睡眠依賴性記憶鞏固受年老化影響的機制
[Abstract]:Sleep not only has important physiological significance, but also plays an important role in the cognitive process. Studies have shown that sleep immediately after learning helps to maintain and improve memory compared with waking up at the same time after learning. With the increase of sleep duration, sleep fragmentation, sleep efficiency and slow-wave sleep, the memory-dependent memory consolidation is impaired in the aging process. Although a large number of studies have shown that sleep-dependent memory consolidation is impaired during aging, the results are inconsistent due to memory types, sleep stages, and memory retrieval methods. In recent years, studies on the consolidation of sleep-dependent emotional memory have shown that compared with the consolidation of neutral memory, sleep has a greater effect on the consolidation of emotional memory, and this effect exists when compared with the consolidation of neutral memory. Previous studies have generally supported the positive emotional bias in the emotional processing of the elderly, i.e. memory, attention, decision-making and other areas of the elderly showing a bias towards positive stimuli and avoidance of negative stimuli. In view of this, we carried out the following three studies for the purpose of this study: 1. To explore the age-related effects of sleep-dependent memory consolidation using meta-analysis techniques. A total of 15 literature packages were screened. Twenty-two studies were included in the meta-analysis. The study first compared the differences in the consolidation effects of sleep-dependent memory between young and old people; then examined the age differences in the consolidation of sleep-dependent memory by memory types; and finally explored the true sources of age differences under sleep and waking conditions. Dependent memory consolidation was impaired during aging and mainly manifested in declarative memory, while significant age-related effects were mainly caused by memory differences during sleep. Postschool sleep is beneficial to the consolidation of neutral memory in young adults, but for the elderly, sleep selectively promotes the consolidation of positive emotional memory in the elderly, suggesting that there is a positive emotional bias in the consolidation of sleep-dependent memory in the elderly. In addition, the study found a relationship between the proportion of deep sleep and the retention of negative emotional memory in young adults. There was a significant negative correlation, but this correlation was not significant in the elderly, suggesting that the positive emotional bias in the consolidation of sleep-dependent memory in the elderly may be related to the interruption of the connection between deep sleep and negative memory. The results showed that the spatial forgetting rate of negative pictures was higher than that of neutral pictures, while the spatial forgetting rate of negative pictures was lower than that of neutral pictures. There is a positive emotional bias in sleep-dependent memory: the elderly pay more attention to the spatial location of pictures because of the avoidance of negative emotions of pictures, while the young are attracted to the negative emotions of pictures too much, which reduces the attention to the spatial location of pictures, resulting in the spatial location of the two valence pictures after sleep. In summary, the results show that sleep impairs memory consolidation in older adults, and the age difference of sleep-dependent memory consolidation is mainly manifested in declarative memory. There is also a positive emotional bias effect in sleep-dependent memory consolidation in older adults. This study quantifies sleep for the first time. In addition to enriching the evidence of the effect of aging on the consolidation of sleep-dependent memory, we also studied the neural mechanism behind the consolidation of sleep-dependent memory and the cognitive intervention of the elderly. The study provides a theoretical basis.
【學位授予單位】:西南大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2017
【分類號】:B842.3
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