動植物與秦漢生態(tài)環(huán)境研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 17:41
【摘要】：伴隨著工業(yè)革命的開展，全球性的環(huán)境污染和生態(tài)失衡威脅著人類的生存，迫使人類進行反思。研究歷史上的生態(tài)環(huán)境問題的必要性即在于此。動植物是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)里最活躍的內(nèi)容，從環(huán)境史的角度出發(fā)，探討秦漢時期動植物的分布狀況、動植物與人類的關(guān)系以及人類活動對動植物的影響，對當前的生態(tài)環(huán)境研究頗有參考和借鑒意義。 秦漢時期，在北方的平原地區(qū)，由于人類的活動，森林已損毀殆盡，只有宮廷苑囿和帝王陵墓還維持著小塊林區(qū)。北方地區(qū)的森林主要集中在山區(qū)。居延地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境本身比較脆弱，由于軍事原因，統(tǒng)治者大量移民戍邊，導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)的生態(tài)環(huán)境破壞更加嚴重。南方地區(qū)已有了一定的開發(fā)，，但是人口密度小，人類活動對動植物的影響比北方小得多。秦漢時期的人們已有了護林、育林觀念，這對植被再生有很重要的作用，反映了人們尤其是統(tǒng)治者生態(tài)意識的提高。 秦漢時期野生動物的生存空間在縮小。通過對野象、野犀、猩猩、虎、鹿、野馬、鸚鵡、孔雀、馬來鱷、揚子鱷等野生動物分布范圍的研究，可推斷當時的生態(tài)環(huán)境狀況及其與人類的關(guān)系。畜牧業(yè)在中原王朝的邊境地區(qū)和一些少數(shù)民族地區(qū)發(fā)展得比較充分，主要表現(xiàn)為大規(guī)模的馬牛羊養(yǎng)殖。漁業(yè)生產(chǎn)以近海捕撈和陂池養(yǎng)殖為主，人們對魚類品種的認識和食用范圍在擴大。帝王苑囿、陵墓和私人園林客觀上起到了對動植物的保護作用。 根據(jù)該時期一些農(nóng)作物（粟、麥、菽、水稻等）種植范圍的變化、一些經(jīng)濟作物的分布和一些有代表性野生動物主要活動區(qū)域的變化，我們可以推知當時氣候的變化。
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial revolution, global environmental pollution and ecological imbalance threaten the survival of human beings, forcing human beings to reflect. The necessity of studying ecological environmental problems in history lies in this. Animals and plants are the most active contents in the ecosystem. From the perspective of environmental history, this paper discusses the distribution of animals and plants in the Qin and Han dynasties, the relationship between animals and plants and human beings, and the influence of human activities on animals and plants. For the current study of the ecological environment quite reference and reference significance. During the Qin and Han dynasties, in the northern plain area, the forest had been destroyed due to human activities, only the palace park and the imperial mausoleum maintained small forest areas. The forests in the north are mainly concentrated in the mountains. The ecological environment of Juyan region itself is relatively fragile, because of military reasons, the rulers emigrate and defend the border, resulting in the ecological environment damage in this area is more serious. The southern region has been developed, but the population density is small, and the impact of human activities on animals and plants is much smaller than in the north. During the Qin and Han dynasties, people had the concept of forest protection and forest cultivation, which played an important role in vegetation regeneration, and reflected the improvement of ecological consciousness of people, especially the rulers. The living space of wild animals was shrinking in Qin and Han dynasties. By studying the distribution of wild animals such as elephants, rhinoceros, orangutans, tigers, deer, wild horses, parrots, peacocks, Malay alligators and alligators, we can infer the ecological environment and its relationship with human beings at that time. Animal husbandry developed quite well in the border areas of the Central Plains Dynasty and some minority areas, mainly manifested in the large-scale breeding of horses, cattle and sheep. The fishery production is mainly inshore fishing and ponds culture, and people's understanding and edible range of fish species are expanding. The imperial garden, mausoleum and private gardens have objectively played a role in the protection of animals and plants. According to the change of planting range of some crops (millet, wheat, bean, rice, etc.), the distribution of some cash crops and the change of some representative wildlife's main active regions, we can infer the change of climate at that time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X17;K232
本文編號：2179810
[Abstract]:With the development of industrial revolution, global environmental pollution and ecological imbalance threaten the survival of human beings, forcing human beings to reflect. The necessity of studying ecological environmental problems in history lies in this. Animals and plants are the most active contents in the ecosystem. From the perspective of environmental history, this paper discusses the distribution of animals and plants in the Qin and Han dynasties, the relationship between animals and plants and human beings, and the influence of human activities on animals and plants. For the current study of the ecological environment quite reference and reference significance. During the Qin and Han dynasties, in the northern plain area, the forest had been destroyed due to human activities, only the palace park and the imperial mausoleum maintained small forest areas. The forests in the north are mainly concentrated in the mountains. The ecological environment of Juyan region itself is relatively fragile, because of military reasons, the rulers emigrate and defend the border, resulting in the ecological environment damage in this area is more serious. The southern region has been developed, but the population density is small, and the impact of human activities on animals and plants is much smaller than in the north. During the Qin and Han dynasties, people had the concept of forest protection and forest cultivation, which played an important role in vegetation regeneration, and reflected the improvement of ecological consciousness of people, especially the rulers. The living space of wild animals was shrinking in Qin and Han dynasties. By studying the distribution of wild animals such as elephants, rhinoceros, orangutans, tigers, deer, wild horses, parrots, peacocks, Malay alligators and alligators, we can infer the ecological environment and its relationship with human beings at that time. Animal husbandry developed quite well in the border areas of the Central Plains Dynasty and some minority areas, mainly manifested in the large-scale breeding of horses, cattle and sheep. The fishery production is mainly inshore fishing and ponds culture, and people's understanding and edible range of fish species are expanding. The imperial garden, mausoleum and private gardens have objectively played a role in the protection of animals and plants. According to the change of planting range of some crops (millet, wheat, bean, rice, etc.), the distribution of some cash crops and the change of some representative wildlife's main active regions, we can infer the change of climate at that time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：X17;K232
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