發(fā)布時間：2018-05-07 20:42

  本文選題：五四運動 + 政黨　； 參考：《中原工學院》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在波瀾起伏的近現代中國歷史發(fā)展進程中，曾經先后出現過三次政黨產生和發(fā)展的高潮時期。其中，1919年“五四”運動前后（即1917年至1924年）是中國政黨和政黨制度發(fā)生重大歷史變遷的一個轉折時期。 五四運動前后，中國新型政黨的迭出與高潮，既有其深刻的歷史社會背景，也有其背景產生的主、客觀方面的條件。其中，北洋軍閥統(tǒng)治的合法性危機及社會轉型時期跌宕起伏的中國政局，是五四運動前后中國新型政黨迭出的深刻的社會歷史背景；民初議會民主政黨的衰敗及功能的喪失是新型政黨迭出的客觀原因；各種思想與主義的傳播則是其理論基礎。 這個時期，中國政黨與政黨制度的發(fā)展呈現出一些新特點：其一，中國政黨由議會民主型政黨向革命型政黨轉變，，政黨的組織結構、功能使命、變革社會的手段都發(fā)生了重大變化；其二，五四運動前后中國政黨主要是基于各種主義與思想集合體之上逐漸發(fā)展起來的；其三，就政黨制度而言，民初議會政黨失敗后，中國的政黨制度正由多黨競爭向政黨聯(lián)合、一黨專政進而一黨領導多黨合作的新趨勢發(fā)展；其四，就中國革命的發(fā)展狀況而言，中國革命由“一黨革命”發(fā)展到“三黨競革”的新時期。這一時期，主要政黨紛紛以革命相標榜，其中既有政黨間的短暫聯(lián)盟與合作，也有政黨間的相互敵對與排斥，從而對中國社會的發(fā)展和革命的走向產生了極其深刻的影響。 同時，這一時期政黨的發(fā)展演變也給我們以深刻的歷史啟迪。其一，議會民主型政黨在北洋軍閥統(tǒng)治時期是根本無法生存和發(fā)展的；其二，任何政黨只有順應歷史潮流，才能發(fā)展壯大；其三，實現政黨間的聯(lián)盟與合作是中國革命取得勝利的保證；其四，中國不能只有一個政黨，中國的政黨制度必須有自己的特色。
[Abstract]:In the development process of modern Chinese history, there have been three climax periods of political parties' emergence and development. Among them, before and after the "May 4th Movement" in 1919 (1917 to 1924), it was a turning point for the great historical changes of Chinese political parties and their systems. Before and after the May 4th Movement, the emergence and climax of new political parties in China not only had its profound historical and social background, but also had its subjective and objective conditions. Among them, the crisis of legitimacy of Northern warlords' rule and the ups and downs of Chinese political situation during the period of social transformation are the profound social and historical background of the new political parties in China before and after the May 4th Movement. The decline and loss of functions of democratic political parties in the early Republic of China are the objective reasons for the successive emergence of new political parties, and the spread of various ideas and doctrines is its theoretical basis. During this period, the development of Chinese political party and its system showed some new characteristics: first, the political party in China changed from a democratic parliamentary party to a revolutionary political party, and the organizational structure and functional mission of the political party. Major changes have taken place in the means of changing society; second, before and after the May 4th Movement, Chinese political parties developed mainly on the basis of various doctrines and ideological aggregates; third, as far as the political party system is concerned, after the failure of the political parties in the early Republican Congress, The political party system in China is developing from multi-party competition to political party union, one-party dictatorship and then one-party leading multi-party cooperation. Fourthly, as far as the development of the Chinese revolution is concerned, The Chinese revolution has developed from a one-party revolution to a three-party revolution. During this period, the main political parties have proclaimed the revolution, including the brief alliance and cooperation among the political parties, as well as the mutual hostility and rejection among the political parties, which has had a profound impact on the development of Chinese society and the trend of the revolution. At the same time, the development and evolution of political parties in this period also give us profound historical enlightenment. First, the parliamentary democratic political parties were simply unable to survive and develop during the reign of the Northern warlords; second, any political party could only develop and grow if it complied with the historical trend; and third, The realization of alliance and cooperation among political parties is the guarantee of the victory of the Chinese revolution; fourth, China cannot have only one political party, and the political party system in China must have its own characteristics.
【學位授予單位】：中原工學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D05;K261

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本文編號：1858397