. In this paper, the porous PTFE hollow fiber membrane is used to aerate ozone. The gas-liquid mass transfer process of ozone was studied from the aspects of bubble particle size distribution and apparent mass transfer coefficient, and the enhanced mass transfer mechanism of the two systems was studied by introducing ultrasound into the original system. The effect of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater treatment was investigated. The bubble size distribution of PTFE hollow fiber membrane aeration was studied based on image method. The results show that when the average diameter of the bubble produced by PTFE hollow fiber membrane is between 36.4 渭 m and 51.8 渭 m, the pore size of PTFE hollow fiber membrane increases obviously when the inlet flow rate is 100L / h and 500L / h. The size of the bubble is related to the hydrophobicity of the membrane, the average bubble diameter of the hydrophilic membrane is smaller than that of the hydrophobic membrane PTFE hollow fiber membrane, the bubble size is smaller than that of the microporous aeration, the surface tension of liquid phase decreases, the viscosity increases, and the salinity increases. Will decrease the average diameter of bubble and increase the proportion of small bubble. This is mainly due to the change of water quality characteristics which mainly affect the coalescence between bubbles. In the study of the ozone aeration effect of PTFE hollow fiber membrane alone, it is known that when the inlet flow rate is 300L / h, the dissolved concentration of ozone in water is the highest, and the concentration of ozone in water is the highest when the flow rate is 300L / h. With the increase of temperature, the mass transfer effect of ozone in water becomes worse, and the KLa value of ozone decreases twice as compared with normal temperature operation. With the increase of membrane pore size, the concentration and apparent mass transfer coefficient of ozone in water decrease. The aeration efficiency of hydrophobic PTFE hollow fiber membrane is better than that of hydrophilic PTFE hollow fiber membrane. The apparent mass transfer coefficient produced by membrane aeration is about 2.2 times that of the latter. The gas-liquid mass transfer of ozone enhanced by PTFE hollow fiber membrane is realized by increasing the pressure. The results show that when ozone is combined with ultrasound, the concentration of saturated ozone in liquid phase increases by 34.7% compared with that of ozone alone, and when combined with ozone and ultrasound, the concentration of saturated ozone in liquid phase increases by 34.7%. The apparent mass transfer coefficient is about 38% higher than that of ozone alone. The increase of operating temperature is not conducive to the gas-liquid mass transfer of ozone in water. The maximum decreases of liquid ozone saturation concentration and apparent mass transfer coefficient with temperature are as high as 68% and 71 respectively. When ultrasonic power is 1000W, the gas-liquid mass transfer effect of ozone in water is the best, compared with that of ozone treatment alone. The saturated concentration of liquid ozone and apparent mass transfer coefficient increased by 58.6% and 30.7 respectively. The treatment of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater showed that the decolorization rate of wastewater introduced into ozone system by ultrasonic method could be up to 100 quickly, and the ozone dosage of 50% could be saved. The decolorization rate constants k of ultrasonic / ozone combined system and single ozone system were 0.372min-1 and 0.253min-1, respectively. In the degradation of simulated printing and dyeing wastewater, the ability of ozone oxidation and the degradation rate of wastewater could be enhanced by introducing ozone reaction system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南石油大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X703

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