【摘要】：中國(guó)古代有各種忌諱，避諱是其中最普遍和最重的一種。避諱起源于西周，但當(dāng)時(shí)的規(guī)定還比較寬松，如不避偏名和嫌名，在詩文中不必避諱，特別是只對(duì)死者加以避諱等。從秦漢以后，避諱逐漸嚴(yán)格化，不僅生者也須諱名，二名要偏諱，要避嫌名，無論說話或?qū)懽侄家苤M，盛行私諱，甚至為避諱而改姓等等。避諱的方法很多，至少有改字、空字、缺筆等七種。避諱雖然使史籍的記載造成了混亂，，給史料的運(yùn)用增加了困難，但是如果人們掌握了它的規(guī)律，卻可以利用避諱來鑒別史書和史料的真真?zhèn)�。因此，研究避諱學(xué)對(duì)史學(xué)研究和古籍整理都有一定的意義。
[Abstract]:There were various taboos in ancient China, among which taboo was the most common and heaviest. Taboo originated in the Western Zhou Dynasty, but the regulations at that time were relatively loose, such as not avoiding names and names, not taboo in poetry, especially for the dead. Since the Qin and Han dynasties, taboo gradually strict, not only the living but also taboo name, two should be taboo, to avoid suspicion of name, whether speaking or writing taboo, prevailing private taboo, and even to avoid taboo and so on. There are a lot of taboo methods, at least there are seven kinds of words, empty words, missing pen and so on. Although taboo causes confusion in the record of historical books and makes the application of historical data more difficult, but if people master its laws, they can use taboo to identify the true and false of historical books and historical materials. Therefore, the study of taboo study has a certain significance to the study of history and the collation of ancient books.
【作者單位】： 浙江大學(xué)歷史系
【分類號(hào)】：K207

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