本文選題：跪坐　切入點：跪拜　出處：《史學(xué)集刊》2017年06期

【摘要】：先秦至秦漢時期,單純的跪在多數(shù)情況下不是禮儀行為,而是日常生活中的肢體動作。當(dāng)跪與其他肢體動作組合所形成的動作才具有禮儀性質(zhì),即為跪拜禮。跪拜禮之"跪"已經(jīng)完全沒有"坐"的意義,不是人們?yōu)樾菹⑸眢w而采取的一種姿勢,而是表現(xiàn)人們之間的特定關(guān)系,表達(dá)特定情感的一種體態(tài)。先秦時期只有頓首比較多見,九拜之禮真正形成系統(tǒng)是在漢代。秦朝的官僚機(jī)器只有強(qiáng)制性的行政制度,而缺少官場禮儀的潤滑劑。而兩漢的官僚制度與官場禮儀的結(jié)合,使各級官員在行政時,明確了自己的職責(zé),意識到自己在整個國家機(jī)器中的位置,而敬上意識的加強(qiáng),又使整個官僚機(jī)器上下關(guān)系更加順暢。跪拜之禮在培養(yǎng)官僚敬上、位置、職責(zé)等意識方面的作用,姑謂之"以禮養(yǎng)官",此可謂是一條成功的政治經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:From pre-Qin to Qin and Han dynasties, simple kneeling was not ceremonial behavior in most cases, but physical movement in daily life. That is, kneeling. The kneeling has no meaning of "sitting" at all. It is not a pose that people take to rest their bodies, but rather a specific relationship between them. A form of expression of a particular emotion. In the pre-Qin period, it was only immediately more common that the ritual of nine worshippers really formed a system in the Han Dynasty. The bureaucratic machinery of the Qin Dynasty had only a mandatory administrative system. However, the lack of lubricant of official etiquette. The combination of bureaucratic system and official etiquette in the Han Dynasty made officials at all levels clear their duties, realized their position in the whole state machine, and strengthened their sense of respect. It also makes the relationship between the whole bureaucratic machine more smooth. The function of kneeling worship in cultivating the consciousness of bureaucrat's respect, position, duty and so on, is a successful political experience.
【作者單位】： 中國社會科學(xué)院歷史研究所;
【基金】：2012年度國家社會科學(xué)基金重大招標(biāo)項目“中國禮制變遷及其現(xiàn)代價值研究”(12&ZD134)
【分類號】：K892.9

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本文編號：1676126