他人結(jié)果評估中性別的調(diào)節(jié)作用，一項腦電研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-12-09 20:28
【摘要】：反饋相關(guān)負(fù)波(Feedback Related Negativity,FRN)是在負(fù)性結(jié)果呈現(xiàn)后的200-350ms之間,出現(xiàn)在頭皮中前部的負(fù)波。研究者認(rèn)為其反映了人腦對負(fù)性結(jié)果或者預(yù)期違背的覺察。以往對FRN的研究大多是被測量者本人參與到任務(wù)中,考查評估自己的輸贏誘發(fā)的腦電成分,較少有探究當(dāng)看到其他人輸贏后,評估他人結(jié)果誘發(fā)的腦電反應(yīng)。本研究包括兩個實驗。實驗一考察當(dāng)看到自己輸贏和同性他人輸贏時被試的腦電變化,實驗二考察評估自己輸贏和評估異性他人輸贏時被試的腦電變化。結(jié)果如下:1、實驗一中,輸錢條件比贏錢條件誘發(fā)更大的FRN,這與前人的類似研究一致。另外,評估自己反饋比評估他人反饋誘發(fā)更大的FRN,尤其對于男性被試而言,這種結(jié)果不僅表現(xiàn)在FRN上,也表現(xiàn)在P300結(jié)果上。這說明,被試在評估他人輸贏結(jié)果的時候,雖然有一定的同理心,但是與評估自己的結(jié)果相比,被試更關(guān)注自己結(jié)果,尤其是男性被試。2.實驗二中,首先輸錢比贏錢誘發(fā)更大的FRN,這符合前人同樣的實驗條件的結(jié)果。與實驗一不同的是,當(dāng)評估他人的結(jié)果時候,如果是評估的異性他人,被試的同理心增強(qiáng),表現(xiàn)為評估自己和評估他人結(jié)果時候FRN波幅沒有差異。當(dāng)然,在P300階段,評估自己誘發(fā)了更大的波幅,還表現(xiàn)出對自己的結(jié)果更關(guān)注。通過以上研究,我們可以得出兩個結(jié)論。第一,觀察別人的得失,可以進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的結(jié)果評估,也會產(chǎn)生相應(yīng)的反饋相關(guān)負(fù)波,但是評估別人結(jié)果誘發(fā)的FRN和P300要比評估自己結(jié)果誘發(fā)的FRN和P300波幅小;第二,這種觀察別人結(jié)果過程中產(chǎn)生的FRN會受到觀察者的性別,以及被觀察者的性別的調(diào)節(jié)。當(dāng)評估別人的結(jié)果是評估異性他人時候,誘發(fā)的FRN與評估自己的沒有差異,同理心較強(qiáng);而當(dāng)評估他人的結(jié)果是評估同性他人的時候,誘發(fā)的FRN波幅比評估自己的結(jié)果要小。
[Abstract]:Feedback correlation negative wave (Feedback Related Negativity,FRN) is a negative wave in the anterior part of the scalp between the 200-350ms with negative results. The researchers believe it reflects the human brain's perception of negative outcomes or contrary expectations. In the past, most of the studies on FRN were conducted by the participants themselves, and the EEG components induced by their own winning or losing were evaluated, and the EEG responses induced by the results of others were seldom explored when other people were seen to win or lose. This study includes two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the EEG changes of subjects when they saw their own win or lose and others of the same sex win or lose. Experiment 2 examined the EEG changes of the subjects when they evaluated their own win or loss and evaluated the heterosexual others' win or loss. The results are as follows: 1 in experiment 1, the FRN, induced by the loss condition is larger than that by the winning condition, which is consistent with previous studies. In addition, the evaluation of self-feedback than the evaluation of other feedback elicited greater FRN, especially for male subjects, the results were not only on the FRN, but also on the P300 results. This shows that although the participants have a certain empathy in evaluating the results of other people's wins and losses, they are more concerned with their own results than with their own results, especially the male participants. 2. 2. In experiment two, first, losing money induces a larger FRN, than winning money, which is consistent with the results of previous experiments. Different from experiment one, when evaluating the results of others, if they were heterosexual, the empathy of the subjects increased, which showed that there was no difference in the amplitude of FRN between evaluating themselves and evaluating the results of others. Of course, in the P300 phase, assessing yourself elicited larger waves and showed greater focus on your results. Through the above research, we can draw two conclusions. First, observing the gains and losses of others, we can evaluate the corresponding results, and also produce the corresponding feedback related negative waves, but the FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of the results of others are smaller than the amplitude of FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of their own results. Second, the FRN produced by observing the outcome of others is regulated by the sex of the observer and the sex of the observed. When the result of assessing other people is to evaluate heterosexual people, the induced FRN is not different from the evaluation of oneself, but the amplitude of FRN is smaller when the result of evaluating others is to evaluate others of the same sex.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848
本文編號：2369982
[Abstract]:Feedback correlation negative wave (Feedback Related Negativity,FRN) is a negative wave in the anterior part of the scalp between the 200-350ms with negative results. The researchers believe it reflects the human brain's perception of negative outcomes or contrary expectations. In the past, most of the studies on FRN were conducted by the participants themselves, and the EEG components induced by their own winning or losing were evaluated, and the EEG responses induced by the results of others were seldom explored when other people were seen to win or lose. This study includes two experiments. Experiment 1 examined the EEG changes of subjects when they saw their own win or lose and others of the same sex win or lose. Experiment 2 examined the EEG changes of the subjects when they evaluated their own win or loss and evaluated the heterosexual others' win or loss. The results are as follows: 1 in experiment 1, the FRN, induced by the loss condition is larger than that by the winning condition, which is consistent with previous studies. In addition, the evaluation of self-feedback than the evaluation of other feedback elicited greater FRN, especially for male subjects, the results were not only on the FRN, but also on the P300 results. This shows that although the participants have a certain empathy in evaluating the results of other people's wins and losses, they are more concerned with their own results than with their own results, especially the male participants. 2. 2. In experiment two, first, losing money induces a larger FRN, than winning money, which is consistent with the results of previous experiments. Different from experiment one, when evaluating the results of others, if they were heterosexual, the empathy of the subjects increased, which showed that there was no difference in the amplitude of FRN between evaluating themselves and evaluating the results of others. Of course, in the P300 phase, assessing yourself elicited larger waves and showed greater focus on your results. Through the above research, we can draw two conclusions. First, observing the gains and losses of others, we can evaluate the corresponding results, and also produce the corresponding feedback related negative waves, but the FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of the results of others are smaller than the amplitude of FRN and P300 induced by the evaluation of their own results. Second, the FRN produced by observing the outcome of others is regulated by the sex of the observer and the sex of the observed. When the result of assessing other people is to evaluate heterosexual people, the induced FRN is not different from the evaluation of oneself, but the amplitude of FRN is smaller when the result of evaluating others is to evaluate others of the same sex.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條
1 向玲;王寶璽;張慶林;;時間估計任務(wù)中的反饋加工和行為調(diào)節(jié):來自ERP的證據(jù)[J];心理學(xué)報;2012年09期
，本文編號：2369982
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