【摘要】：由于人們的知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)有限,在面臨重要或復(fù)雜的決策問題時(shí),決策者往往需要征求他人的意見,或直接要求別人替自己作出決定。近年來,研究者們探討了自我決策與替他人決策之間的差異,以期得出自我-他人決策差異的原因及其機(jī)制,研究者主要從心理距離遠(yuǎn)近以及情緒方面進(jìn)行了大量研究。本研究以大學(xué)生為被試,使用能夠誘發(fā)相應(yīng)情緒的視頻短片、人際關(guān)系情境問卷(翻譯版)和人身安全情境問卷(翻譯版),使用spss對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)分析。本研究包括三個(gè)預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)和兩個(gè)正式實(shí)驗(yàn)。預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)一是為了檢驗(yàn)決策者角色是否在人際關(guān)系情境下有顯著差異;預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)二是為了檢驗(yàn)決策者角色是否在人身安全情境下有顯著差異;預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)三是為了篩選出能夠誘發(fā)愉悅情緒和恐懼情緒的兩部影片。兩個(gè)正式實(shí)驗(yàn)考察愉悅和恐懼兩種具體情緒在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)選擇更有價(jià)值和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避更有價(jià)值的情境下,自我—他人決策的差異。結(jié)果表明:(1)當(dāng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)尋求更有價(jià)值時(shí),情緒狀態(tài)和決策者角色主效應(yīng)顯著,且存在交互作用。(2)愉悅情緒比恐懼情緒誘發(fā)更強(qiáng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)尋求,替他人決策比自我決策表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)尋求。(3)當(dāng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避更有價(jià)值時(shí),情緒狀態(tài)和決策者角色主效應(yīng)顯著,情緒狀態(tài)和決策者角色存在交互作用。(4)恐懼情緒比愉悅情緒誘發(fā)更強(qiáng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避,替他人決策比自我決策表現(xiàn)出更強(qiáng)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)避。
[Abstract]:Due to the limited knowledge and experience of people, when faced with important or complex decision-making problems, decision makers often need to seek the opinions of others, or directly ask others to make decisions for themselves. In recent years, researchers have explored the differences between self-decision-making and decision-making for others in order to find out the causes and mechanisms of the differences in decision-making between self-others. Researchers have mainly conducted a large number of studies from the psychological distance and emotional aspects. In this study, college students were investigated by using video clips, interpersonal relationships questionnaire (translation version) and personal safety questionnaire (translation version), and using spss to analyze the data. This study includes three pre-experiments and two formal experiments. The first is to test whether there are significant differences in the role of decision makers in interpersonal situations, the other is to test whether the role of decision makers has significant differences in personal safety situations. The third experiment was to screen out two films that elicited pleasure and fear. Two formal experiments examined the differences between the two specific emotions, pleasure and fear, in the context of more valuable risk selection and more valuable risk aversion. The results showed that: (1) when risk seeking was more valuable, the main effect of emotional state and decision maker role was significant, and there was interaction. (2) pleasure emotion induced more risk seeking than fear emotion. (3) when risk aversion is more valuable, emotional state and decision maker role play a significant role. (4) fear emotion induces stronger risk aversion than pleasure emotion, and shows stronger risk aversion for others than self-decision.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：濟(jì)南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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