【摘要】：族類群體的政治行動(dòng)離不開(kāi)政治動(dòng)員的環(huán)節(jié),族性動(dòng)員普遍被視為現(xiàn)代政體中一種潛在的非整合性力量,其發(fā)生往往都以族性認(rèn)同為內(nèi)核或工具,再加上族群精英或族群政黨進(jìn)行有效的政治動(dòng)員才得以實(shí)現(xiàn)。族性動(dòng)員是一個(gè)族群圍繞一定的族群認(rèn)同(例如膚色、語(yǔ)言、風(fēng)俗等)進(jìn)行組織,以追求集體目標(biāo)的過(guò)程。族性動(dòng)員一旦發(fā)生,其對(duì)國(guó)家秩序、族群關(guān)系、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展及社會(huì)安定造成極大的破壞,由此引發(fā)的多米諾效應(yīng)也許會(huì)延續(xù)更長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間,往往造成國(guó)家政治秩序紊亂、族群社會(huì)行為失范、民眾恐懼心理加劇,其后果往往遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)于此,溢出效應(yīng)可波及鄰國(guó),導(dǎo)致地區(qū)安全危機(jī),甚至國(guó)際安全危機(jī)。研究族性動(dòng)員的理論與實(shí)踐,有助于深刻洞察民族政治行動(dòng)的發(fā)生、發(fā)展規(guī)律。族性動(dòng)員既是一個(gè)過(guò)程,又是一個(gè)行動(dòng)系統(tǒng)。族性動(dòng)員既有方向性,又有技術(shù)和路徑支持。目前,國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)族性動(dòng)員的理論研究不夠深入,缺乏系統(tǒng)分析與建構(gòu)。在實(shí)踐層面上,群體性事件爆發(fā)的頻率在加快,身處全球化、信息化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的大背景下,事件、運(yùn)動(dòng)及動(dòng)員產(chǎn)生的模仿效應(yīng)在增強(qiáng)。因此,對(duì)于民族國(guó)家及政府而言,不斷尋求有效的整合與消抑策略,防范與管控失控的族性動(dòng)員,將是任重而道遠(yuǎn)的過(guò)程。
[Abstract]:The political action of ethnic groups can not be separated from the link of political mobilization. Ethnic mobilization is generally regarded as a potential non-integrated force in modern polity, and its occurrence is often based on ethnic identity as the core or tool, coupled with the effective political mobilization of ethnic elites or ethnic political parties. Ethnic mobilization is a process in which an ethnic group is organized around a certain ethnic identity (such as skin color, language, customs, etc.) in pursuit of collective goals. Once the ethnic mobilization occurs, it will cause great damage to the national order, ethnic relations, economic development and social stability, and the domino effect may last longer, often resulting in the disorder of the national political order, the social behavior of ethnic groups, the aggravation of people's fear, and the consequences are often far more than this. Spillover effects can affect neighboring countries, lead to regional security crises, and even international security crises. The study of the theory and practice of ethnic mobilization is helpful to deeply understand the occurrence and development law of national political action. Ethnic mobilization is not only a process, but also a system of action. Ethnic mobilization not only has directivity, but also has technical and path support. At present, the theoretical research on ethnic mobilization in China is not deep enough, lack of systematic analysis and construction. At the practical level, the frequency of group events is accelerating, and under the background of globalization, information and networking, the imitation effect of events, movements and mobilization is increasing. Therefore, for the nation-state and the government, it will be a long way to go to seek effective integration and suppression strategies to prevent and control the runaway ethnic mobilization.
【作者單位】： 中央民族大學(xué)教務(wù)處;
【分類號(hào)】：D032

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