【摘要】：傳統(tǒng)歸類理論主要關(guān)注概念學(xué)習(xí)與概念加工的認(rèn)知方面,但對其情緒方面卻關(guān)注較少。與之相反,情緒反應(yīng)歸類理論主張概念是基于特定情緒反應(yīng)的,因此相關(guān)的情感體驗(yàn)會自動導(dǎo)致概念空間的重組,進(jìn)而促使觀察者將喚起相同類型情緒反應(yīng)的刺激組織起來,視其為“同種事物”。(Niedenthal, Halberstadt,Innes-Ker,1999) 為了在漢語語境中檢驗(yàn)這一情緒反應(yīng)歸類效應(yīng),并且采用不同于以往這類實(shí)驗(yàn)中所采用的相似性檢驗(yàn)的方法,本研究中通過一系列預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)開發(fā)了一種新的概念歸類范式,其中被試需要判斷一個“目標(biāo)”概念是否與另兩個本身屬于一類的“比較”概念同屬一類。在這三個詞語所構(gòu)成的詞語組中,有些時候目標(biāo)概念是與特定情緒相關(guān)的,有些時候兩個比較概念與特定情緒相關(guān),而有些時候三者都與特定情緒相關(guān)。正式實(shí)驗(yàn)包含三個子實(shí)驗(yàn),其中通過情緒電影片段(實(shí)驗(yàn)一和實(shí)驗(yàn)二)或通過面部表情操縱(實(shí)驗(yàn)三)來誘發(fā)被試的情緒狀態(tài)。在實(shí)驗(yàn)一中,被分入不同情緒操縱組的被試觀看完一段悲傷影片、厭惡影片或中性影片后完成一個組塊的概念歸類任務(wù)；在實(shí)驗(yàn)二中,被試先在自然狀態(tài)下完成一個組塊的概念歸類任務(wù),隨后觀看兩段厭惡影片或愉快影片,然后再完成一個組塊的概念歸類任務(wù)；在實(shí)驗(yàn)三中,通過面部表情操縱程序以一種間接而微妙的方式喚起被試的情緒狀態(tài)(厭惡或中性)后要求被試完成概念歸類任務(wù)。 本研究所得出的主要發(fā)現(xiàn)的結(jié)論如下： 1.處在悲傷、厭惡和愉快情緒狀態(tài)下的個體,與處在中性狀態(tài)下的個體相比,不僅更多地將與同種情緒相關(guān)的概念歸為一類,而且更多地將不屬于同種情緒的概念視為不同類的。 2.在特定情緒狀態(tài)下的個體對于與其情緒狀態(tài)相對應(yīng)的情緒反應(yīng)類別更加敏感,而對于其它情緒反應(yīng)類別則較不敏感。 3.情緒狀態(tài)的變化導(dǎo)致概念歸類模式的變化。在經(jīng)過愉快或厭惡情緒操縱之后,情緒反應(yīng)歸類的比率比操縱之前有所增加。 4.處在由面部反饋操縱程序喚起的特定情緒狀態(tài)之下,個體會更多地按照情緒反應(yīng)類別進(jìn)行歸類,即使他們無法報告出誘發(fā)其情緒的真實(shí)來源。 以上結(jié)果進(jìn)一步支持了情緒反應(yīng)歸類的理論,并有助于加深對情緒與高級認(rèn)知之間的交互作用以及具身情緒的理解。
[Abstract]:The traditional classification theory mainly focuses on the cognitive aspects of concept learning and concept processing, but pays less attention to its emotion. On the contrary, the classification theory of emotional response argues that concepts are based on specific emotional responses, so the related emotional experience automatically leads to the reorganization of conceptual space, which in turn urges the observer to organize the stimuli that evoke the same type of emotional response. In order to test the classification effect of emotional response in Chinese context,. (Niedenthal, Halberstadt,Innes-Ker,1999 is regarded as "the same thing", and the similarity test method used in this kind of experiment is different from that used in the previous experiments. In this study, a new conceptual classification paradigm was developed through a series of pre-experiments, in which the subjects needed to judge whether a "goal" concept belonged to the same category as the other two "comparative" concepts. In the group of words composed of these three words, sometimes the concept of goal is related to specific emotion, sometimes the two comparative concepts are related to specific emotion, and sometimes all three are related to specific emotion. The formal experiment consists of three sub-experiments, in which emotional film fragments (experiment 1 and experiment 2) or facial expression manipulation (experiment 3) are used to induce the emotional state of the subjects. In experiment 1, the subjects who were divided into different emotion manipulation groups watched a sad film, hated the film or neutral film, and completed the conceptual classification of a block. In experiment 2, the subjects first completed the conceptual classification task of a block in the natural state, then watched two aversion movies or pleasant films, and then completed the conceptual classification task of a block. In experiment 3, the subjects were asked to complete the conceptual classification task after arousing the emotional state (aversion or neutrality) in an indirect and subtle way through the facial expression manipulation program. The main findings of this study are as follows: 1. Individuals in the state of sadness, disgust and pleasure not only classify the concepts related to the same emotion into the same category, but also regard the concepts that do not belong to the same emotion as different categories than those in the neutral state. 2. Individuals in a specific emotional state are more sensitive to the emotional response categories corresponding to their emotional states, but less sensitive to other emotional response categories. 3. The change of emotional state leads to the change of conceptual classification model. After pleasant or averse manipulation, the proportion of emotional responses classified was higher than before manipulation. 4. In the specific emotional state aroused by the facial feedback manipulation program, individuals are more classified according to the type of emotional response, even if they are unable to report the true source of their emotions. The above results further support the theory of emotional response classification and help to deepen the understanding of the interaction between emotion and advanced cognition and personal emotion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.6

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