本文關(guān)鍵詞：含鹽含酚廢水熱泵蒸發(fā)結(jié)晶裝置的研制及其運行特性研究　出處：《華東理工大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 結(jié)晶技術(shù) MVR技術(shù) 廢水處理 結(jié)晶動力學(xué) 廢水物性

【摘要】：我國是農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)和使用大國,農(nóng)藥的生產(chǎn)和使用量位居世界前列。據(jù)統(tǒng)計,農(nóng)藥生產(chǎn)和排放的廢水之比約1:100,大量農(nóng)藥廢水的任意排放已造成嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境問題。農(nóng)藥廢水處理主要途徑為優(yōu)化減排和治理排放,目前主要以治理為主,農(nóng)藥廢水種類繁多,須針對性處理,極大增加了處理難度。本文以某農(nóng)藥廠排放的含鹽廢含酚廢水為載體,通過基礎(chǔ)物性分析、熱物性檢測、結(jié)晶動力學(xué)研究、基礎(chǔ)小試、中試放大,研究開發(fā)適用于本廢水的蒸發(fā)、結(jié)晶處理設(shè)備。為了了解廢水的基本物性,對廢水在不同溫度和濃度下的密度、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、比熱容和粘度進(jìn)行檢測。通過模擬蒸發(fā)、結(jié)晶實驗,獲得本廢水在常壓下飽和沸點升高約9.5℃,減壓下沸點升高值相對減小,90℃時溶解度為38.614g/100g水,結(jié)晶動力學(xué)指數(shù)i=1.790。為了保證工業(yè)化的應(yīng)用,在基礎(chǔ)檢測和小試的前提下進(jìn)行中試實驗。對中試結(jié)晶器中不同層高的晶漿進(jìn)行分析,獲得晶粒度、成核速率、生長速率等中試數(shù)據(jù),尋找最佳的工作點。中試實驗采用Oslo結(jié)晶器,通過對比分析,在結(jié)晶器沉降層距底部約1/3～1/4位置時,抽取晶漿位置最佳。為了優(yōu)化工藝路線,對比多效最終優(yōu)選采用MVR壓縮機(jī)技術(shù)。在蒸發(fā)溫度75℃至90℃條件下,對比壓縮機(jī)功率、降溫水量、蒸發(fā)結(jié)晶裝置的總能耗、總面積等參數(shù),確定蒸發(fā)溫度為90℃。為了提高能量利用率,將冷凝水、晶漿輸出、母液回流等熱量進(jìn)行合理利用。設(shè)備設(shè)計中采用多段板式預(yù)熱器和板式蒸發(fā)器,分離器、冷凝水汽液分離裝置均采用本人專利結(jié)構(gòu),提高運行效率。工程應(yīng)用中,通過調(diào)節(jié)結(jié)晶循環(huán)量和蒸發(fā)段與結(jié)晶段的熱量匹配,設(shè)備運行良好,廢水結(jié)晶鹽平均粒度達(dá)0.4mm,冷凝水出水COD含量小于50ppm。由于農(nóng)藥廢水的各異性,不同的廢水仍需進(jìn)行針對的開發(fā)設(shè)計。
[Abstract]:China is a big country in the production and use of pesticides, and the production and use of pesticides are in the forefront of the world. According to the statistics, the ratio of the waste water in the production and discharge of pesticides is about 1:100, and the arbitrary discharge of a large number of pesticide wastewater has caused serious environmental problems. The main way of pesticide wastewater treatment is to optimize emission reduction and control emissions. At present, the main treatment is pesticide control, and there are many kinds of pesticide wastewater. In this paper, a waste water containing salt and phenol from a pesticide factory is used as a carrier. Through the analysis of basic physical properties, thermophysical properties, crystallization kinetics, basic tests and pilot scale enlargement, the equipment for evaporation and crystallization treatment of wastewater is developed. In order to understand the basic properties of wastewater, the density, thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity and viscosity of the wastewater at different temperatures and concentrations are detected. By simulating evaporation and crystallization experiments, the saturated boiling point of the wastewater increased by about 9.5 degrees at atmospheric pressure, and the value of boiling point increased at a reduced pressure. The solubility of 38.614g/100g was 90 i=1.790, and the crystallization kinetics index was 0. In order to ensure the application of industrialization, pilot experiments are carried out on the premise of basic testing and small test. The grain size, nucleation rate, growth rate and other medium test data were obtained to find the best working point. In the pilot experiment, the Oslo crystallizer is used. By contrast, the optimum position of the slurry is obtained when the settlement layer is about 1/3 to 1/4 at the bottom of the crystallizer. In order to optimize the process route, MVR compressor technology is adopted to compare the multi effect optimization. At the evaporation temperature of 75 to 90 degrees, the evaporation temperature is 90 C, comparing with the parameters of compressor power, cooling water volume, total energy consumption and total area of evaporation crystallizer. In order to improve the energy utilization rate, the heat of condensate water, slurry output and mother liquid reflux are rationally utilized. The multi section plate preheater and plate evaporator are used in the design of the equipment, and the separator and condensate water vapor separation device all adopt their own patent structure to improve the operation efficiency. In engineering application, by adjusting the amount of crystallization cycle and the heat matching between evaporation section and crystalline section, the equipment runs well, the average particle size of wastewater crystal salt reaches 0.4mm, and the COD content of condensate effluent is less than 50ppm. Because of the specificity of the pesticide wastewater, the different wastewater needs to be developed and designed.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X786

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