明朝的宗室困局與北疆危機(jī)——以嘉靖朝朱充灼叛亂為例
發(fā)布時間：2018-10-10 19:26
【摘要】：邊軍的不振,宗室生活貧困與犯罪猖獗的困局是嘉靖朝邊疆危機(jī)中最為突出的兩大表現(xiàn)。因屯田制的衰落和宗室人口的膨脹,在明代中期財政危機(jī)的激化下,邊餉與宗祿不給的問題愈益突出。邊軍的不振,加劇了外敵的入侵破壞與地方的經(jīng)濟(jì)凋敝,更加惡化沿邊宗室的生存環(huán)境;宗室問題的愈演愈烈,又進(jìn)一步加深地方財政矛盾與社會動蕩,加劇邊軍處境的變壞。兩者陷入了一種互動互激,互為因果的死結(jié)之中。大同宗室朱充灼的叛亂,就是這個惡性循環(huán)不斷累積的反映與爆發(fā)。朱充灼的謀叛進(jìn)行得頗為順利,惟因偶然的意外,最終未能得逞。這一事件也反映出,歷史的走向已與明初封王設(shè)藩的目的背道而馳。宗室的困局,不僅將北疆各類危機(jī)矛盾徹底暴露,在其激化下,也將北疆危機(jī)推向了愈加難以解決的地步。
[Abstract]:Bian Jun's depression, clan poverty and rampant crime are the two most prominent manifestations in the crisis of Jiajing Dynasty. Due to the decline of the farming system and the expansion of the clan population, the problem of pay and zonglu was becoming more and more prominent under the financial crisis in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Bian Jun's lack of vibration has aggravated the invasion and destruction of foreign enemies and the local economic depression, and worsened the living environment of the lineal clans; the growing of the clan problem has further deepened the local financial contradictions and social unrest, and exacerbated the deterioration of Bian Jun's situation. The two are caught in an interactive, causal knot. The rebellion of Zhu Chong-searing in Datong clan is the reflection and outbreak of this vicious circle. Zhu's plot went quite smoothly, but by accident he failed. This incident also reflects that the historical trend has run counter to the aim of establishing a feudal throne in the early Ming Dynasty. The clan dilemma not only exposed all kinds of crisis contradictions in Northern Xinjiang, but also pushed the crisis of Northern Xinjiang to more and more difficult to solve.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)歷史系;
【分類號】：K248
[Abstract]:Bian Jun's depression, clan poverty and rampant crime are the two most prominent manifestations in the crisis of Jiajing Dynasty. Due to the decline of the farming system and the expansion of the clan population, the problem of pay and zonglu was becoming more and more prominent under the financial crisis in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. Bian Jun's lack of vibration has aggravated the invasion and destruction of foreign enemies and the local economic depression, and worsened the living environment of the lineal clans; the growing of the clan problem has further deepened the local financial contradictions and social unrest, and exacerbated the deterioration of Bian Jun's situation. The two are caught in an interactive, causal knot. The rebellion of Zhu Chong-searing in Datong clan is the reflection and outbreak of this vicious circle. Zhu's plot went quite smoothly, but by accident he failed. This incident also reflects that the historical trend has run counter to the aim of establishing a feudal throne in the early Ming Dynasty. The clan dilemma not only exposed all kinds of crisis contradictions in Northern Xinjiang, but also pushed the crisis of Northern Xinjiang to more and more difficult to solve.
【作者單位】： 華東師范大學(xué)歷史系;
【分類號】：K248
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