本文選題：厭氧氨氧化　切入點：反硝化　出處：《蘇州科技大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：厭氧氨氧化反硝化協(xié)同脫氮除碳不僅能夠提高厭氧氨氧化工藝對TN的去除效果,同時能夠去除廢水中的有機物,為實際低C/N比廢水的處理提供了新思路。但反硝化菌與厭氧氨氧化菌之間各自最適的環(huán)境條件存在差異,在反應(yīng)器同一區(qū)域難以較好的利用兩者的協(xié)同作用。ABR反應(yīng)器具有獨特的生物相分離功能,能為反硝化菌和厭氧氨氧化菌造就各自適宜的生存環(huán)境,從而在不同隔室形成以反硝化和厭氧氨氧化為主導(dǎo)的反應(yīng)區(qū),減弱有機物對厭氧氨氧化菌的抑制。本文主要對ABR厭氧氨氧化反硝化協(xié)同脫氮除碳條件、協(xié)同體系受抑情況下效能恢復(fù)及其微生物特性以及協(xié)同體系對基質(zhì)的耐受性能進行了研究�？疾炝诉M水COD濃度對ABR厭氧氨氧化反硝化協(xié)同脫氮除碳的影響;進水NO_2~--N和NH_4~+-N濃度組成對協(xié)同體系效能恢復(fù)影響,同時采用高通量測序分析了該階段最優(yōu)和初始協(xié)同脫氮除碳工況下的污泥樣品;而后在此基礎(chǔ)上繼續(xù)考察了進水基質(zhì)濃度對協(xié)同體系脫氮除碳效能影響,并且通過基質(zhì)動力學(xué)考察了協(xié)同體系對基質(zhì)的理論耐受程度。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)為明確厭氧氨氧化和反硝化協(xié)同脫氮除碳過程,采用ABR反應(yīng)器控制進水氨氮和亞硝酸鹽氮分別為75 mg·L~(-1)、110 mg·L~(-1),研究在不同進水COD濃度下脫氮除碳效果。結(jié)果表明,低濃度COD(㩳120 mg·L~(-1))TN和COD去除率分別在98%和79%以上,但在進水COD為180 mg·L~(-1)條件下,異養(yǎng)反硝化作用增強使得COD去除率可達到92%,Anammox受到限制致使總氮去除率降至70%。進水COD濃度的越高,厭氧氨氧化脫氮貢獻率逐漸降低,而反硝化脫氮的貢獻率持續(xù)增加。(2)為解決進水COD為180 mg·L~(-1)條件下協(xié)同體系脫氮效果不佳的問題,控制進水COD為180 mg·L~(-1)并且進水NO_2~--N和NH_4~+-N總量不變,逐漸增加NO_2~--N濃度并相應(yīng)減少NH_4~+-N濃度,結(jié)果表明反硝化對TN貢獻率先減少后增加,Anammox途徑則先增加后減少�；赥N貢獻率及TN去除量考慮,當進水基質(zhì)濃度NO_2~--N、NH_4~+-N分別為140 mg·L~(-1)、40 mg·L~(-1)(階段Ⅳ),反應(yīng)器脫氮除碳效率最佳。并且反應(yīng)器對NH_4~+-N、NO_2~--N、COD、TN去除率分別為99.7%、99.9%、99.7%、99.2%,此時反硝化對TN貢獻率為63.1%,Anammox途徑對TN貢獻率為36.1%。進水中的COD由反硝化過程去除。為明確反應(yīng)器水質(zhì)處理效果與微生物之間的關(guān)系,對最優(yōu)工況(階段Ⅳ)和初始工況(階段Ⅰ)下的生物泥樣進行高通量測序,結(jié)果表明,ABR反應(yīng)器脫氮微生物菌群較為豐富,其中變形菌門和浮霉菌門是涉及反硝化脫氮和厭氧氨氧化脫氮的兩大菌門,變形菌門主要分布在ABR隔室1和隔室5,浮霉菌門主要分布在ABR的中間隔室(2、3、4);最優(yōu)工況較之初始工況,變形菌門豐度低(9.46%~22%、22.81%~59.76%),浮霉菌門豐度高(6.59%~14.86%、2.63~3.49%);變形菌門主要包括Hyphomicrobium、Methyloversatilis、Denitratisoma、Limnobacter等屬,占主導(dǎo)地位,而浮霉菌門次之,主要有Candidatus Brocadia、Candidatus Kuenenia屬。同時,Chao、ACE、Shannon、Simpson等指數(shù)均表明最佳工況下ABR反應(yīng)器B區(qū)微生物物種復(fù)雜程度低,富集程度高,說明某種物種逐漸富集,這與水質(zhì)處理效果相一致。(3)為明確協(xié)同體系對基質(zhì)的耐受性,在前期研究結(jié)果基礎(chǔ)上控制進水基質(zhì)在固定比例基礎(chǔ)上增加進水濃度。結(jié)果表明,當進水基質(zhì)濃度(COD、NO_2~--N、NH_4~+-N)(420、270、110)mg·L~(-1),反應(yīng)器脫氮除碳效果良好,穩(wěn)定運行時COD、NO_2~--N、NH_4~+-N去除率分別為93%、94.4%、93.2%以上,TN去除率為93%以上。隨進水基質(zhì)濃度提高,厭氧氨氧化途徑對TN貢獻率降低(43.08%、39.02%),反硝化脫氮貢獻率增加(53.81%、57.14%)。然而當進水基質(zhì)濃度為(420、270、110)mg·L~(-1)時,協(xié)同體系對NH_4~+-N去除效果較差。厭氧氨氧化對TN貢獻率驟降(16.49%),反硝化對TN貢獻率大幅提升至(82.07%)。此時,ABR反應(yīng)器B區(qū)FA對Anammox菌產(chǎn)生抑制。通過動力學(xué)模型擬合發(fā)現(xiàn)Stover-Kincannon模型(R~2=0.937,TN;R~2=0.975,COD)較一級基質(zhì)去除模型(R~2=0.314,TN;R~2=0.016,COD)更適合評價反應(yīng)器對基質(zhì)濃度的承受能力。Stover-Kincannon模型獲得反應(yīng)器對TN和COD去除的最大基質(zhì)利用率分別為1.43 g·L~(-1)·d~(-1)和3.33 g·L~(-1)·d~(-1),飽和常數(shù)分別為1.2和3.79,相對于當前進水基質(zhì),協(xié)同體系理論上還有繼續(xù)提升基質(zhì)負荷的空間。
[Abstract]:The anammox denitrification nitrogen and carbon removal can not only improve the TN removal efficiency of anaerobic ammonia oxidation process, and organic substances in the wastewater is low, the actual C/N provides a new way than wastewater treatment. But there are differences between denitrification and anammox and their optimum environmental conditions in the reactor the same area to better use of the synergistic effect of.ABR reactor has unique biological separation function for denitrifying bacteria and anammox bacteria to create suitable for their own living environment, resulting in different compartments formed by denitrification and anammox reaction zone is dominant, inhibition of organic on the anammox bacteria. This paper focuses on the ABR of anammox denitrification nitrogen and carbon removal conditions, system of collaborative inhibition efficiency under restoration and microbial characteristics and coordination system on the matrix Tolerance properties were studied. The effects of influent COD concentration of ABR of anammox denitrification nitrogen and carbon removal effect; influent NO_2~--N and NH_4~+-N concentration of collaborative system efficiency recovery, while using high-throughput sequencing analysis of the optimal initial stage and synergistic removal of nitrogen and carbon sludge samples under the condition; then based on the effects of influent substrate concentration on carbon and nitrogen removal efficiency of cooperative system, and through the study of kinetics of the matrix on the matrix theory of collaborative system tolerance. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) clear anammox and denitrification synergistic carbon and nitrogen removal process, using ABR reactor and ammonia water control nitrite nitrogen was 75 mg - L~ (-1), 110 mg - L~ (-1), study on carbon and nitrogen removal effect in different influent COD concentration. The results showed that low concentration of COD (? 120 mg - L~ (-1) TN) and the removal rate of COD In 98% and 79%, but in the influent COD 180 mg - L~ (-1) under the condition of heterotrophic denitrification enhanced the COD removal rate can reach 92% Anammox, resulting in the total nitrogen removal rate is limited to 70%. of the influent COD concentration is higher, the anammox nitrogen contribution rate gradually decreased, while the anti denitrification contribution rate continued to increase. (2) to solve the influent COD 180 mg - L~ (-1) under the condition of system nitrogen removal problems, control water COD 180 mg - L~ (-1) and the total amount of NO_2~--N and NH_4~+-N unchanged, gradually increasing the concentration of NO_2~--N and decreased the concentration of NH_4~+-N. The results showed that the denitrification contribution to TN first decreased and then increased, Anammox pathway is first increased and then decreased. The contribution of TN and TN removal amount based on the consideration, when the influent substrate concentration NO_2~--N and NH_4~+-N were 140 mg - L~ (-1), 40 mg - L~ (-1) (order Duan), the carbon nitrogen removal efficiency removal reactor Good. And the reactor of NH_4~+-N, NO_2~--N, COD, TN removal rates were 99.7%, 99.9%, 99.7%, 99.2%, the denitrification and the contribution rate of TN is 63.1%, Anammox means the contribution rate of TN 36.1%. in the influent COD by denitrification removal. To define the relationship between water quality and microbial reactor the optimal conditions of (stage IV) and initial conditions (phase I) under biological mud samples by high-throughput sequencing, the results show that the ABR reactor denitrifying bacteria are more abundant, including Proteobacteria and planctomycetes is involved in two bacterial denitrification and anaerobic ammonium oxidation the Proteobacteria are mainly distributed in the ABR compartment 1 and 5 compartment, planctomycetes are mainly distributed in the middle of the ABR compartment (2,3,4); the optimal condition compared with the initial conditions, the low abundance of Proteobacteria (9.46%~22%, 22.81%~59.76%), high abundance of planctomycetes (6.59%~14.86%, 2.63~3.49%); deformation bacteria The door includes Hyphomicrobium, Methyloversatilis, Denitratisoma, Limnobacter and other genera, dominant, and planctomycetes of mainly Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Kuenenia. At the same time, Chao, ACE, Shannon, Simpson index indicated that the optimum operating conditions of ABR reactor B microbial species of low complexity, high enrichment. A species gradually enriched, and the water treatment effect is consistent. (3) to clear coordination system on matrix tolerance control, influent substrate water concentration increase in fixed proportion on the basis of the previous research results in the foundation. The results show that when the influent substrate concentration (COD, NO_2~--N, NH_4~+-N) (420270110) mg L~ (-1), nitrogen and carbon removal effect is good and stable operation of the reactor, COD, NO_2~--N, NH_4~+-N removal rates were 93%, 94.4%, 93.2%, TN removal rate is more than 93%. With the increase of influent substrate concentration, anaerobic Ammonia oxidation pathway of TN reduce the contribution rate (43.08%, 39.02%), denitrification contribution rate increased (53.81%, 57.14%). However, when the influent substrate concentration (420270110 mg) - L~ (-1), collaborative system on the NH_4~+-N removal effect is poor. The anaerobic ammonia oxidation rate dropped to TN contribution (16.49%). Denitrification in the contribution rate of TN increased to (82.07%). At this time, ABR reactor B FA to inhibit Anammox bacteria. By fitting the kinetic model Stover-Kincannon model (R~2=0.937, TN; R~2=0.975, COD) is a matrix removal model (R~2=0.314, TN; R~2=0.016, COD) is more suitable for the bearing capability of.Stover-Kincannon model the substrate concentration evaluation reactor maximum substrate removal reactor for TN and COD utilization rate were 1.43 G - L~ (-1) - d~ (-1) and 3.33 g L~ (-1) - d~ (-1), saturation constants were 1.2 and 3.79, compared with the current water matrix, system theory on There is also room to continue to increase the matrix load.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X703;X172

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