自我調(diào)控資源對(duì)限制性飲食者進(jìn)食行為的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-05-20 17:36
【摘要】：貪食癥作為一種典型的飲食失調(diào),近年來(lái)在我國(guó)越來(lái)越多受到關(guān)注。限制性飲食(Restricted Eating)是指?jìng)�(gè)體為了控制體重,長(zhǎng)期嚴(yán)格地控制進(jìn)食的慢性節(jié)食行為。以往研究表明,與非限制性飲食者相比,限制性飲食者反而更容易過(guò)量進(jìn)食,并進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致貪食癥等問(wèn)題飲食行為。 早期對(duì)限制性飲食者過(guò)量進(jìn)食機(jī)制的探討關(guān)注其對(duì)內(nèi)部線索的敏感性,如飲食邊界模型(Boundary Model)。該模型認(rèn)為,相較饑餓或飽感等生理過(guò)程而言,認(rèn)知過(guò)程在限制性飲食者調(diào)控進(jìn)食行為中起了更重要的作用,尤其是他們?yōu)樽约喝藶樵O(shè)定的“節(jié)食邊界”。在一定條件下,他們由于突破了該認(rèn)知邊界而導(dǎo)致過(guò)量進(jìn)食�？疾煜拗菩燥嬍痴邨l件性過(guò)量進(jìn)食的自我調(diào)控資源剝奪范式通常讓被試通過(guò)完成認(rèn)知任務(wù)以剝奪其自我調(diào)控資源,之后或同時(shí)進(jìn)行“口味測(cè)試(Taste-test)”以測(cè)量進(jìn)食量。該類研究結(jié)果均發(fā)現(xiàn)認(rèn)知資源剝奪顯著預(yù)測(cè)了限制性飲食者的過(guò)量進(jìn)食,而對(duì)非限制性飲食者無(wú)顯著影響,支持飲食邊界模型。近年來(lái),越來(lái)越多研究者采用目標(biāo)矛盾模型來(lái)解釋限制性飲食者的條件性過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為,認(rèn)為限制性飲食者長(zhǎng)期面對(duì)進(jìn)食享樂(lè)目標(biāo)和體重維持目標(biāo)。在面對(duì)高熱量美味食物線索時(shí),進(jìn)食享樂(lè)目標(biāo)的激活抑制了體重控制目標(biāo),主導(dǎo)了其進(jìn)食活動(dòng),因而誘發(fā)過(guò)量進(jìn)食。 然而已有關(guān)于限制性飲食者過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為的研究結(jié)論存在爭(zhēng)議。首先,貪食癥風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素模型雙路徑模型不完全支持限制性飲食路徑對(duì)貪食癥傾向的預(yù)測(cè)。Stice的雙路徑模型認(rèn)為,身體不滿意和瘦身壓力通過(guò)負(fù)性情緒和限制性飲食兩條通路預(yù)測(cè)了貪食癥傾向,大量對(duì)該模型的檢驗(yàn)均支持負(fù)性情緒路徑,而限制性飲食路徑的預(yù)測(cè)作用結(jié)果存在不一致,暗示限制性飲食路徑或許存在更復(fù)雜的內(nèi)在過(guò)程。其次,限制性飲食者的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為研究結(jié)果也不一致,如有研究表明,限制性飲食者中存在更加“成功”的限制性飲食個(gè)體,在條件性進(jìn)食中預(yù)測(cè)了更少的進(jìn)食量。目標(biāo)矛盾理論認(rèn)為,部分限制性飲食者由于在面對(duì)享樂(lè)食物信息時(shí)反復(fù)介入自我控制,可能形成享樂(lè)食物信息和體重維持目標(biāo)的自動(dòng)聯(lián)結(jié),從而促進(jìn)更加成功的節(jié)食行為,然而少有研究證明這一假設(shè)。此外,由限制性飲食量表(RS)、荷蘭人飲食行為量表(DEBQ)、三因素飲食問(wèn)卷(TFEQ)等不同量表篩選的限制性飲食者存在進(jìn)食行為傾向的差異,比如量表分析結(jié)果表明,RS量表更傾向于篩選出“節(jié)食失敗”的個(gè)體,可能造成限制性飲食者的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為研究結(jié)果的混淆。 前人對(duì)限制性飲食者過(guò)量進(jìn)食的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行了一步探索,發(fā)現(xiàn)具有高去抑制進(jìn)食傾向的限制性飲食者對(duì)高能美味食物線索具有更高的反應(yīng)指標(biāo)水平,并預(yù)測(cè)了更多的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為,表明認(rèn)知上的節(jié)食傾向或許并不能單獨(dú)預(yù)測(cè)節(jié)食失敗,應(yīng)該進(jìn)一步結(jié)合個(gè)體認(rèn)知上的去抑制性來(lái)看其對(duì)過(guò)量進(jìn)食的預(yù)測(cè)。去抑制進(jìn)食(Disinhibited eating)指?jìng)�(gè)體在食物豐富的環(huán)境中的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為傾向,其標(biāo)志特點(diǎn)為在食物豐富情境下極易誘發(fā)的情緒性進(jìn)食和外部性進(jìn)食。該指標(biāo)是否能作為限制性飲食通往貪食癥傾向的預(yù)測(cè)因素?去抑制性水平不同的限制性飲食者是否具有行為指標(biāo)的差異因而導(dǎo)致了更加成功或失敗的節(jié)食行為,他們是否會(huì)在典型的自我調(diào)控資源剝奪條件下產(chǎn)生過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為?這是本研究關(guān)注的問(wèn)題。 本研究采用兩種研究方法(問(wèn)卷調(diào)查、行為研究),采用考察限制性飲食者過(guò)量進(jìn)食的經(jīng)典范式——自我調(diào)控資源剝奪范式考察了限制性飲食者的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為的預(yù)測(cè)。在去抑制進(jìn)食的測(cè)量指標(biāo)上,將荷蘭人飲食量表(DEBQ)中的情緒性進(jìn)食分量表和外部性進(jìn)食分量表相結(jié)合作為被試的去抑制進(jìn)食水平及分組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。 研究一考察了貪食癥預(yù)測(cè)經(jīng)典模型-——Stice的雙路徑模型在增加去抑制進(jìn)食變量后的適應(yīng)性,發(fā)現(xiàn)該模型在中國(guó)女大學(xué)生中具有良好適應(yīng)性,且限制性飲食路徑在增加去抑制進(jìn)食變量前未顯著預(yù)測(cè)貪食癥傾向,而增加該變量后顯著預(yù)測(cè)了貪食癥傾向。研究一為將該變量作為限制性飲食高低去抑制分組標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)一步考察去抑制進(jìn)食水平不同的限制性飲食者在自我調(diào)控資源剝奪條件下的進(jìn)食行為提供了證據(jù)支持。 研究二基于飲食的目標(biāo)矛盾模型,采用自我調(diào)控資源剝奪范式,采用2(自我調(diào)控資源完整、自我調(diào)控資源剝奪×2(限制性飲食者、非限制性飲食者)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)考察了限制性飲食者和非限制性飲食者的進(jìn)食行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)限制性飲食者在資源完整條件下與非限制性飲食者進(jìn)食量無(wú)顯著差異,而在資源剝奪條件下進(jìn)食量顯著高于非限制性飲食者,符合飲食邊界模型和飲食目標(biāo)矛盾模型關(guān)于自我調(diào)控資源不足條件下限制性飲食者進(jìn)食行為的假設(shè)。 研究三進(jìn)一步將研究二中的限制性飲食者劃分為高去抑制進(jìn)食組和低去抑制進(jìn)食組,采用2(自我調(diào)控資源完整、自我調(diào)控資源剝奪)×3(高去抑制進(jìn)食限制性飲食組、低去抑制進(jìn)食限制性飲食組、非限制性飲食組)考察限制性飲食者的不同去抑制進(jìn)食水平在自我調(diào)控資源剝奪條件下的進(jìn)食量差異,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)高去抑制性限制性飲食者在資源剝奪后進(jìn)食量顯著高于低去抑制性限制性飲食者及非限制性飲食者,支持了目標(biāo)矛盾模型關(guān)于更加“成功”的限制性飲食個(gè)體在認(rèn)知資源不足條件下進(jìn)食行為的假設(shè)。 本研究證明了限制性飲食者在自我調(diào)控資源條件下的過(guò)量進(jìn)食行為,首次發(fā)現(xiàn)去抑制進(jìn)食變量調(diào)節(jié)了限制性飲食通往貪食癥的預(yù)測(cè)作用,以及去抑制進(jìn)食變量對(duì)限制性飲食者過(guò)量進(jìn)食的預(yù)測(cè)。理論上,本研究有助于深入探索限制性飲食者節(jié)食失敗的內(nèi)部過(guò)程,進(jìn)一步豐富和完善限制性飲食通往貪食癥的預(yù)測(cè)模型。實(shí)踐上,本研究為限制性飲食個(gè)體預(yù)測(cè)貪食癥傾向提供了實(shí)驗(yàn)支持,為今后有針對(duì)性地預(yù)防和開(kāi)展飲食失調(diào)干預(yù)活動(dòng)提供了一定的理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:As a typical eating disorder, bulimia has been more and more concerned in recent years. Restricted Eating refers to the chronic diet that the individual controls to eat for a long time in order to control the body weight. Previous studies have shown that, as compared to non-restrictive dieters, the restricted diet is more likely to eat more easily and further lead to a diet such as bulimia. In the early stage, the study of the mechanism of excessive eating of the restricted diet concerns its sensitivity to the internal cues, such as the dietary boundary model (Boundary Model). The model is of the view that the cognitive process plays a more important role in the regulation and eating behavior of the restricted dieters than the physiological processes such as hunger or satiety, especially those that they set for themselves. >. Under certain conditions, they are overrepresented by breaking through the cognitive boundary Food. The self-regulatory resource-deprivation paradigm that examines the conditioned overfeed of a restricted diet typically allows the trial to be tested by completing a cognitive task to deprive it of its self-regulatory resources, followed by, or at the same time, a "taste test" to measure food consumption The results of this study found that the deprivation of cognitive resources significantly predicted the overeating of the restricted diet and had no significant effect on the non-limiting diet and supported the dietary boundary model. In recent years, more and more researchers have used a target-contradictory model to explain the conditional overfeeding behavior of a restricted diet, which is considered to be a long-term food-eating target and body weight maintenance. in that face of a high-calorie delicious food lead, the activation of the food-and-enjoyment target inhibits the weight control target and leads to its eating activity, thus inducing an excess of intake Food. However, there has been a study on the excessive eating behavior of a restricted diet. In that first place, the two-path model of the risk factor model of the bulimia does not fully support the restriction of the restrictive diet path to the propensity for bulimia. The predicted. Stice's two-path model is that the body is not satisfied and the body weight pressure is predicted by the negative emotion and the restrictive diet two paths, and a large number of tests on the model support the negative emotional path, and the predicted effect of the restrictive diet path is present. Inconsistent, suggesting that the restrictive diet path may be more complex In the course of the process, the results of the study of the excessive eating behavior of the restricted diet were also inconsistent, and if the study showed that there were more "success" of restricted dietary individuals in the restricted diet, less was predicted in the conditional feed. The target-contradictory theory is that some of the restricted dieters can form a more successful diet because of the repeated intervention of self-control in the face of the information on the enjoyment of food, which may result in more successful dieting, but few studies have shown that One hypothesis. In addition, there was a difference in the propensity of eating behavior to be included in a restricted diet, such as a scale analysis junction, screened by a different scale, such as a restricted diet scale (RS), a Dutch dietary behavior scale (DEBQ), a three-factor diet questionnaire (TFEQ), and the like. The results show that the RS scale is more inclined to screen the individual of the "diet failure", which may result in the study of the excessive eating behavior of the restricted dieters. The risk factors of excessive eating of the restrictive diet were explored in one step, and it was found that the restrictive diet with high inhibition of eating tendency had higher level of reaction index for high-energy and delicious food lead and predicted more. The amount of eating behavior, which indicates that the cognitive dieting tendency may not be able to predict the failure of the diet alone, should be further combined with the individual's cognitive disinhibition to see that it is excessive The prediction of eating. Desuppressed eating refers to the tendency of the individual to overeat in a food-rich environment, marked by an extremely emotional food that is easily induced in a food-rich context. Externality eating. Can the index serve as a restricted diet to the propensity for bulimia Predictors? The difference in the level of de-inhibition is that the difference in behavior indicators has led to a more successful or failed diet, and whether they will be created under the conditions of a typical self-regulatory resource The amount of food? It's the study. In this study, two kinds of research methods (questionnaire, behavior study) were used to study the excess food consumption of the restricted diet, and the self-control resource deprivation paradigm was used to investigate the excess of the restricted diet. The prediction of eating behavior. On the measurement index to inhibit the eating, the emotional eating component table and the external feeding component table in the Dutch Dietetic Scale (DEBQ) are combined to be used as the test to inhibit the eating. The model was found to be in China's female university. There is good adaptability in the raw material, and the restrictive dietary path does not significantly predict the tendency of the bulimia before increasing the inhibition of the eating variable, and the addition of the variable is significant. The study is to study the effect of the variable as a restrictive diet to inhibit the eating of different restricted dieters under the condition of self-regulation and resource deprivation. The behavior provides evidence support. To study the target contradiction model based on the diet, adopt the self-control resource deprivation paradigm, and adopt 2 (self-control resources complete and self-control resources). Deprivation of diet 2 (non-limiting diet, non-limiting diet) was designed to investigate the eating behavior of a restricted diet and a non-limiting diet, and a non-limiting diet was found to be non-limiting in terms of resource integrity There was no significant difference in the feeding amount of the diet, while the food consumption was significantly higher than that of the non-limiting diet under the condition of resource deprivation, and it was in accordance with the dietary boundary model and the dietary target contradiction model, which was limited under the condition of self-regulation of the resource. The hypothesis of eating behavior in a sex diet is to study the hypothesis that the non-limiting dieters in the second study are divided into a high-deregulated feeding group and a low-deregulated feeding group, and 2 (self-regulating and self-regulating resources are complete, self-regulating and resource-deprivation) are adopted to suppress the eating restriction diet group. The non-restricted diet group (non-restricted diet group) examined the different deregulated eating levels of the restricted diet in self-regulation. The difference of food intake under the condition of resource deprivation, the results showed that the amount of food intake was significantly higher than that of the low-depressor-restricted diet and the non-limiting dieters after the resource-deprivation, and the target-contradictory model was supported in the cognitive resources of more-"success" restricted-diet individuals. The hypothesis of eating behavior under the condition of insufficient source. This study has demonstrated the excessive eating behavior of the restricted dieters under the condition of self-regulation and resource, and the first time it has been found that the inhibition of the eating variable regulates the predictive effect of the restricted diet on the satiety, and to inhibit the eating change. In theory, this study can help to explore the internal process of diet failure in the restricted diet, and further enrich and improve the diet. In practice, this study provides experimental support for the tendency of the restricted diet to predict the tendency of bulimia, in order to prevent and carry out dietary loss in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848
本文編號(hào)：2481821
[Abstract]:As a typical eating disorder, bulimia has been more and more concerned in recent years. Restricted Eating refers to the chronic diet that the individual controls to eat for a long time in order to control the body weight. Previous studies have shown that, as compared to non-restrictive dieters, the restricted diet is more likely to eat more easily and further lead to a diet such as bulimia. In the early stage, the study of the mechanism of excessive eating of the restricted diet concerns its sensitivity to the internal cues, such as the dietary boundary model (Boundary Model). The model is of the view that the cognitive process plays a more important role in the regulation and eating behavior of the restricted dieters than the physiological processes such as hunger or satiety, especially those that they set for themselves. >. Under certain conditions, they are overrepresented by breaking through the cognitive boundary Food. The self-regulatory resource-deprivation paradigm that examines the conditioned overfeed of a restricted diet typically allows the trial to be tested by completing a cognitive task to deprive it of its self-regulatory resources, followed by, or at the same time, a "taste test" to measure food consumption The results of this study found that the deprivation of cognitive resources significantly predicted the overeating of the restricted diet and had no significant effect on the non-limiting diet and supported the dietary boundary model. In recent years, more and more researchers have used a target-contradictory model to explain the conditional overfeeding behavior of a restricted diet, which is considered to be a long-term food-eating target and body weight maintenance. in that face of a high-calorie delicious food lead, the activation of the food-and-enjoyment target inhibits the weight control target and leads to its eating activity, thus inducing an excess of intake Food. However, there has been a study on the excessive eating behavior of a restricted diet. In that first place, the two-path model of the risk factor model of the bulimia does not fully support the restriction of the restrictive diet path to the propensity for bulimia. The predicted. Stice's two-path model is that the body is not satisfied and the body weight pressure is predicted by the negative emotion and the restrictive diet two paths, and a large number of tests on the model support the negative emotional path, and the predicted effect of the restrictive diet path is present. Inconsistent, suggesting that the restrictive diet path may be more complex In the course of the process, the results of the study of the excessive eating behavior of the restricted diet were also inconsistent, and if the study showed that there were more "success" of restricted dietary individuals in the restricted diet, less was predicted in the conditional feed. The target-contradictory theory is that some of the restricted dieters can form a more successful diet because of the repeated intervention of self-control in the face of the information on the enjoyment of food, which may result in more successful dieting, but few studies have shown that One hypothesis. In addition, there was a difference in the propensity of eating behavior to be included in a restricted diet, such as a scale analysis junction, screened by a different scale, such as a restricted diet scale (RS), a Dutch dietary behavior scale (DEBQ), a three-factor diet questionnaire (TFEQ), and the like. The results show that the RS scale is more inclined to screen the individual of the "diet failure", which may result in the study of the excessive eating behavior of the restricted dieters. The risk factors of excessive eating of the restrictive diet were explored in one step, and it was found that the restrictive diet with high inhibition of eating tendency had higher level of reaction index for high-energy and delicious food lead and predicted more. The amount of eating behavior, which indicates that the cognitive dieting tendency may not be able to predict the failure of the diet alone, should be further combined with the individual's cognitive disinhibition to see that it is excessive The prediction of eating. Desuppressed eating refers to the tendency of the individual to overeat in a food-rich environment, marked by an extremely emotional food that is easily induced in a food-rich context. Externality eating. Can the index serve as a restricted diet to the propensity for bulimia Predictors? The difference in the level of de-inhibition is that the difference in behavior indicators has led to a more successful or failed diet, and whether they will be created under the conditions of a typical self-regulatory resource The amount of food? It's the study. In this study, two kinds of research methods (questionnaire, behavior study) were used to study the excess food consumption of the restricted diet, and the self-control resource deprivation paradigm was used to investigate the excess of the restricted diet. The prediction of eating behavior. On the measurement index to inhibit the eating, the emotional eating component table and the external feeding component table in the Dutch Dietetic Scale (DEBQ) are combined to be used as the test to inhibit the eating. The model was found to be in China's female university. There is good adaptability in the raw material, and the restrictive dietary path does not significantly predict the tendency of the bulimia before increasing the inhibition of the eating variable, and the addition of the variable is significant. The study is to study the effect of the variable as a restrictive diet to inhibit the eating of different restricted dieters under the condition of self-regulation and resource deprivation. The behavior provides evidence support. To study the target contradiction model based on the diet, adopt the self-control resource deprivation paradigm, and adopt 2 (self-control resources complete and self-control resources). Deprivation of diet 2 (non-limiting diet, non-limiting diet) was designed to investigate the eating behavior of a restricted diet and a non-limiting diet, and a non-limiting diet was found to be non-limiting in terms of resource integrity There was no significant difference in the feeding amount of the diet, while the food consumption was significantly higher than that of the non-limiting diet under the condition of resource deprivation, and it was in accordance with the dietary boundary model and the dietary target contradiction model, which was limited under the condition of self-regulation of the resource. The hypothesis of eating behavior in a sex diet is to study the hypothesis that the non-limiting dieters in the second study are divided into a high-deregulated feeding group and a low-deregulated feeding group, and 2 (self-regulating and self-regulating resources are complete, self-regulating and resource-deprivation) are adopted to suppress the eating restriction diet group. The non-restricted diet group (non-restricted diet group) examined the different deregulated eating levels of the restricted diet in self-regulation. The difference of food intake under the condition of resource deprivation, the results showed that the amount of food intake was significantly higher than that of the low-depressor-restricted diet and the non-limiting dieters after the resource-deprivation, and the target-contradictory model was supported in the cognitive resources of more-"success" restricted-diet individuals. The hypothesis of eating behavior under the condition of insufficient source. This study has demonstrated the excessive eating behavior of the restricted dieters under the condition of self-regulation and resource, and the first time it has been found that the inhibition of the eating variable regulates the predictive effect of the restricted diet on the satiety, and to inhibit the eating change. In theory, this study can help to explore the internal process of diet failure in the restricted diet, and further enrich and improve the diet. In practice, this study provides experimental support for the tendency of the restricted diet to predict the tendency of bulimia, in order to prevent and carry out dietary loss in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B848
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