本文選題：環(huán)境污染　切入點(diǎn)：污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)　出處：《浙江工商大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境污染問題是當(dāng)今學(xué)界在面對(duì)中國經(jīng)濟(jì)騰飛和消除貧困取得巨大成就時(shí)不可回避的話題。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長,污染現(xiàn)象不斷發(fā)生,民眾生活受到不同程度的危害,如何避免污染現(xiàn)象的持續(xù)發(fā)生則顯得尤為迫切。工業(yè)污染源93%來自污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè),但該產(chǎn)業(yè)的轉(zhuǎn)型升級(jí)并不理想,產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展因鎖定效應(yīng)的存在而出現(xiàn)路徑依賴現(xiàn)象,即初始"粗放型"經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展模式,在改革開放并伴隨中國加入WTO這"歷史性事件"的觸發(fā)下,產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展被鎖定在低端技術(shù)水平并沿著這一既定路徑徘徊不前,陷入發(fā)展的桎梏。因此,本文通過從工業(yè)中選擇污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè),從鎖定效應(yīng)的分析視角和方法入手,并從理論和實(shí)證兩方面來研究污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)與鎖定效應(yīng)相關(guān)問題,最后根據(jù)研究結(jié)論提出相應(yīng)建議和探析解鎖路徑。在理論方面,本文通過對(duì)Arthur技術(shù)鎖定效應(yīng)模型的推導(dǎo)深化,將改革開放和中國加入WTO作為"歷史性事件"嵌入到新古典經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)配置模型(鎖定效應(yīng)模型)中,在規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增的條件下分析出中國產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展陷入低端技術(shù)鎖定狀態(tài),并根據(jù)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展歷程推斷污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)存在結(jié)構(gòu)鎖定、產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展鎖定和資源要素投入鎖定。在實(shí)證方面,本文通過測(cè)度污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)及其全要素生產(chǎn)率兩個(gè)指標(biāo),分別利用1999—2014、2004—2014年分行業(yè)面板數(shù)據(jù)并基于OLS回歸實(shí)證分析了污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)(分類型)升級(jí)中存在的鎖定效應(yīng)現(xiàn)象,并通過工具變量法進(jìn)行穩(wěn)健性檢驗(yàn)。主要結(jié)論如下:第一,污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展呈U型鎖定狀態(tài)。污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展存在自我鎖定效應(yīng),鎖定狀態(tài)呈現(xiàn)"增加、減弱、增加"的U型鎖定現(xiàn)象。U型鎖定效應(yīng)表明,"歷史性事件"的發(fā)生存在改變發(fā)展路徑的可能,但同時(shí)也會(huì)強(qiáng)化原有的發(fā)展模式,解鎖的關(guān)鍵在于開放程度及機(jī)制的變革;第二,物質(zhì)資本、人力資本鎖定造成了污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)緩慢、困難。"粗放型"經(jīng)濟(jì)增長模式造成了污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展鎖定在物質(zhì)資本和人力資本上,解鎖的關(guān)鍵在于物質(zhì)資本投入模式的變化和提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率,政府應(yīng)優(yōu)化產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),鼓勵(lì)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)吸納更多勞動(dòng)力;第三,科技研發(fā)投入促進(jìn)污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)。科技研發(fā)投入對(duì)污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)和技術(shù)進(jìn)步具有明顯的促進(jìn)作用,作為經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展要素的科研投入在產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)中并沒有出現(xiàn)鎖定效應(yīng)。這說明,正是由于科研投入不足和技術(shù)水平的相對(duì)落后,造成了產(chǎn)業(yè)升級(jí)緩慢且困難。因此,提高企業(yè)的污染成本,加強(qiáng)環(huán)境管制力度,鼓勵(lì)產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部創(chuàng)新能有效避免嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境污染現(xiàn)象。
[Abstract]:The problem of environmental pollution is an unavoidable topic in the face of the tremendous achievements of China's economic take-off and poverty eradication. With the economic growth, the phenomenon of pollution continues to occur, and people's lives are endangered to varying degrees. How to avoid the continuous occurrence of pollution is particularly urgent. Industrial pollution source 93% comes from pollution-intensive industry, but the transformation and upgrading of this industry is not ideal, the industrial development appears path dependence phenomenon because of the existence of lock-in effect. That is, the initial "extensive" economic development model, triggered by the reform and opening up and the "historic event" of China's entry into WTO, led to the industrial development being locked in the low-end technology level and hesitated along this established path. Therefore, by choosing pollution-intensive industries from industry, starting with the perspective and methods of lock-in effect, and studying the problems related to the upgrading of pollution-intensive industries and lock-in effects from both theoretical and empirical aspects, Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, the corresponding suggestions and analysis of the unlocking path are put forward. In theory, this paper deepens the analysis of the locking effect model of Arthur technology through the derivation of the locking effect model. Taking the reform and opening up and China's entry into WTO as "historic events", this paper embed the allocation model of neo-classical economics (lock-in effect model). Under the condition of increasing returns of scale, the paper analyzes that the development of Chinese industry falls into the state of low-end technology locking. According to the history of industrial development, it is inferred that there are structural locking, industrial development locking and resource factor investment locking in the pollution-intensive industries. In the empirical aspect, this paper measures the pollution-intensive industries and their total factor productivity. Based on the panel data from 1999-2014 to 2004-2014 and based on OLS regression, this paper analyzes the phenomenon of lock-in effect in the upgrading of pollution-intensive industries (subtypes), and tests its robustness by means of instrumental variable method. The main conclusions are as follows: first, The development of pollution-intensive industries is U-shaped. There is a self-locking effect in the development of pollution-intensive industries. The increase of "U-type locking effect" indicates that the occurrence of "historic events" may change the path of development, but at the same time, it will also strengthen the original development model. The key to unlocking lies in the open degree and the change of mechanism; second, Physical capital, human capital locking has resulted in the slow and difficult upgrading of pollution-intensive industries. The "extensive" economic growth pattern has caused the development of polluting intensive industries to be locked in material capital and human capital. The key to unlocking lies in the change of the pattern of material capital input and the improvement of labor productivity. The government should optimize the industrial structure and encourage the tertiary industry to absorb more labor. Third, The investment in scientific and technological research and development promotes the upgrading of pollution-intensive industries. The investment in scientific and technological research and development plays a significant role in promoting the upgrading of pollution-intensive industries and technological progress. As a factor of economic development, scientific research investment does not appear lock effect in industrial upgrading, which shows that it is the lack of scientific research investment and the relative backwardness of technology level that cause the industrial upgrading to be slow and difficult. Increasing the cost of pollution, strengthening environmental control and encouraging innovation within the industry can effectively avoid serious environmental pollution.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：X322;F127

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 洪聯(lián)英;韓峰;唐寅;;中國制造業(yè)為何難以突破技術(shù)技能升級(jí)陷阱?——一個(gè)國際生產(chǎn)組織安排視角的分析[J];數(shù)量經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究;2016年03期

2 周沂;賀燦飛;劉穎;;中國污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)地理分布研究[J];自然資源學(xué)報(bào);2015年07期

3 楊軍;任力軍;;鎖定效應(yīng)與資源型區(qū)域產(chǎn)業(yè)投資結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究[J];山西大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(哲學(xué)社會(huì)科學(xué)版);2015年03期

4 謝凡;;環(huán)境規(guī)制下污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的熊彼特利潤測(cè)算[J];中國科技論壇;2015年03期

5 范劍勇;馮猛;李方文;;產(chǎn)業(yè)集聚與企業(yè)全要素生產(chǎn)率[J];世界經(jīng)濟(jì);2014年05期

6 李長青;姚萍;童文麗;;中國污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新能力[J];中國人口.資源與環(huán)境;2014年04期

7 王學(xué)淵;郭亞云;;浙江省污染密集產(chǎn)業(yè)的地區(qū)分布與發(fā)展趨勢(shì)研究[J];環(huán)境科學(xué)與管理;2014年01期

8 仇方道;蔣濤;張純敏;單勇兵;;江蘇省污染密集型產(chǎn)業(yè)空間轉(zhuǎn)移及影響因素[J];地理科學(xué);2013年07期

9 李宏偉;;“碳鎖定”與“碳解鎖”研究:技術(shù)體制的視角[J];中國軟科學(xué);2013年04期

10 牛海鵬;朱松;尹訓(xùn)國;張平淡;;經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與污染物排放之間關(guān)系的實(shí)證研究[J];中國軟科學(xué);2012年04期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 張鵬輝;中國制造業(yè)出口國內(nèi)技術(shù)含量及其影響因素分析[D];湖南大學(xué);2012年

，

本文編號(hào)：1577832