本文選題：視覺預(yù)期 + 注意指向��； 參考：《心理學(xué)報》2017年07期

【摘要】：采用經(jīng)典落球試驗研究范式,同步觀察視覺預(yù)期和注意指向?qū)ρ孔藙菁∪夂蜕现\動肌肉預(yù)期和補償姿勢調(diào)節(jié)的影響,探索視覺預(yù)期和注意指向影響姿勢控制的早期心理生理機制。24名青年志愿者(10名男性,14名女性)參與完成本實驗,分別在有、無視覺預(yù)期以及注意指向"托盤穩(wěn)定"或者"重心穩(wěn)定"的實驗條件下觀察外部姿勢干擾對腰部姿勢肌肉(L5~S1腰部多裂肌)和上肢動作肌肉(肱二頭肌)預(yù)期姿勢調(diào)節(jié)(anticipatory postural adjustments,APAs)和補償姿勢調(diào)節(jié)(compensatory postural adjustments,CPAs)相關(guān)時間和強度參數(shù)的影響。APAs和CPAs的時間和強度參數(shù)通過獲取被檢肌肉s EMG信號并參照相關(guān)檢測規(guī)范進行。結(jié)果顯示:(1)視覺預(yù)期對多裂肌的APAs啟動時間,對肱二頭肌的APAs啟動時間、APAs強度和CPAs強度有顯著影響;(2)注意指向?qū)Χ嗔鸭〉腃PAs啟動時間和肱二頭肌APAs啟動時間有顯著影響;(3)視覺預(yù)期和注意指向?qū)﹄哦^肌的APAs啟動時間和APAs強度有交互作用。研究認(rèn)為,突發(fā)外部姿勢干擾條件下姿勢肌肉和動作肌肉的姿勢調(diào)節(jié)策略具有一定的差異,視覺預(yù)期和注意指向僅對姿勢肌肉的時間參數(shù)有影響,對動作肌肉APAs和CPAs時間和強度參數(shù)都產(chǎn)生調(diào)節(jié)作用,表明在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的姿勢控制中,人體姿勢策略的調(diào)節(jié)是通過對姿勢肌肉和動作肌肉的雙重控制來完成的,視覺預(yù)期效應(yīng)和心理指向效應(yīng)反映在對不同功能肌肉前饋控制和反饋控制相應(yīng)參數(shù)的調(diào)節(jié)。
[Abstract]:The effects of visual expectation and attention direction on the waist posture muscle and upper limb motor muscle expectation and compensatory postural adjustment were observed simultaneously by using the classical drop test paradigm. Exploring the early psychophysiological mechanisms of visual anticipation and attention pointing to affect postural control. Twenty-four young volunteers and 10 males and 14 females participated in this study. Observation of external posture interference on lumbar posture muscle L5 / S1 waist polyfissure muscle and upper limb movement muscle (biceps brachii muscle) under experimental conditions with no visual expectation and attention directed towards "pallet stabilization" or "center of gravity stability" Effects of time and intensity parameters on the relative time and intensity parameters of adjuvatory postural adjusts and compensatory postural adjustments. The time and intensity parameters of APAs and CPAs were obtained by obtaining the s EMG signals of the muscles examined and referring to the relevant detection criteria. The results showed that the visual expected APAs start-up time for the polyphagus muscle, It has a significant effect on the APAs start-up time and CPAs intensity of biceps brachii muscle.) attention point has a significant effect on the CPAs startup time of polyfissure muscle and APAs start time of biceps brachii muscle) visual expectation and attention point APAs on biceps brachii muscle. Startup time interacts with APAs strength. The study shows that there are some differences in posture regulation strategies between posture muscles and action muscles under sudden external posture interference. Visual expectation and attention point only affect the time parameters of posture muscles. It can regulate the time and intensity parameters of APAs and CPAs, which indicates that in the central nervous system posture control, the adjustment of human posture strategy is accomplished by the dual control of posture muscle and action muscle. The visual expectation effect and the psychological point effect are reflected in the adjustment of the corresponding parameters of the feedforward control and feedback control of different functional muscles.
【作者單位】： 浙江大學(xué)心理與行為科學(xué)系;浙江大學(xué)體育與科學(xué)技術(shù)研究所;浙江警察學(xué)院偵查系;福建中醫(yī)藥大學(xué);
【基金】：國家自然科學(xué)基金項目(31671239) 2013~2017國家科技支撐計劃項目(2013BAI10B05)
【分類號】：B845.1

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