本文選題：小學(xué)高年級學(xué)生 + 自我意識(shí)�。� 參考：《河北師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：中小學(xué)生是國家的未來與希望,被人們寄予了健康成長的厚望。然而中小學(xué)生在成長過程中會(huì)不斷面臨來自于諸如入學(xué)適應(yīng)、學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境等方面的困擾與問題,因此,心理健康對于廣大中小學(xué)生而言,是成長發(fā)展過程中的重要目標(biāo)之一。2002年,《中小學(xué)生心理健康教育指導(dǎo)綱要》由教育部權(quán)威頒布,其中對于中小學(xué)生可能存在的心理健康問題首次以國家綱領(lǐng)性文件的方式向全社會(huì)進(jìn)行公開,并以此為綱,開始科學(xué)地指導(dǎo)和規(guī)范中小學(xué)的心理健康教育工作。小學(xué)是九年義務(wù)教育的起點(diǎn),也是受眾面最廣的教育階段。權(quán)威數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2016年,我國共有超過9980萬在校小學(xué)生,直逼一億大關(guān),其中應(yīng)屆畢業(yè)小學(xué)生人數(shù)為1437.2萬。這一千多萬高年級小學(xué)生的身心健康狀態(tài)不僅會(huì)反映出過去幾年學(xué)習(xí)的整體累積效應(yīng),同時(shí)也在一定程度上預(yù)示著個(gè)體能否正常升入高一級的學(xué)校,繼續(xù)健康成長。自我意識(shí)是對自我及其與周圍關(guān)系的意識(shí),它包括個(gè)體對自身的意識(shí)和對自身與周圍世界關(guān)系的意識(shí)兩大部分。有研究者認(rèn)為,兒童青少年心理健康應(yīng)當(dāng)通過自我教育來進(jìn)行,很明顯,自我意識(shí)就是自我教育的前提。也就是說,自我意識(shí)水平是心理健康的重要指標(biāo)之一,個(gè)體應(yīng)當(dāng)追求客觀的自我評價(jià)、積極的自我悅納以及健康的自我形象。本研究主要采用問卷調(diào)查法和干預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn)法,對小學(xué)高年級學(xué)生的自我意識(shí)和心理健康現(xiàn)狀以及自我意識(shí)的改善及其與心理健康的關(guān)系等問題進(jìn)行探討。通過問卷調(diào)查和持續(xù)6次的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)干預(yù)研究,本研究不僅探究了以自我意識(shí)為團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)內(nèi)容的干預(yù)能否對自我意識(shí)產(chǎn)生影響,還嘗試探討了自我意識(shí)是否能夠在一定程度上提高學(xué)生心理健康水平。通過研究,共得出以下研究結(jié)果:第一,高年級小學(xué)生自我意識(shí)總體情況良好,尤其是比較具體的、行為能力方面、智力方面以及對學(xué)校的認(rèn)識(shí)等方面相對非常積極,而對于更加抽象的幸福感的認(rèn)知和感受性則相對較弱。高年級小學(xué)生普遍對于自身軀體外貌評價(jià)較低。第二,高年級小學(xué)生對于學(xué)習(xí)仍然存在較高的焦慮情緒;但孤獨(dú)感和沖動(dòng)性并非學(xué)生的普遍心理問題。第三,高年級小學(xué)生自我意識(shí)與心理健康存在顯著相關(guān)。自我意識(shí)能夠解釋心理健康狀況40.3%的變異量。第四,針對高年級小學(xué)生開展的以自我意識(shí)為內(nèi)容的團(tuán)體輔導(dǎo)干預(yù)活動(dòng)在一段時(shí)期內(nèi)可以取得顯著的促進(jìn)與提高效果。同時(shí),小學(xué)生自我意識(shí)的改善對心理健康有很大影響。
[Abstract]:Primary and middle school students are the future and hope of the country. However, in the process of growing up, primary and middle school students will continue to face difficulties and problems from such aspects as entrance adaptation, learning environment, etc. Therefore, mental health is for the majority of primary and middle school students. In 2002, the guiding Program of Mental Health Education for Primary and Middle School students was promulgated by the Ministry of Education. For the first time, the mental health problems of primary and middle school students are open to the whole society in the form of national programmatic documents, and on this basis, we begin to scientifically guide and standardize the mental health education in primary and secondary schools. Primary school is the starting point of nine-year compulsory education and the most widely accepted stage of education. According to authoritative data, in 2016, there were more than 99.8 million primary school students in our country, which was close to the 100 million mark, of which the number of graduating pupils was 14.372 million. The state of physical and mental health of the more than 10 million senior pupils will not only reflect the overall cumulative effect of learning in the past few years, but also indicate to a certain extent whether the individual can normally ascend to a higher school and continue to grow up healthily. Self-consciousness is the consciousness of the self and its relationship with its surroundings. It includes two parts: the consciousness of the individual and the consciousness of the relationship between the self and the surrounding world. Some researchers believe that the mental health of children and adolescents should be carried out through self-education, obviously, self-consciousness is the premise of self-education. In other words, the level of self-consciousness is one of the important indicators of mental health. Individuals should pursue objective self-evaluation, positive self-acceptance and healthy self-image. In this study, the self-awareness and mental health status of the senior primary school students and the relationship between self-consciousness and mental health were discussed by means of questionnaire and intervention experiment. Through the questionnaire survey and the study of group counseling intervention for 6 times, this study not only explored whether the intervention with self-awareness as the content of group counseling had an impact on self-awareness. It also tries to explore whether self-consciousness can improve the students' mental health to a certain extent. The results of the study are as follows: first, the overall self-awareness of senior school students is in good condition, especially in the specific, behavioral, intellectual, and school awareness, and so on. For more abstract sense of well-being, the cognitive and sensitivity is relatively weak. The higher grade pupils generally have low evaluation of their own physical appearance. Second, there is still high anxiety about learning among senior pupils, but loneliness and impulsiveness are not the common psychological problems of students. Thirdly, there is a significant correlation between self-consciousness and mental health. Self-consciousness could explain 40.3% of the variation of mental health. Fourthly, the self-awareness group counseling and intervention activities carried out for the senior primary school students can be promoted and improved significantly in a period of time. At the same time, the improvement of pupils' self-consciousness has great influence on mental health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B848

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