本文選題：重金屬廢水　切入點(diǎn)：微流控技術(shù)　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：重金屬廢水污染是目前亟待解決的環(huán)境問題之一。吸附法簡單高效,但常見的吸附劑普遍存在吸附容量低,穩(wěn)定性差,制備不規(guī)整,脫附回收困難,二次污染等缺點(diǎn)。微流控技術(shù)在材料合成領(lǐng)域受到廣泛關(guān)注,在制備大小、形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)、組分有序可控的高單分散性功能材料方面具有明顯優(yōu)勢。在本文中,我們采用微流控技術(shù)作為造粒手段,天然無毒的殼聚糖為原材料,制備出粒徑均勻(CV=1.52%),形貌與組分可控,機(jī)械強(qiáng)度高,重復(fù)利用性強(qiáng)的殼聚糖微球(CSMS)吸附劑。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,將微流控技術(shù)與官能團(tuán)嫁接技術(shù)相結(jié)合,制備出具有高比表面積并硫脲改性的殼聚糖微球(TMCM)。大量的氨基官能團(tuán)嫁接到微球表面,使微球展現(xiàn)出更高的吸附容量(qe=60.6mg g~(-1))與更快的吸附速率,吸附動力學(xué)符合準(zhǔn)二級動力學(xué)吸附模型。將微流控技術(shù)與離子印跡技術(shù)相結(jié)合,以銅離子為模板,殼聚糖為載體,化學(xué)交聯(lián)為離子印跡生成標(biāo)記,制備出具有選擇吸附性的殼聚糖微球(IIMS)。吸附能力高效(qm=81n97mgg~(-1)),選擇性能優(yōu)異。等溫吸附符合Langmuir方程,而等溫動力學(xué)吸附數(shù)據(jù)表明吸附過程為自發(fā)放熱過程。多種技術(shù)手段對吸附結(jié)果的分析表明化學(xué)吸附在吸附過程中占主導(dǎo)地位,而氨基作為活性官能團(tuán)為主要的吸附基團(tuán)。將微流控技術(shù)應(yīng)用于制備重金屬廢水吸附劑,并與官能團(tuán)嫁接技術(shù)、離子印跡技術(shù)等手段相結(jié)合,所制備的功能型吸附材料能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對目標(biāo)金屬離子的高效性、快速性、選擇性吸附,具有良好的實(shí)際應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:The heavy metals pollution is one of the environmental problems to be solved. The adsorption method is simple and efficient, but common adsorbents generally low adsorption capacity, poor stability, the preparation of irregular, desorption and recovery difficult, two pollution and other shortcomings. Microfluidic technology received wide attention in the field of materials in the preparation of size. The morphology, structure, has obvious advantages of high monodisperse functional materials were orderly controllable. In this paper, we use microfluidic technology as granulation means, non-toxic natural chitosan as raw materials, preparation of uniform particle size (CV =1.52%), the morphology and composition of controllable, high mechanical strength, repeat the use of Chitosan Microspheres with strong adsorption agent (CSMS). And on this basis, the microfluidic technology and grafting technology, prepared with high specific surface area and the thiourea modified chitosan microspheres (TMCM). A large number of amino groups. From the surface of the microspheres microspheres exhibit higher adsorption capacity (qe=60.6mg g~ (-1)) and faster adsorption rate, adsorption kinetics of the quasi two level dynamic adsorption model. The microfluidic technology and ion imprinting technology combined with copper template, chitosan as carrier, chemical crosslinking for ion imprinting generating marker, is prepared to choose chitosan microspheres (IIMS). The adsorption of efficient adsorption capacity (qm=81n97mgg~ (-1)), selection of excellent performance. Adsorption isotherm accords with Langmuir equation, and the adsorption kinetic data indicated that the adsorption process was spontaneous exothermic process. Analysis of various technical means of adsorption results show that chemical adsorption the dominant in the adsorption process, while amino as active functional groups for adsorption group. The main microfluidic technology was applied to the preparation of heavy metal wastewater, and grafting technology and functional groups of ion imprinting technology Combined with other methods, the functional adsorption material can achieve high efficiency, fast and selective adsorption for target metal ions, and has good practical application prospects.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TQ424;X703

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本文編號：1577549