【摘要】：有意遺忘是最近幾十年來(lái)記憶研究中較為活躍的領(lǐng)域之一，研究者提出選擇性復(fù)述理論、提取抑制理論以及區(qū)分抑制理論等理論假設(shè)來(lái)探討有意遺忘產(chǎn)生的機(jī)制。在有意遺忘的發(fā)展性研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)有意遺忘的認(rèn)知抑制能力是后天發(fā)展而來(lái)的，并且隨著年齡的增大而逐漸發(fā)展起來(lái)；在影響因素方面發(fā)現(xiàn)測(cè)驗(yàn)方式、測(cè)驗(yàn)難度以及測(cè)驗(yàn)的材料等都是影響被試測(cè)驗(yàn)成績(jī)的因素。另外，隨著有意遺忘研究的深入，有意遺忘研究范式可以作為一種新的研究方法運(yùn)用到錯(cuò)誤記憶、自我參照效應(yīng)以及情緒等領(lǐng)域的研究中，此外，隨著對(duì)有意遺忘研究的深入，研究者根據(jù)研究的需要對(duì)有意遺忘的研究范式和方法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)和創(chuàng)新，這也促進(jìn)有意遺忘研究領(lǐng)域的不斷拓展. 本研究在有意遺忘詞表法的范式下，在回憶階段加入了部分線索的呈現(xiàn)，比較系統(tǒng)的探討了有無(wú)線索、線索的類型，以及線索所在的位置對(duì)有意遺忘的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)： （1）在有意遺忘的字表法范式下，呈現(xiàn)部分線索作為提示對(duì)被試的回憶成績(jī)有顯著的影響，有線索提示的回憶成績(jī)顯著地低于沒有線索提示的回憶成績(jī)。 （2）在有意遺忘的字表法范式下，漢字線索和拼音線索對(duì)有意遺忘的回憶成績(jī)的抑制作用沒有顯著性差異。 （3）在有意遺忘的字表法范式下，當(dāng)線索的位置取自記住詞表時(shí)，有意遺忘效應(yīng)減弱。當(dāng)線索的位置取自遺忘詞表時(shí)，有意遺忘效應(yīng)不明顯。 （4）實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果支持了提取抑制理論對(duì)部分線索效應(yīng)的解釋。
[Abstract]:Intentional amnesia is one of the most active fields in memory research in recent decades. Researchers have proposed selective retelling theory, extracting inhibition theory and distinguishing inhibition theory to explore the mechanism of intentional amnesia. In the developmental study of intentional forgetting, we found that the cognitive inhibition ability of intentional forgetfulness was acquired and developed gradually with the age, and found the way of testing in terms of influencing factors. The difficulty of the test and the material are the factors that influence the test achievement. In addition, with the deepening of the study of intentional forgetting, the paradigm of intentional forgetting can be used as a new research method in the fields of false memory, self-referential effect and emotion, in addition, with the deepening of the study of intentional forgetting, According to the needs of the research, the researchers have improved and innovated the research paradigm and method of intentional forgetting, which has also promoted the continuous expansion of the research field of intentional forgetting. In this study, under the paradigm of intentional forgetting lexicon, some cues were added in the recall stage, and the effects of clues, types of cues, and location of clues on intentional forgetting were systematically discussed. The results showed that: (1) under the intentional forgetting paradigm, presenting some cues as cues had a significant effect on the subjects' recall scores. The recall scores with cues were significantly lower than those without cues. (2) in the intentional forgetting pattern, There was no significant difference between Chinese character cues and pinyin cues in inhibiting the recall scores of intentional forgetting. (3) in the intentional forgetting paradigm, the intentional forgetting effect was weakened when the cues were taken from the memorized vocabulary. When the location of cues is taken from the forgetting vocabulary, the intentional forgetting effect is not obvious. (4) the experimental results support the explanation of partial cue-effect by extraction inhibition theory.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：閩南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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