【摘要】：當(dāng)前比較成熟的詞切分閱讀的眼動研究都集中在對以漢語為第二語言的留學(xué)生的認(rèn)知研究中,現(xiàn)有眼動模型的建立都基于拼音文字的研究,而民族語言與漢語的眼動研究相對較少,特別是藏漢雙語的詞切分眼動研究就更少。因此,本研究具有一定意義,既能充實(shí)民族心理與雙語的眼動研究理論,又能為民族學(xué)生的雙語學(xué)習(xí)和發(fā)展提供依據(jù),同時也能驗證藏漢雙語者是否存在其他雙語者在詞切分句子閱讀中的普遍特點(diǎn)。因此,實(shí)施藏漢雙語詞切分的眼動研究,考察藏漢雙語者閱讀藏漢雙語詞切分句子的眼動控制問題既有深刻的理論意義,也對藏漢雙語教育具有重要的實(shí)踐意義。研究通過兩個實(shí)驗,對不同長度和難度的詞切分句子的眼動控制模型和認(rèn)知特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)考察。實(shí)驗一采用2(長句,短句)x2(藏文句子,漢文句子)x4(呈現(xiàn)條件:正常無空格、詞間空格、字間空格、非詞空格)三因素混合實(shí)驗設(shè)計考察閱讀不同長度的詞切分雙語句子的眼動特點(diǎn)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn):字間切分和非詞切分方式嚴(yán)重阻礙閱讀,存在詞空格效應(yīng),句子長度顯著影響閱讀時的各個眼動指標(biāo)。雙語句子在不同切分方式下存在差異,同時又受到句子的外在視覺特征(如長度)的影響,那么語義特征(如難易程度)是否也影響不同切分方式的雙語句子�；诖�,實(shí)驗二采用2(難句,簡單句)x2(藏語句子,漢語句子)x4(呈現(xiàn)條件:正常無空格、詞間空格、字間空格、非詞空格)三因素混合實(shí)驗設(shè)計。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)除了存在切分方式間的差異外,句子難度也有顯著的影響。分析實(shí)驗一和實(shí)驗二的研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)二者之間又存在共性特征:1、存在詞間空格效應(yīng),字間切分的雙語句子均延長了句子的總閱讀時間,非詞切分方式阻礙句子的閱讀。2、藏漢雙語者可能受到社會心理效應(yīng)的影響,對書面漢語句子的認(rèn)同較高,其更容易被選擇為優(yōu)勢語句。相對而言,藏語句子的加工難度較大,整個眼動指標(biāo)均高于漢語句子。3、詞間空格提供了有效的詞邊界信息,加快了詞匯通達(dá)的進(jìn)程,為工作記憶的有效命題加工提供更多機(jī)會,減少了認(rèn)知資源的消耗,從而促進(jìn)了閱讀理解,這符合言語效能理論的觀點(diǎn)。4、句子閱讀理解的過程中同時存在對字形表征和語義表征的加工。
[Abstract]:At present, more mature researches on eye movement of word segmentation and reading are focused on the cognitive research of foreign students who use Chinese as their second language, and the existing eye movement models are based on the study of phonetic characters. However, there are relatively few researches on eye movement between national language and Chinese, especially on Tibetan and Chinese word segmentation. Therefore, this study has a certain significance, not only can enrich the national psychology and bilingual eye movement research theory, but also can provide the basis for the bilingual learning and development of ethnic students. At the same time, it can also verify whether Tibetan and Chinese bilinguals have the common characteristics of other bilinguals in the reading of word segmentation sentences. Therefore, it is of great theoretical significance and practical significance to carry out the eye movement research on the segmentation of Tibetan and Chinese words, and to investigate the control of eye movement in reading sentences of Tibetan and Chinese bilingual words. Two experiments were conducted to investigate the eye movement control model and cognitive characteristics of word segmentation sentences with different length and difficulty. Experiment 1 uses 2 (long sentence, short sentence) x2 (Tibetan sentence, Chinese sentence) x4 (presentation condition: normal no space, interword space, Three-factor mixed experimental design was designed to investigate the eye movement characteristics of reading different length word segmentation bilingual sentences. The results show that inter-word segmentation and non-word segmentation seriously hinder reading, there is a word-space effect, and sentence length has a significant impact on each eye movement index. Bilingual sentences are different in different segmentation modes, but also influenced by the external visual features (such as length) of the sentences, so whether semantic features (such as the degree of difficulty) also affect the bilingual sentences with different segmentation modes. Based on this, the experiment 2 (difficult sentence, simple sentence) x2 (Tibetan sentence, Chinese sentence) x4 (presentation condition: normal no space, inter-word space, non-word space) three factors mixed experimental design. The results showed that there were significant differences in segmentation patterns and sentence difficulty. By analyzing the results of experiment 1 and experiment 2, it is found that there are some common features between them: 1) there is an inter-word space effect, and the bilingual sentences with inter-word segmentation can prolong the total reading time of sentences, and the non-word segmentation method hinders the reading of sentences. Tibetan and Chinese bilinguals may be influenced by social psychological effects and have a higher recognition of written Chinese sentences and are more likely to be selected as superior sentences. Comparatively speaking, Tibetan sentence processing is more difficult, the whole eye movement index is higher than Chinese sentence. 3. The space between words provides effective word boundary information, and speeds up the process of vocabulary access. It provides more opportunities for the processing of effective propositions in working memory, reduces the consumption of cognitive resources, and promotes reading comprehension, which is in line with the theory of verbal efficacy. In the process of sentence reading, there are two kinds of processing: font representation and semantic representation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：青海師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842

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