【摘要】：情緒困難是注意缺損障礙(Attention Deficit Disorder,以下簡(jiǎn)稱ADD)兒童的重要缺陷之一,主要表現(xiàn)為難以調(diào)節(jié)和控制情緒,即情緒失調(diào)。另外,ADD兒童的首要缺陷是執(zhí)行功能上的抑制控制不足。結(jié)合相關(guān)理論及以往研究結(jié)果推測(cè),ADD兒童的情緒失調(diào)可能與他們?cè)趫?zhí)行功能抑制方面的缺陷有關(guān)。執(zhí)行功能包括冷執(zhí)行和熱執(zhí)行兩種成分,分析這兩種成分與情緒失調(diào)的關(guān)系有助于進(jìn)一步了解ADD兒童情緒失調(diào)的內(nèi)在機(jī)制。此外,由于消極和積極情緒的產(chǎn)生機(jī)理不同,ADD兒童的情緒失調(diào)可能存在情境特殊性。由此,本研究考察了ADD兒童在消極和積極情境中的情緒失調(diào)情況,以及情緒失調(diào)與冷、熱執(zhí)行功能的關(guān)系。本研究以上海兩所小學(xué)的四年級(jí)學(xué)生為被試,通過Conners教師評(píng)定問卷和日常注意測(cè)驗(yàn)篩選出41名ADD兒童和41名正常兒童,對(duì)他們施測(cè)持續(xù)注意響應(yīng)任務(wù)(theSustained Attention to Response Task,以下簡(jiǎn)稱SART)和顏色Stroop兩個(gè)冷執(zhí)行功能任務(wù)、Iowa博弈和延遲折扣兩個(gè)熱執(zhí)行功能任務(wù),以及衡量情緒失調(diào)的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)拼圖任務(wù)�？紤]到情緒失調(diào)和執(zhí)行功能實(shí)驗(yàn)范式的差異可能會(huì)對(duì)兩者的關(guān)系結(jié)果產(chǎn)生影響,我們基于執(zhí)行功能任務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)了新的情緒失調(diào)任務(wù),對(duì)同一批被試施測(cè)Wisconsin卡片分類測(cè)驗(yàn)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱WCST)和基于WCST改編的情緒失調(diào)任務(wù)。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)：1)ADD兒童與正常兒童相比存在情緒失調(diào),但他們對(duì)情緒并非完全不能控制,當(dāng)被要求控制情緒的情況下,他們能在一定程度上降低自己的情緒失調(diào)程度；2)ADD兒童的情緒失調(diào)具有情境特殊性,他們?cè)谙麡O情境和積極情境中的表現(xiàn)不同,在消極情境中情緒失調(diào)程度較高,在積極情境中他們能相對(duì)更好地控制自己的情緒；3)ADD兒童在冷執(zhí)行功能的抑制成分和部分熱執(zhí)行功能上存在缺陷,在基于執(zhí)行功能范式的情緒失調(diào)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,具有抑制缺陷的ADD兒童在消極情境中的情緒失調(diào)得分與抑制缺陷有中等程度的相關(guān)。
[Abstract]:Emotional difficulty is one of the most important defects in children with Attention deficit disorder (add). It is difficult to regulate and control emotion, that is, emotional disorder. In addition, the main deficiency of ADD children is the lack of inhibition and control in executive function. Based on the relevant theories and previous studies, it is speculated that the emotional disorders of add children may be related to their deficiencies in executive function inhibition. The executive function includes cold execution and hot execution. The analysis of the relationship between these two components and emotional disorders is helpful to further understand the intrinsic mechanism of add children's emotional disorders. In addition, there may be situational particularity of emotional disorders in children with add due to the different mechanism of negative and positive emotions. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between emotional disorders and cold and hot executive functions in add children in both negative and positive situations. In this study, 41 add children and 41 normal children were selected by Conners teacher assessment questionnaire and daily attention test. The sustained Attention to response task (SART) and the color-Stroop cold executive task, Iowa game and delayed discount hot task, as well as competitive puzzles to measure emotional disorders, were performed on them. Considering that differences in emotional disorders and experimental paradigms of executive function may have an impact on the outcome of the relationship, we have designed new emotional disorders based on executive functional tasks. Wisconsin Card sorting Test (WCST) and emotion Disorder Task based on WCST were applied to the same group of subjects. The results showed that: (1) Add children have emotional disorders compared with normal children, but they are not completely unable to control their emotions. When asked to control their emotions, they can reduce their emotional disorders to a certain extent. 2) Add children's emotional disorder has the particularity of situation, their performance in the negative situation and the positive situation is different, in the negative situation, the emotional disorder degree is higher, in the positive situation they can control their own emotion better; 3) Add children have defects in the inhibition of cold executive function and part of hot executive function, and in the experiment of emotional disorders based on executive function paradigm, There was a moderate correlation between the scores of emotional disorders in negative situations and the inhibition defects in ADD children with inhibition deficiency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：B844.1

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