【摘要】：心智游移(mind-wandering),即我們俗稱的走神、白日夢,是一種注意偏離當(dāng)前任務(wù)目標而轉(zhuǎn)向內(nèi)源性的信息的心理現(xiàn)象。通常在任務(wù)中出現(xiàn)的心智游移會干擾個體的當(dāng)前任務(wù)表現(xiàn),降低個體的工作效率。但是作為一種占據(jù)人們清醒時間50%的意識體驗,心智游移具有重要的適應(yīng)性功能。心智游移可以作為意識思維和容量無限的無意識思維之間的橋梁,同自我意識相關(guān),幫助個體維持一種過去、現(xiàn)在、將來的連續(xù)感,而且心智游移對創(chuàng)造力和問題解決能力有一定的促進作用。雖然心智游移與創(chuàng)造力之間的關(guān)系已經(jīng)得到了很多研究者的關(guān)注,但是這些研究大部分僅僅局限于心智游移和創(chuàng)造力之間的關(guān)系,并沒有考慮第三變量的影響。工作記憶是否作為一種調(diào)節(jié)變量影響心智游移同創(chuàng)造力之間的關(guān)系?心智游移有著穩(wěn)定的個體差異,如果心智游移作為一種個人特質(zhì)獨立于工作記憶容量之外對創(chuàng)造力產(chǎn)生影響,是否不同心智游移特質(zhì)的個體都能從心智游移中獲益?本研究將從這兩方面探索心智游移對創(chuàng)造力的認知功能作用。 本研究從心智游移的個人特質(zhì)和暫時意識狀態(tài)兩個維度來考察心智游移對創(chuàng)造力的促進作用。研究一通過心智游移頻率調(diào)查問卷、測量工作記憶容量的OSPAN任務(wù)和測量個體創(chuàng)造力水平的UUT任務(wù)來研究心智游移、工作記憶容量和創(chuàng)造力之間的關(guān)系,考察是否工作記憶容量作為調(diào)節(jié)變量影響心智游移同創(chuàng)造力之間的關(guān)系。研究二通過行為實驗對比在給予心智游移機會、不給于心智游移機會兩種水平下,不同心智游移頻率特質(zhì)的個體在創(chuàng)造力表現(xiàn)上的差異。 研究得出了以下主要結(jié)論：1)個體的心智游移特質(zhì)同創(chuàng)造力表現(xiàn)之間呈正相關(guān),即心智游移頻率越高的被試,在創(chuàng)造力任務(wù)上的表現(xiàn)越好。2)心智游移獨立于工作記憶容量之外對創(chuàng)造力產(chǎn)生影響。3)高頻心智游移特質(zhì)的個體能夠更好的從心智游移中獲益。
[Abstract]:Mental wandering (mind-wandering), commonly known as disillusionment and daydreaming, is a psychological phenomenon that pays attention to deviating from the goals of the current task and turns to intrinsic information. Usually, the mental movement in the task will interfere with the current task performance of the individual and reduce the work efficiency of the individual. However, as a 50% conscious experience, mental migration has an important adaptive function. Mental mobility can be used as a bridge between conscious thinking and unconscious thinking with unlimited capacity, related to self-consciousness, and helps individuals maintain a sense of continuity in the past, present, and future. Moreover, mental mobility can promote creativity and problem-solving ability to a certain extent. Although the relationship between mental mobility and creativity has been paid attention to by many researchers, most of these studies are limited to the relationship between mental mobility and creativity, and do not consider the influence of the third variable. Does working memory affect the relationship between mental mobility and creativity as a regulatory variable? Mental migration has stable individual differences. If mental migration as a personal trait independent of working memory capacity has an impact on creativity, can individuals with different mental wandering traits benefit from mental migration? This study will explore the cognitive function of mental migration on creativity from these two aspects. This study examines the promoting effect of mental migration on creativity from two dimensions: the personal characteristics of mental migration and the temporary state of consciousness. In this study, the relationship between mental mobility, working memory capacity and creativity was studied by using the OSPAN task to measure the working memory capacity and the UUT task to measure the level of individual creativity through the mental mobility frequency questionnaire. To investigate whether working memory capacity as a regulatory variable affects the relationship between mental mobility and creativity. In the second study, behavioral experiments were used to compare the differences in creative performance of individuals with different mental wandering frequency traits at the level of giving mental wandering opportunities and not giving mental wandering opportunities. The main conclusions are as follows: 1) there is a positive correlation between individual mental mobility traits and creative performance, that is, the higher the frequency of mental migration, The better the performance in creative tasks. 2) Mental migration independent of working memory capacity has an impact on creativity. 3) individuals with high frequency mental mobility traits can better benefit from mental migration.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.3

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