【摘要】：在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中,每個(gè)人都會(huì)與自身所在群體或是其他群體的個(gè)體發(fā)生各式的關(guān)系,群際交往理論指出,個(gè)體與個(gè)體積極的交流與互動(dòng)可以很好的改進(jìn)群際關(guān)系,但是個(gè)體往往對(duì)自己所屬群體有著更多的偏愛(ài),對(duì)此研究者也指出積極的群際接觸是最有效的策略之一。研究表明,群際間的接觸是改進(jìn)群際關(guān)系的重要方法之一,比如有更強(qiáng)的群際間接觸意愿,更小的群際社會(huì)距離,以及增進(jìn)群際之間的信任感等,即使是想象與外群體成員的接觸,也會(huì)有一系列積極的效果。群際接觸可以有效改進(jìn)群際間的關(guān)系,其中群際信任又是一個(gè)重要的方面,群際信任的增進(jìn),尤其是對(duì)外群體成員的信任,可以很好的促進(jìn)群際關(guān)系的發(fā)展,形成和諧的群際關(guān)系。群際信任還在促進(jìn)民族交往上起到重要的作用,直接影響到其積極發(fā)展,民族作為一個(gè)特殊的人口學(xué)變量,在實(shí)際的互動(dòng)中經(jīng)常會(huì)形成或親或疏的群體關(guān)系,民族關(guān)系又是群際關(guān)系中的一個(gè)重要領(lǐng)域,任何一個(gè)民族都不是獨(dú)立封閉發(fā)展的,總是在與其他民族的交往過(guò)程中不斷壯大的,因此我們需要?jiǎng)?chuàng)造更多的機(jī)會(huì)來(lái)促進(jìn)民族間的和諧交流與發(fā)展,而想象接觸作為一種有效的手段在促進(jìn)群體間關(guān)系上發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用,因此我們從心理學(xué)的視角出發(fā),采用想象接觸的方法,從動(dòng)態(tài)的民族交流過(guò)程角度來(lái)促進(jìn)不同民族間的和諧交融,增進(jìn)民族感情。此外,不同群體間的接觸意愿是最接近實(shí)際行為的變量,對(duì)群際關(guān)系的發(fā)展可以產(chǎn)生積極的作用;群體間的距離又是體現(xiàn)和權(quán)衡個(gè)體之間和群際關(guān)系的重要指標(biāo),通常用來(lái)衡量群體間親密關(guān)系的程度,也可以反映在不同民族交往的過(guò)程中。因此本研究從外顯和內(nèi)隱兩個(gè)方面來(lái)探查想象群際接觸對(duì)群際信任的影響,以及接觸意愿和社會(huì)距離在想象接觸和群際信任間存在的中介效應(yīng)。通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)我們主要得出以下結(jié)論:(1)想象接觸有效的增進(jìn)了群際間的信任。想象接觸條件下的被試有著更高的外顯和內(nèi)隱信任得分,表現(xiàn)出了更強(qiáng)的接觸意愿,更小的社會(huì)距離。(2)回漢被試在想象接觸后都增強(qiáng)了群際信任,其中,回族被試對(duì)同宗教個(gè)體存在更多的群際認(rèn)同,外顯和內(nèi)隱信任得分更高,接觸意愿更強(qiáng),社會(huì)距離更小。(3)接觸意愿和社會(huì)距離在想象接觸與外顯群際信任之間存在中介作用,并且二者均為部分中介作用;在想象接觸與內(nèi)隱群際信任之間也存在中介作用,其中接觸意愿為部分中介效應(yīng),社會(huì)距離為完全中介效應(yīng)。
[Abstract]:In real life, everyone will have a variety of relationships with their own group or other groups of individuals. The theory of inter-group communication points out that the positive communication and interaction between individuals and individuals can improve inter-group relations very well. However, individuals tend to have more preference for their own group, and the researchers also point out that positive inter-group contact is one of the most effective strategies. Studies have shown that inter-group contact is one of the important ways to improve inter-group relationships, such as greater willingness to engage between groups, smaller social distance between groups, and increased trust between groups. Even imaginary contact with members of outside groups can have a series of positive effects. Inter-group contact can effectively improve inter-group relations, among which inter-group trust is an important aspect. The enhancement of inter-group trust, especially the trust of members of external groups, can promote the development of inter-group relations. Form a harmonious inter-group relationship. Inter-group trust also plays an important role in promoting ethnic exchanges, directly affecting its positive development. As a special demographic variable, ethnic groups often form or form close or sparse group relations in actual interactions. Ethnic relations are also an important field in inter-group relations. No nationality develops independently and in isolation, and it always grows stronger in the course of exchanges with other ethnic groups. Therefore, we need to create more opportunities to promote harmonious communication and development among nations, and imagination contact plays a vital role in promoting inter-group relations as an effective means, so we proceed from a psychological perspective. The method of imaginary contact is used to promote the harmonious blending of different nationalities and enhance the national feelings from the angle of dynamic national communication process. In addition, willingness to engage among different groups is the closest variable to actual behavior and can play a positive role in the development of inter-group relations, and inter-group distance is an important indicator for reflecting and weighing inter-individual and inter-group relations. Often used to measure the degree of intimacy between groups, it can also be reflected in the interaction of different ethnic groups. Therefore, this study explores the effects of imaginary inter-group contact on inter-group trust from explicit and implicit aspects, as well as the intermediary effects of contact willingness and social distance between imaginary contact and inter-group trust. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) imaginary contact enhances inter-group trust effectively. The subjects with imaginary exposure had higher scores of explicit and implicit trust, showed stronger willingness to contact, and smaller social distance. (2) the subjects of Hui Han increased inter-group trust after imaginative contact. The subjects of Hui nationality had more inter-group identity to the same religious individuals, higher scores of explicit and implicit trust, stronger willingness to contact, and smaller social distance. (3) there was a mediating effect between imaginary contact and explicit inter-group trust. And both of them are partial mediations, and there is also an intermediary effect between imaginary contact and implicit inter-group trust, in which the intention of contact is a partial intermediary effect, and the social distance is a complete intermediary effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：寧夏大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B842.4

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