【摘要】：情緒的腦機(jī)制研究作為情緒的認(rèn)知神經(jīng)科學(xué)的主攻方向,近年來(lái)日漸受到研究者的重視。Dolcos (2004)應(yīng)用fMRI技術(shù),在情緒感知研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)前額皮層和杏仁核的作用,杏仁核能對(duì)刺激的基本情緒色彩快速覺(jué)察,而前額皮層在高級(jí)的情緒評(píng)價(jià)過(guò)程中起重要作用。有不少研究發(fā)現(xiàn),在大腦皮層的額葉、中央葉和頂葉,情緒圖片比中性圖片誘發(fā)了更大的晚正波幅。 基于情緒的發(fā)展性問(wèn)題考慮,本研究利用ERP技術(shù)對(duì)個(gè)體具體情緒體驗(yàn)與元情緒狀態(tài)之間的關(guān)系進(jìn)行探索性研究。研究采用情緒的圖片感知范式,標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化場(chǎng)景性情緒圖片,反映一致性平均在80%以上,區(qū)分出具體情緒類別：愉快,悲傷,厭惡和恐懼。實(shí)驗(yàn)一為4(情緒類別：愉快、悲傷、厭惡和恐懼)×5(電極位置：Fpz、Fz、 Cz、 Pz、 Oz)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì)；實(shí)驗(yàn)二為2(兩種情緒狀態(tài))×4(情緒類別)的被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),ERPs分析電極選取腦中線5個(gè)電極(前額區(qū),FPZ；額區(qū),FZ；中央?yún)^(qū),CZ；頂區(qū),PZ；枕區(qū),OZ)進(jìn)行分析。 結(jié)果表明：個(gè)體對(duì)不同具體情緒體驗(yàn)的反應(yīng)時(shí)存在差異；個(gè)體報(bào)告元情緒狀態(tài)要比報(bào)告基本情緒狀態(tài)所用反應(yīng)時(shí)更長(zhǎng)；不同具體情緒情況下的元情緒的反應(yīng)時(shí)存在差異；被試報(bào)告具體情緒的腦波變化與報(bào)告元情緒狀態(tài)的腦波變化存在差異。不同情緒體驗(yàn)的波幅與電極位置間具有顯著的交互作用,不同情緒體驗(yàn)在不同腦區(qū)電極點(diǎn)引起的腦波波幅不同,恐懼情緒體驗(yàn)在不同腦區(qū)均會(huì)引起比其他情緒體驗(yàn)更正的波幅,而厭惡情緒體驗(yàn)的波幅均會(huì)引起比其他情緒體驗(yàn)更負(fù)的波幅。個(gè)體報(bào)告具體情緒體驗(yàn)與元情緒自我覺(jué)察過(guò)程中,約在圖片呈現(xiàn)后250msERPs出現(xiàn)分離；250ms之前兩過(guò)程的ERPs在潛伏期和波幅上均不存在差異,250ms到300ms,以及300ms到800ms之間ERPs波幅上均存在顯著差異；個(gè)體在對(duì)自身情緒進(jìn)行覺(jué)察的過(guò)程中,ERPs波幅更低。額區(qū)比頂區(qū)和枕區(qū)出現(xiàn)更加明顯的分離現(xiàn)象,且額區(qū)出現(xiàn)更加顯著的激活。 結(jié)論：恐懼情緒體驗(yàn)的反應(yīng)時(shí)最短,其次是愉快情緒體驗(yàn),悲傷和厭惡情緒體驗(yàn)的反應(yīng)時(shí)相對(duì)較長(zhǎng),且彼此間差異顯著；四種情緒體驗(yàn)在不同腦區(qū)電極點(diǎn)引起的腦波波幅不同,恐懼情緒體驗(yàn)引起的波幅更正,厭惡情緒體驗(yàn)引起的波幅更負(fù)。四種情緒元情緒自我覺(jué)察狀態(tài)的反應(yīng)時(shí)存在顯著差異；個(gè)體具體情緒體驗(yàn)的波幅比元情緒自我覺(jué)察狀態(tài)的波幅更正,個(gè)體具體情緒體驗(yàn)過(guò)程與元情緒自我覺(jué)察過(guò)程存在不同的神經(jīng)機(jī)制；個(gè)體元情緒自我覺(jué)察對(duì)情緒感受具有抑制作用。
[Abstract]:The brain mechanism of emotion, as the main direction of cognitive neuroscience of emotion, has been paid more and more attention by researchers in recent years. Dolcos (2004) applied fMRI technology to the study of emotion perception and discovered the role of prefrontal cortex and amygdala. Amygdala nuclear energy can quickly detect the basic emotional color of stimuli, and the prefrontal cortex plays an important role in the process of high emotional evaluation. A number of studies have found that in the frontal, central and parietal lobes of the cerebral cortex, emotional images induce greater late positive amplitude than neutral images. Based on the developmental problem of emotion, the relationship between individual specific emotional experience and meta-emotional state is studied by using ERP technology. The research adopts the image perception paradigm of emotion, standardizes the scene emotion picture, the reflection consistency is above 80% on average, distinguishes the specific emotion category: pleasure, sadness, disgust and fear. Experiment 1 was designed for 4 (emotional categories: pleasure, sadness, disgust and fear) 脳 5 (electrode position: FPZZ, Cz, Pz, Oz); In experiment 2 (two emotional states) 脳 4 (emotion category), the ERPs analysis electrode was designed to select 5 electrodes (prefrontal FPZ; frontal FZ; central region CZ; parietal PZ; occipital region OZ). The results show that there are differences in the reaction time of individual to specific emotional experience, the reaction time of individual reporting meta emotional state is longer than that of reporting basic emotional state, the reaction time of meta emotion is different under different specific emotional conditions. There was a difference between the change of brain wave in specific emotion and the change of brain wave in the state of reporting meta-emotion. There was significant interaction between the amplitude of different emotional experience and the electrode position. The amplitude of brain wave caused by different emotional experience in different brain regions was different, and the amplitude of fear emotion experience in different brain regions was more correct than that of other emotional experiences. The amplitude of aversion to emotional experience is more negative than other emotional experiences. In the process of individual reporting specific emotional experience and meta-emotional self-awareness, there is a separation of 250msERPs after the picture is presented. There was no significant difference in the latency and amplitude of ERPs between 250 Ms and 300 Ms in the two processes before 250ms, and there were significant differences in the amplitudes of ERPs between 300ms and 800ms, and the amplitude of ERPs was lower in the process of perceiving one's own emotions. The frontal area is more distinct than the parietal area and occipital area, and the frontal area is more activated. Conclusion: the reaction time of fear emotional experience is the shortest, the second is pleasant emotional experience, the reaction time of sad and disgust emotional experience is relatively long, and the difference between them is significant. The amplitude correction caused by fear emotion experience is more negative than that caused by aversion emotion experience. There were significant differences in the response time of the four emotional meta-emotional self-awareness states, the amplitude of individual specific emotional experience was higher than that of meta-emotional self-awareness state. There are different neural mechanisms between the process of individual specific emotional experience and the process of meta-emotional self-awareness, and individual meta-emotional self-awareness has an inhibitory effect on emotional feelings.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：信陽(yáng)師范學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842.6

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