本文選題：康有為 + 君主觀　； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：康有為作為近代中國最重要的啟蒙人物之一，他的思想在學(xué)術(shù)、政治以及經(jīng)濟(jì)方面都具有非常重要的意義。他身處國際侵略者緊逼及國內(nèi)動蕩不安的危機(jī)情況下。然而這種情況并沒有打倒愛國人士，他們只是將悲憤化為動力，把實(shí)現(xiàn)民族獨(dú)立與國家富強(qiáng)的任務(wù)作為一切事情的出發(fā)點(diǎn)。通過對君主專制思想的批判，康有為研究其他成功國家的政治制度，并提出實(shí)行君主立憲制的主張，希望清王朝統(tǒng)治者——光緒皇帝能夠接受他的改革方案，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)國家的富強(qiáng)。 康有為在其政治思想中緊緊圍繞著“君主”。他對中國一直以來奉行的封建專制制度進(jìn)行了猛烈地抨擊，并認(rèn)為中國落后及衰敗的根源就在于中國傳統(tǒng)君主專制制度存在缺陷，從而提出希望通過漸進(jìn)的改革使中國從封建君主專制國家過渡到君主立憲制國家，戊戌變法成為康有為對其君主思想實(shí)踐的一次嘗試，并通過皇帝的權(quán)威進(jìn)行變法。完全將所有希望寄托到一個沒有掌握實(shí)權(quán)的君主身上，注定著變法的失敗。當(dāng)改革過程沒有像他所想象的那么簡單之時，他又轉(zhuǎn)而提出“虛君共和”的思想，直到他去世。 康有為已經(jīng)認(rèn)識到中國落后的原因在于君主專制的存在，然而中國走向富強(qiáng)必須通過君主，所以這一矛盾關(guān)系就產(chǎn)生了�？涤袨榈恼軐W(xué)觀點(diǎn)是進(jìn)化與漸進(jìn)并存，極力反對突變。他的政治前途同光緒皇帝聯(lián)系在一起，因此在對待光緒皇帝的態(tài)度上難免會有個人感恩之情的摻雜。同時自負(fù)的個性使其思想帶有很濃的理想化的色彩。這些因素的存在是其君主觀產(chǎn)生的重要根源。
[Abstract]:As one of the most important enlightenment figures in modern China, Kang Youwei's thought is of great significance in academic, political and economic fields. He was in a crisis of international invaders and domestic unrest. However, this situation did not bring down patriots, they only turned grief and anger into motive force, and took the task of national independence and national prosperity as the starting point of everything. By criticizing the idea of autocratic monarchy, Kang Youwei studied the political systems of other successful countries and put forward the idea of constitutional monarchy. He hoped that Emperor -, the ruler of the Qing Dynasty, would accept his reform plan. In order to achieve the prosperity of the country. Kang Youwei tightly revolved around the "monarch" in his political thought. He lashed out at the feudal autocracy that China had been pursuing, and believed that the root cause of China's backwardness and decline lay in the defects of China's traditional autocratic monarchy. It is hoped that China will transition from a feudal autocratic monarchy to a constitutional monarchy through gradual reform. The Reform Movement of 1898 has become an attempt by Kang Youwei to practice his monarch's ideology, and has been reformed through the authority of the emperor. Placing all hope entirely on a monarch who has no real power is doomed to the failure of reform. When the process of reform was not as simple as he had imagined, he turned to the idea of a virtual republic until his death. Kang Youwei has realized that the reason for China's backwardness lies in the existence of autocratic monarchy. Kang Youwei's philosophical view is that evolution and evolution coexist, and strongly oppose mutation. His political future is associated with Emperor Guang Xu, so there is inevitably a mixture of personal gratitude in his attitude towards Emperor Guang Xu. At the same time, the conceited personality makes its thoughts have a strong idealized color. The existence of these factors is an important source of the subjective emergence of its monarch.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D092

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