湘中信義會(huì)自立歷史研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-07 12:54
【摘要】：近代以來(lái),基督教在中國(guó)經(jīng)歷過(guò)一個(gè)從依賴差會(huì)到逐漸自立的過(guò)程,中西合作的差會(huì)體制下的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)是中國(guó)基督教史的重要方面。因地域、派別的不同,中國(guó)基督教自立運(yùn)動(dòng)呈現(xiàn)出多樣性特征。作為內(nèi)陸地區(qū)的教義相對(duì)保守的教會(huì),湘中信義會(huì)的自立具有神學(xué)上注重以信仰推動(dòng)自立、經(jīng)濟(jì)上縮減少教會(huì)支出、組織上注重教會(huì)管理等特征。湘中信義會(huì)的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)隨著時(shí)代發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了從起步到高漲再經(jīng)受挫折的曲折發(fā)展歷程。在初創(chuàng)階段,該會(huì)即倡導(dǎo)教會(huì)聯(lián)合運(yùn)動(dòng),并實(shí)行初步的自立舉措。到20世紀(jì)二三十年代,通過(guò)提出自立主張、注重信仰基礎(chǔ)上的信徒自立、調(diào)整教會(huì)管理等舉措,其自立運(yùn)動(dòng)得以發(fā)展�？箲�(zhàn)勝利后,湘中總會(huì)落實(shí)中華信義會(huì)注重青年工作的方針,大力推進(jìn)青年事工,以此為契機(jī)推動(dòng)教會(huì)的自傳運(yùn)動(dòng),因此時(shí)的湘中信義會(huì)處于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)環(huán)境中,加之通貨膨脹等因素的影響,該會(huì)的自養(yǎng)在此階段出現(xiàn)了衰退。湘中信義會(huì)的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)在挪威差會(huì)的指導(dǎo)下推行,挪威差會(huì)的自養(yǎng)計(jì)劃在一定程度上推動(dòng)了湘中總會(huì)的自立。然而,在中西合作基礎(chǔ)上實(shí)行的自養(yǎng)計(jì)劃,本身包含著中國(guó)信徒與傳教士之間的矛盾。根據(jù)自養(yǎng)計(jì)劃,差會(huì)和總會(huì)之間的職責(zé)界線并不十分明確,這不免導(dǎo)致差會(huì)和總會(huì)員工之間產(chǎn)生矛盾和緊張關(guān)系。隨著自養(yǎng)計(jì)劃的推行,必然出現(xiàn)一個(gè)排斥差會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)權(quán)的教會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu),而這與該計(jì)劃設(shè)計(jì)的體制相悖。這些矛盾也阻礙了湘中信義會(huì)自立的實(shí)現(xiàn)�？偟膩�(lái)看,湘中總會(huì)的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)既深受本宗派教義的內(nèi)在影響,也深受本地區(qū)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況的制約,它是中國(guó)教會(huì)領(lǐng)袖和普通基督徒在差會(huì)的指導(dǎo)之下逐步推行的。從自立運(yùn)動(dòng)的結(jié)果看,此階段湘中總會(huì)的自治已經(jīng)實(shí)現(xiàn),而自傳也在差會(huì)的協(xié)助下順利推行。而作為教會(huì)"三自"核心的自養(yǎng)方面,盡管其教育、醫(yī)療事業(yè)已基本實(shí)現(xiàn)自養(yǎng),但其教會(huì)的自養(yǎng)程度較低,其自養(yǎng)并未實(shí)現(xiàn)。新中國(guó)成立后,傳教士相繼撤離中國(guó)大陸,湘中信義會(huì)切斷與挪威差會(huì)的聯(lián)系,開(kāi)展了"三自"革新運(yùn)動(dòng)。在此過(guò)程中,形成了相關(guān)記憶。湘中信義會(huì)教會(huì)記憶史中,本土基督徒對(duì)該會(huì)的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)予以重構(gòu)。這種重構(gòu)在"三自"革新運(yùn)動(dòng)提供的現(xiàn)實(shí)框架之下進(jìn)行,它是在"反帝"語(yǔ)境下對(duì)湘中總會(huì)自立歷史的重構(gòu)和過(guò)濾,在較大程度上否定了其自立進(jìn)程,實(shí)際上這是在新的歷史條件下對(duì)湘中信義會(huì)自立運(yùn)動(dòng)的另一種闡述,體現(xiàn)出較強(qiáng)的時(shí)代性,也為人們從另一種角度認(rèn)識(shí)湘中信義會(huì)的自立運(yùn)動(dòng)提供了一個(gè)視角。
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Christianity has experienced a process from dependence to independence in China, and the self-supporting movement under the system of Chinese and Western cooperation is an important aspect of Chinese Christian history. Because of the different regions and schools, the Christian self-support movement in China presents a diversity of characteristics. As a relatively conservative church in inland area, the independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church is characterized by theological emphasis on promoting independence by faith, economic reduction of church expenditure, and organizational emphasis on church management. With the development of the times, the independence movement of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church experienced a tortuous course from the beginning to the upsurge and then to the setback. In its infancy, the association advocated the United church movement and carried out initial initiatives of independence. In the 1920s and 1930s, the self-supporting movement was developed by putting forward the stand of self-reliance, emphasizing the independence of believers on the basis of belief, and adjusting the management of the church. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Central Hunan Federation carried out the policy of paying attention to the work of youth by the Chinese Lutheran Church, and vigorously promoted the work of the youth ministry, thus taking this opportunity to promote the church's autobiographical movement. At this time, the faith in central Hunan would be in a war environment. In addition, inflation and other factors, the association's self-care at this stage of the recession. The self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church of Central Hunan was carried out under the guidance of the Norwegian missionary Society, and the self-support plan of the Norwegian Lutheran Association promoted the independence of the Central Hunan General Assembly to a certain extent. However, the self-care scheme based on the cooperation between China and the West contains contradictions between Chinese believers and missionaries. According to the self-care plan, the line of responsibilities between the club and the association is not very clear, which inevitably leads to contradictions and tensions between the association and its employees. With the implementation of the plan, there must be a church structure that excludes the leadership of the poor society, which is contrary to the system designed by the plan. These contradictions also hindered the realization of independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Society. On the whole, the self-supporting movement of the Central Hunan Federation was deeply influenced by the doctrine of this sect and restricted by the social and economic conditions of the region. It was gradually carried out by the Chinese church leaders and ordinary Christians under the guidance of the missionary Church. From the results of the self-supporting movement, the autonomy of the Central Hunan General Assembly has been realized in this stage, and the autobiography has been carried out smoothly with the help of the poor association. As the core of the church's "three self-care", although its education and medical service have basically realized self-support, the degree of self-support in its church is relatively low, and its self-care has not been realized. After the founding of New China, missionaries left the Chinese mainland one after another. In this process, the formation of related memories. In the memory history of the Church of the Lutheran Church in Central Hunan, local Christians reconstruct the self-supporting movement of the Church. This kind of reconstruction is carried out under the realistic frame provided by the "Three-Self" reform movement. It is the reconstruction and filtering of the history of independence of the General Assembly of Central Hunan in the context of "anti-imperialism", and to a large extent negates its process of self-reliance. In fact, under the new historical conditions, it is another kind of exposition of the independence movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan, which embodies the strong epochal character, and also provides a visual angle for people to understand the self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan from another angle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B979
本文編號(hào)：2170080
[Abstract]:Since modern times, Christianity has experienced a process from dependence to independence in China, and the self-supporting movement under the system of Chinese and Western cooperation is an important aspect of Chinese Christian history. Because of the different regions and schools, the Christian self-support movement in China presents a diversity of characteristics. As a relatively conservative church in inland area, the independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church is characterized by theological emphasis on promoting independence by faith, economic reduction of church expenditure, and organizational emphasis on church management. With the development of the times, the independence movement of the Central Hunan Lutheran Church experienced a tortuous course from the beginning to the upsurge and then to the setback. In its infancy, the association advocated the United church movement and carried out initial initiatives of independence. In the 1920s and 1930s, the self-supporting movement was developed by putting forward the stand of self-reliance, emphasizing the independence of believers on the basis of belief, and adjusting the management of the church. After the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Central Hunan Federation carried out the policy of paying attention to the work of youth by the Chinese Lutheran Church, and vigorously promoted the work of the youth ministry, thus taking this opportunity to promote the church's autobiographical movement. At this time, the faith in central Hunan would be in a war environment. In addition, inflation and other factors, the association's self-care at this stage of the recession. The self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church of Central Hunan was carried out under the guidance of the Norwegian missionary Society, and the self-support plan of the Norwegian Lutheran Association promoted the independence of the Central Hunan General Assembly to a certain extent. However, the self-care scheme based on the cooperation between China and the West contains contradictions between Chinese believers and missionaries. According to the self-care plan, the line of responsibilities between the club and the association is not very clear, which inevitably leads to contradictions and tensions between the association and its employees. With the implementation of the plan, there must be a church structure that excludes the leadership of the poor society, which is contrary to the system designed by the plan. These contradictions also hindered the realization of independence of the Central Hunan Lutheran Society. On the whole, the self-supporting movement of the Central Hunan Federation was deeply influenced by the doctrine of this sect and restricted by the social and economic conditions of the region. It was gradually carried out by the Chinese church leaders and ordinary Christians under the guidance of the missionary Church. From the results of the self-supporting movement, the autonomy of the Central Hunan General Assembly has been realized in this stage, and the autobiography has been carried out smoothly with the help of the poor association. As the core of the church's "three self-care", although its education and medical service have basically realized self-support, the degree of self-support in its church is relatively low, and its self-care has not been realized. After the founding of New China, missionaries left the Chinese mainland one after another. In this process, the formation of related memories. In the memory history of the Church of the Lutheran Church in Central Hunan, local Christians reconstruct the self-supporting movement of the Church. This kind of reconstruction is carried out under the realistic frame provided by the "Three-Self" reform movement. It is the reconstruction and filtering of the history of independence of the General Assembly of Central Hunan in the context of "anti-imperialism", and to a large extent negates its process of self-reliance. In fact, under the new historical conditions, it is another kind of exposition of the independence movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan, which embodies the strong epochal character, and also provides a visual angle for people to understand the self-supporting movement of the Lutheran Church in the middle of Hunan from another angle.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B979
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