本文選題：信任 + 陌生人��； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著老年人年齡的增加,個(gè)體的身體機(jī)能開始衰退,使得老年人人際交往的范圍和頻率開始降低,但與陌生人的交往仍是老年人生活中的一部分,可隨著各類媒體現(xiàn)今關(guān)于陌生人信任危機(jī)事件的報(bào)道和提出與陌生人交往的警惕提示,使得老年人對(duì)與陌生人交往過度擔(dān)心和謹(jǐn)慎,這不僅影響老年人社會(huì)關(guān)系的和諧發(fā)展,對(duì)老年人生活質(zhì)量同樣具有不利影響,而且增加了老年人健康老化的成本。探究老年人對(duì)陌生人信任的特點(diǎn)及影響因素,不僅對(duì)老年人陌生人信任有一個(gè)較為全面的了解,而且為幫助老年人樹立正確的陌生人信任觀提供支持。 本研究主要包括四個(gè)部分內(nèi)容：第一部分主要采用自由聯(lián)想的方法探討老年人對(duì)陌生人的印象特點(diǎn)；第二部主要采用開放式問卷調(diào)查影響老年人對(duì)陌生人信任的因素；第三部分主要采用典型信任情景對(duì)老年人陌生人信任進(jìn)行證實(shí)；第四部分主要通過實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證老年人陌生人信任,同時(shí)進(jìn)一步明確影響因素中過去經(jīng)歷類型、受信方年齡特征和不同類型陌生人對(duì)老年人陌生人信任的影響。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)： (1)總體上,老年人對(duì)陌生人的印象呈現(xiàn)消極的特點(diǎn),具體內(nèi)容主要包括四個(gè)方面：主體認(rèn)知、主體情緒、客體個(gè)性和客體角色,其中以對(duì)陌生人的認(rèn)知評(píng)價(jià)為主；老年入對(duì)陌生人的典型印象為：不了解、不認(rèn)識(shí)、不相信、不理睬、擔(dān)心、怕上當(dāng)受騙、不交談來往、不相干、留心、謹(jǐn)慎。 (2)采用典型信任情景問卷調(diào)查證實(shí)：老年人對(duì)陌生人的信任總體上呈現(xiàn)較低水平,表現(xiàn)為不信任。在性別、年齡和月收入水平上,老年人陌生人信任存在邊緣顯著,具體表現(xiàn)為：男性個(gè)體陌生人信任高于女性；隨著年齡的增加,個(gè)體對(duì)陌生人的信任降低；月收入水平越高,其陌生人信任程度越大；文化程度和職業(yè)類型對(duì)老年人陌生人信任影響不顯著。 (3)影響老年人對(duì)陌生人信任的因素主要包括以下六個(gè)方面：受信方特征、過去經(jīng)歷類型、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估、信任方特征、內(nèi)容特征、雙方相似性。其中以受信方特征的影響居多,其次為過去經(jīng)歷類型的影響。進(jìn)一步實(shí)驗(yàn)發(fā)現(xiàn),過去經(jīng)歷類型、陌生人年齡特征和陌生人類型對(duì)個(gè)體陌生人信任存在顯著影響,具體表現(xiàn)為：整體上,年輕人陌生人信任顯著高于老年人(對(duì)陌生兒童的信任除外)；經(jīng)歷類型對(duì)年輕人的陌生人信任影響差異不顯著,對(duì)老年人的影響差異顯著：積極經(jīng)歷和消極經(jīng)歷組信任顯著高于控制組；年輕人對(duì)老年陌生人信任最高,其后依次為：兒童陌生人、年輕陌生人；老年人對(duì)老年陌生人和兒童陌生人信任最高,對(duì)年輕陌生人最低；不論是老年人還是年輕人,面對(duì)共同評(píng)定為信任的圖片其信任程度均顯著高于評(píng)定為非共同信任的圖片；對(duì)信任圖片的評(píng)定均顯著高于不信任的圖片。
[Abstract]:As the elderly age increases, the body function of the individual begins to decline, making the range and frequency of interpersonal communication of the elderly begin to decrease, but the interaction with strangers is still a part of the life of the elderly. However, with all kinds of media reports on the crisis of strangers' trust and warning of strangers' contact, the elderly people are too worried and cautious about strangers' contact, which not only affects the harmonious development of the elderly's social relations. It also has a negative impact on the quality of life of the elderly, and increases the cost of healthy aging of the elderly. Exploring the characteristics and influencing factors of the old people's trust in strangers not only has a more comprehensive understanding of the old people's strangers' trust, but also provides support for the elderly to establish a correct concept of strangers' trust. This research mainly includes four parts: the first part mainly uses the free association method to explore the old people's impression characteristic to the stranger, the second part mainly uses the open questionnaire to influence the old people to the stranger trust factor; The third part mainly uses the typical trust situation to verify the trust of the elderly strangers. The fourth part mainly verifies the trust of the elderly strangers through the method of experiment, and further clarifies the type of past experience among the influencing factors. The age characteristics of the trusted party and the influence of different types of strangers on the trust of elderly strangers. The results are as follows: (1) on the whole, the old people's impression of strangers shows negative characteristics, and the concrete contents mainly include four aspects: subject cognition, subject emotion, object personality and object role. The typical impression of strangers in old age is: do not understand, do not know, do not believe, ignore, worry, fear of being cheated, do not talk, have nothing to do with, pay attention, (2) A typical trust situation questionnaire was used to confirm that the trust of the elderly to strangers was generally low, and showed distrust. In terms of gender, age and monthly income level, the trust of strangers in the elderly has significant edge, which shows that the trust of strangers in men is higher than that in women; with the increase of age, the trust of individuals in strangers decreases; the level of monthly income is higher. The greater the degree of trust of strangers, the less significant the influence of education level and occupation type on the trust of strangers. (3) the factors that affect the trust of strangers include the following six aspects: the characteristics of trusted parties. Past experience types, risk assessment, trust-side characteristics, content features, and mutual similarities. Among them, the influence of the character of the trusted party is the most, followed by the influence of the past experience type. Further experiments showed that the types of past experiences, the age characteristics of strangers and the types of strangers had significant effects on the trust of individual strangers. The trust of strangers in young people was significantly higher than that in the elderly (except for unfamiliar children), and there was no significant difference in the influence of experience types on the trust of strangers in young people. The influence on the elderly was significant: the trust of the positive and negative experience groups was significantly higher than that of the control group, the young people had the highest trust in the elderly strangers, followed by children strangers, young strangers; The old people had the highest trust to old strangers and children strangers, and the lowest to young strangers. The trust images were significantly higher than the non-trusted images.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.4

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