情境與人格特質(zhì)對(duì)短期音樂偏好的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-07 07:35
【摘要】：音樂是一種跨文化的、普遍的、無處不在的活動(dòng)。人們會(huì)對(duì)音樂表現(xiàn)出不同的偏好,但對(duì)音樂偏好的心理結(jié)構(gòu)和影響因素知之甚少。以往的音樂偏好研究大多在實(shí)驗(yàn)室條件下進(jìn)行,但實(shí)驗(yàn)室情境難以誘發(fā)足夠真實(shí)的音樂情緒體驗(yàn)。Pavelchak等人(Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988)認(rèn)為情境是情緒體驗(yàn)的一個(gè)組成部分,在實(shí)驗(yàn)室研究中得到的結(jié)果需要在外部環(huán)境中驗(yàn)證。因此我們有必要研究情境中的音樂偏好以及情境對(duì)音樂偏好的影響。從互動(dòng)理論(interaction theories)角度看,音樂偏好能反映個(gè)體的人格特征。以往的研究證實(shí)了個(gè)體的人格特質(zhì)與其長(zhǎng)期的、穩(wěn)定的音樂偏好之間存在著顯著的相關(guān)性,但尚未明確人格特質(zhì)與短暫的、依賴于當(dāng)前情境的音樂偏好之間是否也存在類似的關(guān)系。本文基于中國(guó)文化背景和日常聆聽音樂的生活情境,以及國(guó)內(nèi)人群所接觸的音樂類型和所具有的音樂情緒體驗(yàn),探究情境與人格特質(zhì)對(duì)短期音樂偏好的影響。研究1招募了 470名被試,采用中文簡(jiǎn)化版PAD情緒量表,給每位被試隨機(jī)分配11種情境中的一種,讓被試對(duì)該情境的愉悅度、喚醒度、優(yōu)勢(shì)度進(jìn)行評(píng)分。結(jié)果表明各情境在愉悅度、喚醒度、優(yōu)勢(shì)度上的評(píng)分有顯著差異,PAD情緒狀態(tài)模型可以作為情境分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn),并給情境歸類。研究2根據(jù)192名被試在隨機(jī)分配的情境下對(duì)音樂風(fēng)格喜歡程度的評(píng)分,測(cè)量出音樂偏好,將評(píng)分進(jìn)行探索性因子分析,構(gòu)建了音樂偏好五維模型,五個(gè)因子分別是"治愈"、"喚醒"、"傳統(tǒng)"、"憂傷"、"超然",五個(gè)因子代表音樂風(fēng)格的五個(gè)維度。音樂風(fēng)格包括具體的音樂類型(如流行樂、古典樂、爵士樂等)和音樂中所表達(dá)出來的情緒(如悲傷的、快樂的等)。研究3根據(jù)另一批192名被試在特定情境下的情緒屬性評(píng)分和大五人格特質(zhì)評(píng)分,考察情境與人格特質(zhì)對(duì)短期音樂偏好影響作用,并檢驗(yàn)人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)變量對(duì)情境與音樂偏好間關(guān)系的干擾作用。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)情境對(duì)音樂偏好有主導(dǎo)影響,大五人格特質(zhì)與音樂偏好的相關(guān)性在具體情境下大部分都不顯著,且人口統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)變量不具干擾效應(yīng)。本研究得出以下結(jié)論:(1)PAD情緒狀態(tài)模型可作為情境的分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn);(2)構(gòu)建了短期音樂偏好五維模型,五個(gè)維度分別是"治愈"、"喚醒"、"傳統(tǒng)"、"憂傷"、"超然";(3)情境、人格特質(zhì)與短期音樂偏好三者的關(guān)系為:情境對(duì)音樂偏好產(chǎn)生主導(dǎo)影響;以往研究所顯示的大五人格特質(zhì)與音樂偏好的顯著相關(guān)性在具體情境中大部分都被減弱,其中只有宜人性和嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性對(duì)短期音樂偏好的"傳統(tǒng)"維度有影響。(4)性別、年齡、音樂專業(yè)知識(shí)對(duì)情境與音樂偏好的關(guān)系不具調(diào)節(jié)作用。年齡能影響"傳統(tǒng)"維度上的短期音樂偏好。
[Abstract]:Music is a cross-cultural, universal, ubiquitous activity. People may show different preferences for music, but little is known about the psychological structure and influencing factors of music preference. In the past, most of the music preference studies were carried out in the laboratory, but it was difficult to induce enough real musical emotional experience. Pavelchak et al. (Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988) thought that the situation was a part of the emotional experience. Results obtained in laboratory studies need to be validated in an external environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the music preference in the situation and the influence of the situation on the music preference. From the perspective of interaction theory (interaction theories), music preference can reflect the personality characteristics of individuals. Previous studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between individual personality traits and their long-term, stable musical preferences, but there is no clear relationship between personality traits and transients. Whether there is a similar relationship between musical preferences that depend on the current situation. Based on the Chinese cultural background and daily listening to music, as well as the types of music and the musical emotional experience, this paper explores the influence of the situation and personality traits on the short-term music preference. In study 1, 470 subjects were recruited, and one of 11 situations was randomly assigned to each of the subjects by using the simplified Chinese version of the PAD emotional scale. The subjects were asked to rate the pleasure, arousal, and dominance of the situation. The results showed that there were significant differences in the scores of pleasurable, arousal and dominance of each situation. The pad emotional state model could be used as the classification standard of situation and classified the situation. In study 2, according to 192 subjects' score of music style liking degree under randomly assigned situation, the music preference was measured, and the score was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, and a five-dimensional model of music preference was constructed. The five factors are healing, arousal, tradition, sadness, transcendence, and five factors represent the five dimensions of musical style. Musical styles include specific types of music (such as pop, classical, jazz, etc.) and emotions expressed in music (such as sadness, joy, etc.). According to the scores of emotional attributes and Big five personality traits of another group of 192 subjects, the effects of situation and personality traits on short-term music preference were investigated. And test the influence of demographic variables on the relationship between situation and music preference. The results showed that the situation had the dominant influence on the music preference. The correlation between the personality traits of Big five and the music preference was not significant in the specific situation, and the demographics had no interference effect. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the PAD emotional state model can be used as the classification standard of the situation; (2) the five-dimensional model of short-term music preference is constructed, the five dimensions are "healing", "arousal", "tradition", "sadness", "transcendence", (3) situation, The relationship between personality trait and short-term music preference is as follows: the situation has the dominant influence on music preference, and the significant correlation between Big five personality trait and music preference has been weakened in the specific situation. Among them, only suitably human nature and preciseness have influence on the "traditional" dimension of short-term music preference. (4) gender, age and music professional knowledge have no effect on the relationship between situation and music preference. Age can influence short-term musical preferences in the "traditional" dimension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B848
本文編號(hào)：2227622
[Abstract]:Music is a cross-cultural, universal, ubiquitous activity. People may show different preferences for music, but little is known about the psychological structure and influencing factors of music preference. In the past, most of the music preference studies were carried out in the laboratory, but it was difficult to induce enough real musical emotional experience. Pavelchak et al. (Pavelchak,Antil,Munch,1988) thought that the situation was a part of the emotional experience. Results obtained in laboratory studies need to be validated in an external environment. Therefore, it is necessary to study the music preference in the situation and the influence of the situation on the music preference. From the perspective of interaction theory (interaction theories), music preference can reflect the personality characteristics of individuals. Previous studies have confirmed that there is a significant correlation between individual personality traits and their long-term, stable musical preferences, but there is no clear relationship between personality traits and transients. Whether there is a similar relationship between musical preferences that depend on the current situation. Based on the Chinese cultural background and daily listening to music, as well as the types of music and the musical emotional experience, this paper explores the influence of the situation and personality traits on the short-term music preference. In study 1, 470 subjects were recruited, and one of 11 situations was randomly assigned to each of the subjects by using the simplified Chinese version of the PAD emotional scale. The subjects were asked to rate the pleasure, arousal, and dominance of the situation. The results showed that there were significant differences in the scores of pleasurable, arousal and dominance of each situation. The pad emotional state model could be used as the classification standard of situation and classified the situation. In study 2, according to 192 subjects' score of music style liking degree under randomly assigned situation, the music preference was measured, and the score was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, and a five-dimensional model of music preference was constructed. The five factors are healing, arousal, tradition, sadness, transcendence, and five factors represent the five dimensions of musical style. Musical styles include specific types of music (such as pop, classical, jazz, etc.) and emotions expressed in music (such as sadness, joy, etc.). According to the scores of emotional attributes and Big five personality traits of another group of 192 subjects, the effects of situation and personality traits on short-term music preference were investigated. And test the influence of demographic variables on the relationship between situation and music preference. The results showed that the situation had the dominant influence on the music preference. The correlation between the personality traits of Big five and the music preference was not significant in the specific situation, and the demographics had no interference effect. The conclusions of this study are as follows: (1) the PAD emotional state model can be used as the classification standard of the situation; (2) the five-dimensional model of short-term music preference is constructed, the five dimensions are "healing", "arousal", "tradition", "sadness", "transcendence", (3) situation, The relationship between personality trait and short-term music preference is as follows: the situation has the dominant influence on music preference, and the significant correlation between Big five personality trait and music preference has been weakened in the specific situation. Among them, only suitably human nature and preciseness have influence on the "traditional" dimension of short-term music preference. (4) gender, age and music professional knowledge have no effect on the relationship between situation and music preference. Age can influence short-term musical preferences in the "traditional" dimension.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B848
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