【摘要】：隨著我國(guó)工業(yè)化和城市化的加速推進(jìn)，對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)用地轉(zhuǎn)換用途的需求不斷增強(qiáng)，由此導(dǎo)致了大量失地農(nóng)民的產(chǎn)生。在我國(guó)長(zhǎng)期實(shí)行城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)的大背景下，城市與鄉(xiāng)村界限分明。被動(dòng)征地致使失地農(nóng)民的生產(chǎn)、生活和交往發(fā)生了一系列變革，他們毫無準(zhǔn)備地進(jìn)入城市，，對(duì)自己的角色產(chǎn)生了“不確定感”，無法真正融入城市生活，一部分人甚至生活在城市的邊緣。這一群體的數(shù)量日漸龐大，他們是否能真正認(rèn)同自己的市民角色，真正地適應(yīng)城市生活，對(duì)于經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)健康發(fā)展和城市化進(jìn)程的順利推進(jìn)，都將產(chǎn)生重要影響。因此，當(dāng)前圍繞失地農(nóng)民問題開展研究，是十分必要且極具意義的。 本文在研究已有文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上，從現(xiàn)實(shí)需要出發(fā)，引入角色認(rèn)同、社會(huì)支持、自尊三個(gè)變量，以一個(gè)新的視角深化失地農(nóng)民研究。采用文獻(xiàn)法、問卷調(diào)查法和個(gè)案訪談法相結(jié)合的實(shí)證研究方法，對(duì)常熟市1000名失地農(nóng)民（收回且有效的問卷722份）實(shí)施問卷調(diào)查，進(jìn)行個(gè)案訪談人次22人。主要研究結(jié)論如下： （1）問卷調(diào)查的結(jié)果顯示，常熟失地農(nóng)民在角色認(rèn)同變量的“角色認(rèn)知”、“角色體驗(yàn)”和“角色行為”三維度上得分均稍高于臨界值，結(jié)合個(gè)案訪談可知，他們?cè)谧晕医巧线�存在著較為明顯的“不確定感”，尚處于角色過渡期，還未從認(rèn)知、體驗(yàn)與行為上完成向市民角色的轉(zhuǎn)換。 （2）整體而言，常熟失地農(nóng)民的社會(huì)支持處于中等偏上水平，自我評(píng)價(jià)與體驗(yàn)相對(duì)良好。 （3）不同年齡、文化程度、征地時(shí)間與收入變化的失地農(nóng)民在角色認(rèn)同、社會(huì)支持、自尊變量上表現(xiàn)出顯著的差異。 （4）角色認(rèn)同、社會(huì)支持與自尊之間表現(xiàn)為顯著的兩兩正相關(guān)，且角色認(rèn)同在社會(huì)支持與自尊之間起到部分中介效應(yīng)。即社會(huì)支持既能直接影響自尊，又能通過提升個(gè)體角色認(rèn)同水平帶來更高的整體自尊。研究表明，常熟失地農(nóng)民在角色認(rèn)同上仍存在“不確定性”，且其中一部分人自尊水平相對(duì)較低，要加速其市民角色認(rèn)同，增強(qiáng)自我價(jià)值感知，給予更大力度、更具針對(duì)性的社會(huì)支持至關(guān)重要。 本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于，將市民角色認(rèn)同、社會(huì)支持與自尊同時(shí)引入，在更全面展示這一群體現(xiàn)狀的同時(shí)，使三者納入到同一個(gè)理論模型之中，進(jìn)一步明確了相互作用的機(jī)制，為促進(jìn)失地農(nóng)民角色認(rèn)同，提升其整體自尊水平，提供了方向與路徑，也為豐富國(guó)內(nèi)角色認(rèn)同理論作出了有益探索，有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)了理論意義與實(shí)踐應(yīng)用的統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of industrialization and urbanization in China, the demand for agricultural land conversion is increasing, which leads to the emergence of a large number of land-lost farmers. Under the background of long-term urban-rural dual structure in our country, the boundary between city and country is clear. The passive land requisition has led to a series of changes in the production, life and communication of landless farmers. They have entered the city unprepared and have a "sense of uncertainty" about their role, unable to truly integrate into urban life. Some people even live on the edge of the city. The number of this group is increasing. Whether they can really identify with their civic role and adapt to urban life will have an important impact on the healthy development of economy and society and the smooth progress of urbanization. Therefore, it is very necessary and meaningful to study the problem of land-lost farmers. On the basis of the existing literature, this paper introduces three variables of role identity, social support and self-esteem to deepen the study of land-losing farmers from a new perspective. By using the method of literature, questionnaire and case interview, 1000 landless peasants (722 valid questionnaires) in Changshu City were investigated and 22 person-times were interviewed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the results of the questionnaire survey show that the farmers' scores in the three dimensions of "role cognition", "role experience" and "role behavior" are slightly higher than the critical value. According to the case interviews, they still have a more obvious sense of uncertainty in their own roles, and they are still in the transition period of their roles. They have not yet completed the transition from cognition, experience and behavior to the role of citizens. (2) on the whole, the social support of Changshu landless farmers is at the middle level, and their self-evaluation and experience are relatively good. (3) there were significant differences in the variables of role identity, social support and self-esteem among the landless farmers with different age, education level, land requisition time and income. (4) role identity, social support and self-esteem showed significant positive correlation, and role identity played a part of intermediary effect between social support and self-esteem. That is, social support can not only directly affect self-esteem, but also bring higher overall self-esteem by raising the level of individual role identity. The study shows that there is still "uncertainty" in the role identity of the peasants in Changshu, and some of them have relatively low self-esteem level. It is necessary to accelerate their civic role identity, enhance their self-worth perception, and give greater strength to it. More targeted social support is crucial. The innovation of this paper lies in the introduction of civic role identity, social support and self-esteem at the same time, and at the same time, it brings them into the same theoretical model, and further clarifies the mechanism of interaction. In order to promote the role identity of land-lost farmers and improve their overall self-esteem level, it provides a direction and path, also makes a beneficial exploration for enriching the domestic role identity theory, and effectively realizes the unity of theoretical significance and practical application.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844

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