獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)與沖突預(yù)期對(duì)認(rèn)知控制的影響
[Abstract]:In order to make appropriate behavioral responses and accomplish the corresponding task objectives, people often need to control irrelevant interference information, which depends on cognitive control. There are many theories about cognitive control, Braver et al. put forward the theory of double cognitive control in 2007, which provides a new perspective for cognitive control theory and believes that cognitive control can be used. There are two kinds of cognitive control: active control and reactive control. Each kind of cognitive control has its own characteristics. They are separated and cooperated with each other. Many studies have shown that reward can improve individual task performance and enhance individual initiative control. In addition to reward, conflict expectation is also an important factor affecting cognitive control. When a high proportion of inconsistent attempts are expected, individuals tend to strengthen proactive control in order to reduce conflict. Stroop task is an important paradigm of conflict task in cognitive control research, in which the Stroop effect can be used as an important paradigm. Indicators reflecting the overall level of cognitive control, individual reinforcement of active control or reactive control will reduce the Stroop effect, while conflict adaptation effect is considered to reflect reactive control. In addition, previous studies have explored the impact of a certain factor on cognitive control, but few have combined the two factors to study the impact of cognitive control, whether there is interaction between these factors is not clear. In the first experiment, three colors and corresponding color words were used. Stroop effect and conflict adaptation effect were used as indicators. Two main questions were studied: (1) Whether conflict adaptation effect (reactive control) would occur under the condition of enhanced active control. The results of Experiment 1 showed that: (1) the conflict adaptation effect of error rate under the condition of threshold and subthreshold reward was significantly lower than that without reward; (2) the Stroop effect was significantly lower in the response time of threshold reward, and the error rate Stroop effect was significantly lower than that without reward. In experiment 2, four kinds of color words and corresponding color words were used and divided into two item color phrases. The proportion of consistent trial to inconsistent trial was the same. Based on the size of Stroop effect, two main problems were studied: (1) reward and conflict expectation were Whether there is interaction or not; (2) Whether the effects of subthreshold reward and conflict expectation on conflict control are different from those of subthreshold reward and conflict expectation on cognitive control. Significantly, there was a marginal significant difference between the Strop effect of subthreshold reward and the Strop effect of no reward, but there was no significant difference between the Strop effect of subthreshold reward and that of no reward under high conflict expectation. The results of Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 show that: (1) the conflict adaptation effect decreases when the initiative control is strengthened, that is, the adoption of reactive control. (3) Subliminal reward and conflict expectation have the same effect on cognitive control as subliminal reward and conflict expectation; (4) Overall, both subliminal reward and subliminal reward are increased. In contrast, subliminal reward has less effect on cognitive control than subliminal reward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:深圳大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2017
【分類號(hào)】:B842.1
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