【摘要】：由于經(jīng)濟(jì)的迅速發(fā)展,科學(xué)醫(yī)療技術(shù)水平的進(jìn)步,人均壽命的提高,使得全球人口結(jié)構(gòu)趨于老化。如何為老人提供一個(gè)安度晚年的戶(hù)外活動(dòng)環(huán)境,成為園林規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)人員的光榮使命。綜合性城市公園以其優(yōu)越的環(huán)境條件,成為眾多老人戶(hù)外活動(dòng)的首選場(chǎng)地,因此為老人提供一個(gè)適宜的公園綠地環(huán)境,對(duì)老人身心健康的發(fā)展具有重大意義。本文應(yīng)用實(shí)地考察、問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,日常積累等方法,對(duì)天津市綜合性公園老人使用情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,提出適宜老年人的綜合性公園綠地建設(shè)的原則及要點(diǎn),并以天津市北寧公園為例,提出適宜老年人使用的改造方案,使其更好地為老年人服務(wù)。全文包括五部分內(nèi)容： 1、老年人特征及其對(duì)公園綠地的需求,主要包括老年人生理特征、心理特征及行為特征對(duì)公園綠地的需求。 2、對(duì)天津市兩個(gè)綜合性公園的使用情況進(jìn)行實(shí)地考察,對(duì)老年人基本情況、活動(dòng)特征及其對(duì)公園環(huán)境評(píng)價(jià)展開(kāi)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,從而總結(jié)出天津市綜合性公園綠地在適合老年人方面的建設(shè)中存在的問(wèn)題并提出改進(jìn)方法。 3、通過(guò)調(diào)研天津市綜合性公園綠地,提出天津市公園綠地中老年人活動(dòng)空間的建設(shè)原則和要點(diǎn)。 4、以天津北寧公園為例,在分析、總結(jié)北寧公園存在問(wèn)題的基礎(chǔ)上,以適宜老年人的綜合性公園綠地建設(shè)的原則及要點(diǎn)為指導(dǎo),對(duì)其在適合老年人建設(shè)中存在的不足進(jìn)行改造設(shè)計(jì)。 5、以河西區(qū)柳林景區(qū)為例,總結(jié)居民區(qū)周邊的老年人行為特點(diǎn),根據(jù)行為心理學(xué)對(duì)周邊景區(qū)做建設(shè)設(shè)計(jì),將心理、功能和城市公共空間統(tǒng)一起來(lái),進(jìn)行綜合設(shè)計(jì)。 綜上所述,本文得出以下主要結(jié)論：初步建立了以需求層次理論、行為學(xué)理論、微氣候?qū)W理論、人體工效學(xué)理論、游憩學(xué)理論、人性化設(shè)計(jì)和通用設(shè)計(jì)理論為基礎(chǔ)的適宜老年人的綜合性公園綠地建設(shè)的理論基礎(chǔ)；總結(jié)影響老年人對(duì)公園利用的因素。提出適宜老年人的綜合性公園綠地建設(shè)的原則及要點(diǎn)。最后將所得結(jié)論應(yīng)用到具體實(shí)踐中,對(duì)北寧公園從建筑、植物、水體、道路、設(shè)施、活動(dòng)空間等方面,針對(duì)老年人的行為特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了全方位的改造,創(chuàng)造性的提出感官花園的設(shè)計(jì)方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the progress of scientific and medical technology and the increase of life expectancy, the global population structure tends to be aging. How to provide an outdoor environment for the elderly in their old age has become the glorious mission of garden planners. Because of its superior environmental conditions, comprehensive urban park has become the first choice for many elderly people's outdoor activities, so it is of great significance to provide a suitable park green space environment for the elderly to develop their physical and mental health. Based on the methods of field investigation, questionnaire investigation, daily accumulation and so on, this paper investigates the use of elderly people in comprehensive parks in Tianjin, and puts forward the principles and main points of green space construction of comprehensive parks suitable for the elderly. Taking Beining Park in Tianjin as an example, this paper puts forward a reform scheme suitable for the elderly so as to make it better serve for the elderly. The full text includes five parts: 1, the characteristics of the elderly and their demand for park green space, mainly including the physiological characteristics of the elderly, Second, the use of two comprehensive parks in Tianjin was investigated on the spot, the basic situation of the elderly, the characteristics of activities and the evaluation of the park environment were investigated by questionnaire. In order to sum up the problems existing in the construction of comprehensive park green space in Tianjin for the elderly, and put forward the improvement methods. 3. Through the investigation and investigation of the comprehensive park green space in Tianjin, This paper puts forward the construction principles and main points of the activity space for the middle-aged and the elderly in the park green space of Tianjin. 4. Taking Beining Park in Tianjin as an example, on the basis of analyzing and summarizing the problems existing in the park, Under the guidance of the principles and main points of the comprehensive park green space construction suitable for the elderly, the defects in the construction of the park suitable for the elderly are reformed and designed. 5. Taking the Liulin scenic spot in Hexi district as an example, This paper summarizes the behavior characteristics of the elderly around residential areas, designs the surrounding scenic spots according to behavioral psychology, unifies the psychology, function and urban public space, and carries on the comprehensive design. To sum up, the main conclusions are as follows: the theory of hierarchy of needs, the theory of behavior, the theory of microclimate, the theory of ergonomics, the theory of recreation, On the basis of humanized design and general design theory, the theoretical basis of comprehensive park greenbelt construction suitable for the elderly is discussed, and the factors influencing the utilization of the park by the elderly are summarized. This paper puts forward the principles and main points of the construction of comprehensive park green space suitable for the elderly. Finally, the conclusions are applied to the concrete practice, and the Beining Park is transformed from the aspects of architecture, plants, water, roads, facilities, activity space, and so on, aiming at the behavior characteristics of the elderly. Creatively propose the design method of sensory garden.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B844.4;TU986.5

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