【摘要】：現(xiàn)代社會隨著心理學(xué)的傳播和被大眾廣泛的接受,人們開始不斷地關(guān)注自己的情緒狀態(tài),那些影響人情緒狀態(tài)的情緒事件比中性事件則更深刻、更具鮮活性,也更具引導(dǎo)性,會影響個體的個人成長,自我概念,信念和心理健康以及在生活中的很多選擇和決策。因此了解情緒記憶鮮活性的特點(diǎn)就顯得尤為重要。根據(jù)雙加工模型,再認(rèn)提取有兩種相互獨(dú)立的提取方式:熟悉性和回想,回想相比熟悉性是一種更有確定性和把握的過程,會促進(jìn)新信息的學(xué)習(xí)。另外,情緒記憶的發(fā)展模型強(qiáng)調(diào)需把情緒事件置于個體發(fā)展的大背景之下,個體對情緒事件的記憶會受到心理生理反應(yīng)、個體特征、主要社會關(guān)系和文化、社會等諸多因素的影響,當(dāng)然事件本身的強(qiáng)度、效價和關(guān)聯(lián)性也會影響個體對情緒事件的加工�；诖�,本研究為了更好的模擬了情緒事件發(fā)生的真實(shí)場景,使實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果更具生態(tài)效應(yīng),將采用復(fù)雜的情緒視頻為實(shí)驗(yàn)材料,并通過指導(dǎo)語讓被試?yán)孟胂髮⒁曨l材料與自身建立關(guān)聯(lián)性。因此,本研究將從情緒發(fā)展理論的視角,以再認(rèn)雙加工理論為基礎(chǔ),探討自我關(guān)聯(lián)性對情緒記憶鮮活性的影響研究。本研究使用修正后的“記得/知道”實(shí)驗(yàn)范式,設(shè)計了兩個實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)一,以自我關(guān)聯(lián)性和情緒效價為自變量,采用2×3的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計,通過指導(dǎo)語讓被試?yán)孟胂蟠胱晕谊P(guān)聯(lián),探討了自我關(guān)聯(lián)性對情緒記憶增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)和提取方式的影響;實(shí)驗(yàn)二在實(shí)驗(yàn)一的基礎(chǔ)之上,以自我關(guān)聯(lián)性、情緒效價、記憶類型以及延遲測驗(yàn)為自變量,采用2×3×2×2的混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計,進(jìn)一步探討自我關(guān)聯(lián)性和不同延時測驗(yàn)對情緒記憶的要義-細(xì)節(jié)權(quán)衡效應(yīng)的影響。通過對兩個實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的統(tǒng)計分析,得出以下主要結(jié)論:(1)在無自我關(guān)聯(lián)性條件下情緒記憶好于中性記憶的回想效果,存在情緒記憶的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)。(2)在有自我關(guān)聯(lián)性條件下負(fù)性情緒記憶的回想成績好于無自我關(guān)聯(lián)條件下的回想成績;負(fù)性情緒記憶的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)在有自我關(guān)聯(lián)條件下更為明顯。(3)情緒記憶的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)在一定時間上具有穩(wěn)定性。(4)情緒記憶的增強(qiáng)效應(yīng)不僅增強(qiáng)了要義回想體驗(yàn),也增強(qiáng)了細(xì)節(jié)回想體驗(yàn),則情緒記憶不存在要義-細(xì)節(jié)權(quán)衡效應(yīng);而自我關(guān)聯(lián)性和延遲測驗(yàn)對情緒記憶的權(quán)衡效應(yīng)沒有影響。
[Abstract]:With the spread of psychology and its wide acceptance by the public, people begin to pay attention to their own emotional state. The emotional events that affect people's emotional state are deeper, more lively and more instructive than neutral events, which will affect individual personal growth, self-concept, belief and mental health, as well as many choices and decisions in life. Therefore, it is particularly important to understand the characteristics of emotional memory freshness. According to the double processing model, there are two independent extraction methods: familiarity and recall, which is a more deterministic and sure process than familiarity, which will promote the learning of new information. In addition, the development model of emotional memory emphasizes that emotional events should be placed under the background of individual development. Individual memory of emotional events will be affected by many factors, such as psychophysiological reaction, individual characteristics, main social relations and culture, society and so on. Of course, the intensity, titer and relevance of the event itself will also affect the processing of emotional events. Based on this, in order to better simulate the real scene of emotional events and make the experimental results more ecological, the complex emotional video will be used as the experimental material, and the subjects will be asked to use imagination to establish the relationship between the video material and themselves. Therefore, this study will explore the effect of self-relevance on the fresh activity of emotional memory from the perspective of emotional development theory and recognition of double processing theory. In this study, two experiments were designed using the modified "remember / know" experimental paradigm. In experiment 1, taking self-relevance and emotional titer as independent variables, using 2 脳 3 mixed experimental design, the effect of self-relevance on emotional memory enhancement effect and extraction method was discussed by instructing subjects to substitute imagination for self-association. On the basis of experiment 1, taking self-relevance, emotional titer, memory type and delay test as independent variables, the mixed experimental design of 2 脳 3 脳 2 脳 2 was used to further explore the effects of self-relevance and different delay tests on the meaning-detail tradeoff effect of emotional memory. Through the statistical analysis of the two experimental data, the following main conclusions are drawn: (1) the recall effect of emotional memory is better than that of neutral memory under the condition of no self-relevance, and there is an enhancement effect of emotional memory. (2) the recall performance of negative emotional memory under the condition of self-relevance is better than that of non-self-related condition; The enhancement effect of negative emotional memory is more obvious under the condition of self-correlation. (3) the enhancement effect of emotional memory is stable for a certain period of time. (4) the enhancement effect of emotional memory not only enhances the meaning recall experience, but also enhances the detail recall experience, but there is no important-detail tradeoff effect in emotional memory, while the self-relevance test and delay test have no effect on the tradeoff effect of emotional memory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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