本文選題：明代 + 南直隸　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版)》2016年06期

【摘要】：南直隸即留都南京,為明朝財經(jīng)重心、政治副中心和軍事重鎮(zhèn)。其兵防體制歷經(jīng)前期首都變留都、中葉操巡江統(tǒng)合、嘉靖防倭與文官提督擴權(quán)、晚期四子防區(qū)定型四階段。因應(yīng)遷都,形成守備班子統(tǒng)率常設(shè)京營負責(zé)城防,而城防兵力有所削弱、其他衛(wèi)所兵力有所增強,但前者仍主操守,后者則多役于屯與運。因備倭,海防歸入直浙閩備倭都指揮統(tǒng)轄。正統(tǒng)后,海道寧息,三地分設(shè)備倭。明中葉沿江治安惡化,始以南京副或僉都御史提督操江兼巡江,統(tǒng)合江海防,鎮(zhèn)戍營兵制和以文統(tǒng)武體制初步成型。嘉靖中,因防倭,該體制全面展開,南北巡撫獲提督軍務(wù)權(quán),參贊尚書獲統(tǒng)合全南直軍事權(quán)。倭平后,文臣提督權(quán)被制度化,參贊尚書統(tǒng)合四子防區(qū)體制延續(xù)至明末。
[Abstract]:Nanzhili is the capital of Nanjing, the center of finance and economics in the Ming Dynasty, political center and military center. Its defense system experienced the capital changed to stay in the capital in the early period, in the middle of the period to patrol the river, Jiajing to protect the Japanese and the civilian governor to expand the power, the late four stages of the formation of the four sub-defense areas. In response to the relocation of the capital, a garrison team was formed to lead the permanent Beijing battalion to take charge of the city defense, while the city defense force was weakened, and the strength of other security offices was increased, but the former was still responsible for conduct, while the latter was heavily engaged in transportation and transportation. Due to the preparation of Japanese, coastal defense into Zhejiang, Fujian to prepare for the command and jurisdiction of the city. After orthodoxy, sea peace interest, three points of equipment. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, the public order along the river deteriorated, and then the deputy or legitimate Nanjing took charge of the river and inspected the river, integrating the river and sea defense, the town garrison system and the United military system. Jiajing, as a result of the prevention of Japan, the system was fully developed, the governor of the North-South Governor of military authority, Counsellor Shang Shu was integrated with the South straight military power. After Japan, the minister was institutionalized, Counsellor Shang Shu integrated the four sub-defense system to the end of the Ming Dynasty.
【作者單位】： 東北師范大學(xué)明清史研究所;
【基金】：中央高�；究蒲袠I(yè)務(wù)費專項資金資助課題“中西文明歷史經(jīng)驗中的公共社會價值觀研究”(11QN053),項目負責(zé)人:趙軼峰
【分類號】：K248

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