【摘要】： 彝族是我國(guó)西南地區(qū)一個(gè)有悠久歷史和燦爛文化的少數(shù)民族。鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后，西方列強(qiáng)通過(guò)基督宗教的天主教、新教傳教士在一個(gè)世紀(jì)里，不斷滲透、擴(kuò)張，力圖打開(kāi)在我國(guó)西南彝族地區(qū)的傳教局面。 在四川涼山彝族聚居區(qū)基督宗教遭到了強(qiáng)烈的抵制，傳教士企圖打開(kāi)傳教局面的種種努力都無(wú)法成功，當(dāng)?shù)厝罕姴恢挂淮蔚叵破鹆寺晞?shì)浩大的反洋教運(yùn)動(dòng)。但在以滇東北、滇北、黔西北為中心的云南、貴州的一些彝族聚居地，基督宗教的傳播卻取得了成功。 對(duì)于這個(gè)歷史現(xiàn)象，國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者均沒(méi)有作專題研究。本文試圖對(duì)此進(jìn)行探索與分析。在全面歸納、理清了基督宗教對(duì)我國(guó)彝族百年的滲透、擴(kuò)張過(guò)程的基礎(chǔ)上，筆者認(rèn)為： 基督宗教在四川涼山的受挫，是因?yàn)閭鹘y(tǒng)社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)保存較完整，彝族傳統(tǒng)文化積淀濃厚，由此形成的凝聚力使彝族群眾堅(jiān)決地抵制了西方基督宗教企圖滲透的種種努力。 而在云南和貴州，由于改土歸流的完成，漢族封建地主經(jīng)濟(jì)的影響，漢族移民的大量遷入，使彝族傳統(tǒng)的社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了變化，傳統(tǒng)文化的影響力相對(duì)減弱，造成了基督宗教新教的循道公會(huì)、內(nèi)地會(huì)傳播的空隙，終于得以插入并且取得不斷的發(fā)展。 不論是四川涼山彝族的抵制還是云南、貴州部分彝族的皈依，最終起決定性作用的還是他們所處的社會(huì)環(huán)境，是物質(zhì)的前提決定了人民的意向，從中再次印證了馬克思主義對(duì)于宗教實(shí)質(zhì)的經(jīng)典論述。 我們應(yīng)加強(qiáng)對(duì)彝族傳統(tǒng)文化的研究，從四川大涼山彝族先后成功 地抵制了孔孟之道、佛教及基督宗教等各種文化播散的事實(shí)，深入認(rèn) 識(shí)博大精深的獨(dú)特的彝族傳統(tǒng)文化，促進(jìn)彝族的社會(huì)主義精神文明建 設(shè)。 基督宗教在云南、貴州擴(kuò)展的進(jìn)程中，彝族群眾起到了決定性的 主體作用，創(chuàng)建教堂與學(xué)校的人、財(cái)、物力均來(lái)自彝族，各教區(qū)與教 學(xué)點(diǎn)的開(kāi)辟、堅(jiān)持均由彝族的骨干人物承擔(dān)，在基本上沒(méi)有政府與外 來(lái)投資的情況下，主要憑借當(dāng)?shù)匾妥遄约旱牧α�，辦起了多所實(shí)行規(guī) 范的近現(xiàn)代初等教育的小學(xué)，為彝族培養(yǎng)出一批中、高級(jí)知識(shí)分子。 把學(xué)校辦到山寨、充分發(fā)揮當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦姆e極性的歷史經(jīng)驗(yàn)值得借鑒，， 以推行西部大開(kāi)發(fā)和科教興西富民戰(zhàn)略。
[Abstract]:Yi nationality is a ethnic minority with a long history and splendid culture in Southwest China. After the Opium War, the Western powers, through the Christian Catholicism and Protestant missionaries, continued to infiltrate and expand in a century, trying to open up the situation of preaching in the area of Yi nationality in southwest China. In Liangshan, Sichuan, the Christian religion was strongly resisted, the missionary's attempts to open up the missionary situation were unsuccessful, and the local people set off a powerful anti-foreign movement more than once. However, the spread of Christian religion has been successful in some Yi nationality communities in Yunnan Province, with the center of Northeast Yunnan, Northern Yunnan and Northwest Guizhou. For this historical phenomenon, domestic and foreign scholars have not made special research. This paper attempts to explore and analyze this. On the basis of summing up and clarifying the infiltration and expansion of the Christian religion to the Yi people in China for a hundred years, the author thinks that the Christian religion is frustrated in Liangshan, Sichuan. Because of the integrity of the traditional social structure and the strong accumulation of the Yi traditional culture, the cohesive force of the Yi people resolutely resisted all kinds of attempts to infiltrate the western Christian religion. However, in Yunnan and Guizhou, due to the completion of land reform, the influence of the feudal landlord economy of Han nationality, and the large number of immigrants of Han nationality, the traditional social structure of Yi nationality has been changed, and the influence of traditional culture has been relatively weakened. As a result of the Christian Protestant Methodist Association, the spread of the gap in the mainland will eventually be inserted and continued to develop. Whether it is the resistance of the Yi people in Liangshan, Sichuan or Yunnan, the conversion of some Yi people in Guizhou, the final decisive role or the social environment in which they live, it is the material premise that determines the intention of the people. From this, it proves the classical exposition of Marxism on the essence of religion once again. We should strengthen the study of the traditional culture of the Yi people, and from the fact that the Yi people of Daliangshan in Sichuan have succeeded in resisting the spread of various cultures such as Confucius and Mencius, Buddhism and Christian religion, etc. To recognize deeply the unique traditional culture of Yi nationality and to promote the establishment of socialist spiritual civilization of Yi nationality. In the process of the expansion of Christian religion in Yunnan and Guizhou, the Yi people played a decisive role. The people who founded churches and schools came from the Yi people. All the dioceses and the opening up of religious and academic points are to be borne by the key figures of the Yi people. Basically, without government and foreign investment, mainly relying on the local Yi people's own strength, Set up many elementary schools of modern and modern primary education, and cultivated a group of middle and senior intellectuals for Yi people. It is worth learning from the historical experience of running the school into a village and giving full play to the enthusiasm of the local people in order to carry out the strategy of developing the western region and making the west prosperous through science and education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中央民族大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號(hào)】：B979.2

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 馬光霞;監(jiān)理會(huì)在華事業(yè)研究（1848-1939）[D];山東大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李蔚;云南少數(shù)民族女子教會(huì)教育的歷史研究（1881-1949年）[D];四川師范大學(xué);2012年

本文編號(hào)：2149831