紅色在不同社會情境下對時間知覺的影響
發(fā)布時間：2019-05-20 16:58
【摘要】：時間知覺是一個非常宏觀的概念�；\統(tǒng)地說,它是指個體對時間的感知(范圍從1秒以下到年)。這種感知受到個體內部(如性別、年齡、情緒等)和外部環(huán)境(如音樂、壓力源、性信息等)的共同影響。時間知覺對個體生存具有極其重要的作用。以往研究發(fā)現(xiàn),許多因素都會影響個體的時間知覺;顏色也不例外。然而,以往的研究對顏色影響時間知覺的結果并不統(tǒng)一;有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)紅色會使時間知覺變快,而有研究的結果恰好相反。對比于其他顏色(如藍色、綠色等),紅色會導致更強的激活,更加吸引個體的注意。根據注意閘門理論,個體分配給非時間信息的注意資源越多,分配給時間信息的注意資源就會減少;因此感知到時間過地更快。并且,根據顏色情境理論,紅色在不同社會情境下會產生不同的心理行為效應。因此,本研究想來探討紅色對時間知覺的影響,以及社會情境對效應的調節(jié)作用。實驗一的目的是要探討不同的顏色是否會對時間知覺產生影響,并且這種影響是否收到社會情境的調節(jié)。研究采用言語報告范式,自變量為顏色(紅色或藍色)和社會情境(面試情境或約會情境),因變量為被試報告的時距長短(以秒為單位)。被試在閱讀完情境情境啟動的指導語后,觀察帶有顏色信息的圖片(10秒),在圖片播放結束之后立刻報告對時距長短的估計。結果表明,被試在紅色(對比藍色)條件下估計到更短的時距,并且這種現(xiàn)象受到情境的調節(jié);被試在約會情境下報告的時距短于在面試情境下的。實驗二的目的是要探討不同的顏色詞是否會對時間知覺產生影響,并且這種影響是否會受到社會情境的調節(jié)。研究采用言語報告范式,自變量為顏色詞(“紅色”或“綠色”)和社會情境(面試情境或約會情境),因變量為被試報告的時距長短(以秒為單位)。被試在閱讀完包含情境啟動和顏色詞的指導語后(15秒),立即對指導語的播放時長進行估計。該研究結果并未發(fā)現(xiàn)顏色影響時間知覺。實驗三的目的是要重復驗證實驗一的結果并且進一步探討了可能的中介變量:情緒和動機。自變量為顏色(紅色或藍色)和情境(面試或約會),因變量為被試報告的時距長短(以秒為單位)。被試在閱讀完情境情境啟動的指導語后,觀察帶有顏色信息的圖片(10秒),在圖片播放結束之后立刻報告對時距長短的估計。之后,被試對自己的情緒狀態(tài)進行評定,并且完成整體-局部思維測驗。結果表明,被試在紅色(對比藍色)條件下估計到更短的時距,并且這種現(xiàn)象受到情境的調節(jié);被試在約會情境下報告的時距短于在面試情境下的。然而,進一步分析發(fā)現(xiàn)情緒和動機的中介效應均不顯著。對實驗一和實驗三結果的元分析匯集了來自兩項實驗的四個效應量(共計198名被試)。結果表明表明紅色可以加速被試的時間知覺,使其報告的主觀時距變短;社會情境對時間知覺產生調節(jié)作用�；谏鲜鼋Y果,本研究得到以下結論:1.紅色會加快時間知覺,并且這種效應受到情境的調節(jié)影響;2.紅色詞未能像紅色一樣產生同樣的效果;3.紅色加快時間知覺,情緒和動機未能產生中介效應。
[Abstract]:Time perception is a very macro concept. In general, it refers to the individual's perception of time (range from 1 second to year). This perception is influenced by the individual's internal (e.g., gender, age, mood, etc.) and the external environment (e.g., music, pressure source, sex information, etc.). Time perception plays an important role in the individual's survival. Previous studies have found that many factors affect the individual's time perception; the color is no exception. However, the results of the previous studies on the perception of the color-affected time are not uniform; it has been found that the red will make the time perception fast, and the results of the study are the opposite. In contrast to other colors (such as blue, green, etc.), the red will lead to stronger activation and attract more attention to the individual. According to the attention gate theory, the more attention resources allocated to the non-time information by the individual, the more the attention resources allocated to the time information are reduced; therefore, the time is perceived to be too fast. In addition, according to the color context theory, the red can produce different psychological behavior effects in different social situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of red on time perception and the effect of social situation on effect. The purpose of the experiment was to explore if different colors would have an impact on time perception, and whether the effect received a social context adjustment. The study adopts the language report form, the independent variable is the color (red or blue) and the social situation (interview situation or date context), and the variable is the length of the time interval (in seconds) of the test report. After reading the guidance language of the situation, the participants observed a picture with color information (10 seconds), and immediately reported the estimation of the time-to-time interval after the end of the picture. The results showed that the participants estimated a shorter time interval under the condition of red (contrast blue), and the phenomenon was conditioned by the situation; the time interval of the subjects under the date of the appointment was shorter than in the interview. The purpose of the experiment is to explore whether different color words can influence the time perception, and whether the influence can be adjusted by the social situation. The study adopts the language report form, the independent variable is the color word ("Red" or "green") and the social situation (interview situation or date context), and the variable is the length of the time of the test report (in seconds). After reading the guidance language (15 seconds) containing the context start-up and color words, the participants immediately estimated the duration of the guide. The results of this study did not find that the color affects time perception. The purpose of the experiment is to repeat the results of the validation experiment and to further explore possible intermediate variables: mood and motivation. The argument is the color (red or blue) and the context (interview or appointment) because the variable is the length of the time from which the report is to be tried (in seconds). After reading the guidance language of the situation, the participants observed a picture with color information (10 seconds), and immediately reported the estimation of the time-to-time interval after the end of the picture. After that, the participants assessed their emotional state and completed the overall-local thinking test. The results showed that the participants estimated a shorter time interval under the condition of red (contrast blue), and the phenomenon was conditioned by the situation; the time interval of the subjects under the date of the appointment was shorter than in the interview. However, further analysis found that the intermediate effect of emotion and motivation was not significant. The meta-analysis of experimental one and three results brought together four effects from both experiments (a total of 198 subjects). The results show that the red can accelerate the time perception of the participants, make the subjective time distance of the report shorter, and the social situation can adjust the time perception. Based on the above results, the present study results in the following conclusions:1. Red will speed time perception, and this effect is affected by the conditioning of the situation;2. The red word fails to produce the same effect as red;3. Red accelerated time perception, emotion and motivation failed to produce an intermediate effect.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.2
本文編號：2481796
[Abstract]:Time perception is a very macro concept. In general, it refers to the individual's perception of time (range from 1 second to year). This perception is influenced by the individual's internal (e.g., gender, age, mood, etc.) and the external environment (e.g., music, pressure source, sex information, etc.). Time perception plays an important role in the individual's survival. Previous studies have found that many factors affect the individual's time perception; the color is no exception. However, the results of the previous studies on the perception of the color-affected time are not uniform; it has been found that the red will make the time perception fast, and the results of the study are the opposite. In contrast to other colors (such as blue, green, etc.), the red will lead to stronger activation and attract more attention to the individual. According to the attention gate theory, the more attention resources allocated to the non-time information by the individual, the more the attention resources allocated to the time information are reduced; therefore, the time is perceived to be too fast. In addition, according to the color context theory, the red can produce different psychological behavior effects in different social situations. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the effect of red on time perception and the effect of social situation on effect. The purpose of the experiment was to explore if different colors would have an impact on time perception, and whether the effect received a social context adjustment. The study adopts the language report form, the independent variable is the color (red or blue) and the social situation (interview situation or date context), and the variable is the length of the time interval (in seconds) of the test report. After reading the guidance language of the situation, the participants observed a picture with color information (10 seconds), and immediately reported the estimation of the time-to-time interval after the end of the picture. The results showed that the participants estimated a shorter time interval under the condition of red (contrast blue), and the phenomenon was conditioned by the situation; the time interval of the subjects under the date of the appointment was shorter than in the interview. The purpose of the experiment is to explore whether different color words can influence the time perception, and whether the influence can be adjusted by the social situation. The study adopts the language report form, the independent variable is the color word ("Red" or "green") and the social situation (interview situation or date context), and the variable is the length of the time of the test report (in seconds). After reading the guidance language (15 seconds) containing the context start-up and color words, the participants immediately estimated the duration of the guide. The results of this study did not find that the color affects time perception. The purpose of the experiment is to repeat the results of the validation experiment and to further explore possible intermediate variables: mood and motivation. The argument is the color (red or blue) and the context (interview or appointment) because the variable is the length of the time from which the report is to be tried (in seconds). After reading the guidance language of the situation, the participants observed a picture with color information (10 seconds), and immediately reported the estimation of the time-to-time interval after the end of the picture. After that, the participants assessed their emotional state and completed the overall-local thinking test. The results showed that the participants estimated a shorter time interval under the condition of red (contrast blue), and the phenomenon was conditioned by the situation; the time interval of the subjects under the date of the appointment was shorter than in the interview. However, further analysis found that the intermediate effect of emotion and motivation was not significant. The meta-analysis of experimental one and three results brought together four effects from both experiments (a total of 198 subjects). The results show that the red can accelerate the time perception of the participants, make the subjective time distance of the report shorter, and the social situation can adjust the time perception. Based on the above results, the present study results in the following conclusions:1. Red will speed time perception, and this effect is affected by the conditioning of the situation;2. The red word fails to produce the same effect as red;3. Red accelerated time perception, emotion and motivation failed to produce an intermediate effect.
【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842.2
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