【摘要】：在《我們賴(lài)以生存的隱喻》一書(shū)中，Lakoff和Johnson提出隱喻普遍存在于我們的日常生活中，包含在語(yǔ)言，思維和行為中。他們認(rèn)為在所有隱喻中空間隱喻是最重要和最基本的認(rèn)知域。垂直空間隱喻是從上-下空間方位概念映射到其他認(rèn)知域的認(rèn)知方式。本論文通過(guò)三個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)考察語(yǔ)篇閱讀中“快樂(lè)是上，悲傷是下”這一情緒的垂直空間隱喻的心理現(xiàn)實(shí)性。 實(shí)驗(yàn)1要求被試閱讀情緒語(yǔ)篇后，對(duì)呈現(xiàn)在屏幕上方或下方的字母“F”或“J”進(jìn)行反應(yīng)。目的在于探討情緒語(yǔ)篇是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生垂直空間隱喻。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)，閱讀積極情緒語(yǔ)篇的被試對(duì)呈現(xiàn)在空間位置上方的對(duì)象反應(yīng)快，閱讀消極情緒語(yǔ)篇的被試對(duì)呈現(xiàn)在空間位置下方的對(duì)象反應(yīng)快，，表明語(yǔ)篇中存在情緒的垂直空間隱喻的始源域向目標(biāo)域的映射。 實(shí)驗(yàn)2要求被試閱讀含有空間位移的語(yǔ)篇后對(duì)呈現(xiàn)在屏幕中央的圖片中面孔人物的性別進(jìn)行判斷。目的在于探討閱讀含有不同的空間位移的語(yǔ)篇是否影響被試對(duì)不同情緒圖片的反應(yīng)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)被試閱讀含有空間中向上或向下移動(dòng)的語(yǔ)篇后對(duì)呈現(xiàn)于屏幕中央的積極情緒圖片和消極情緒圖片的反應(yīng)時(shí)間沒(méi)有顯著差異。 實(shí)驗(yàn)3是對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)2的實(shí)驗(yàn)方法做了一點(diǎn)修正,即將語(yǔ)篇之后在屏幕中央呈現(xiàn)的圖片改在屏幕的上方或下方隨機(jī)呈現(xiàn)。由于圖片在屏幕中的呈現(xiàn)位置是隨機(jī)化的，其呈現(xiàn)位置對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響已經(jīng)被平衡了，因此可以不考慮情緒圖片的呈現(xiàn)位置對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果造成的影響，這里只是激活了情緒圖片的空間表征。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)被試閱讀含有在空間中向上移動(dòng)的語(yǔ)篇后對(duì)積極情緒圖片反應(yīng)更快，閱讀含有在空間中向下移動(dòng)的語(yǔ)篇后對(duì)消極情緒圖片的反應(yīng)更快，說(shuō)明語(yǔ)篇中存在情緒的垂直空間隱喻的目標(biāo)域向始源域的映射。 研究表明：語(yǔ)篇情境中存在情緒的垂直空間隱喻，并且空間這一始源域和情緒這一目標(biāo)域具有雙向映射的性質(zhì)。
[Abstract]:In the book Metaphor on which We Live, Lakoff and Johnson argue that metaphor is ubiquitous in our everyday life, encompassing language, thought and behavior. They believe that spatial metaphor is the most important and basic cognitive domain of all metaphors. Vertical spatial metaphor is a mapping from the concept of upper-lower spatial orientation to other cognitive domains. In this paper, three experiments are conducted to examine the psychological reality of the vertical spatial metaphor of "happiness is above, sadness is below" in text reading.
In experiment 1, subjects were asked to react to the letters "F" or "J" presented above or below the screen after reading emotional texts. The aim was to explore whether there was vertical spatial metaphor in emotional texts. Subjects responded quickly to objects presented below the spatial position, indicating that the source domain of vertical spatial metaphor in a text is mapped to the target domain.
In experiment 2, subjects were asked to read texts with spatial shifts and then judge the gender of the faces in the pictures presented in the center of the screen. The purpose was to explore whether reading texts with different spatial shifts affected the responses of subjects to different emotional pictures. There was no significant difference in reaction time between positive and negative emotional pictures in the center of the screen.
Experiment 3 revised the experimental method of experiment 2, that is, the pictures presented in the center of the screen after the text were randomly displayed above or below the screen. The results showed that the subjects reacted more quickly to the positive emotional pictures after reading the texts containing moving upward in space, and reacted more quickly to the negative emotional pictures after reading the texts containing moving downward in space. The mapping of the target domain of the metaphors in the vertical space to the Siwon domain.
The results show that there exists a vertical spatial metaphor of emotion in discourse context, and the two-way mapping between the source domain of space and the target domain of emotion.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842

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