本文選題：性別刻板印象 + 反刻板信息��； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：刻板印象是生活中最普遍存在的社會現(xiàn)象,它是指我們對某個特定群體或社會階層的成員共有的特征所持的觀點。性別刻板印象是刻板印象的一種表現(xiàn)形式,它是指人們對特定群體或社會系統(tǒng)中的不同性別在行為、人格特征等方面的固定看法或信念。前人對刻板印象的研究大致分為兩個階段：第一個階段是探討刻板印象是穩(wěn)固的還是可以改變的知識結(jié)構(gòu)。越來越多的研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)刻板印象雖然有一定的頑固性,但并不是完全不可變的；研究的第二個階段主要集中于探索能使刻板印象發(fā)生改變或降低人們使用刻板信息可能性的因素。反刻板信息作為降低刻板印象的有效情境策略近些年來引起了研究者們的研究熱情,而將反刻板信息細分為反刻板特質(zhì)與反刻板行為來考察他們對刻板印象改變的影響是己有研究未涉及的。同時將反刻板信息這種環(huán)境因素與比較思維這一認知因素相結(jié)合,考察他們對刻板印象的改變是否存在交互影響也是前所未有的。本研究主要分為了三個研究進行：預(yù)研究采用問卷法結(jié)合前人研究首先生成了男性女性典型刻板印象特質(zhì),根據(jù)特質(zhì)收集對應(yīng)的行為,并對行為與特質(zhì)的對應(yīng)程度進行評定,最終生成八個女性刻板印象特質(zhì)與八個刻板印象行為,將其與典型男性姓名相聯(lián)系,生成后續(xù)實驗所需的反男性性別刻板印象特質(zhì)以及反男性刻板印象行為材料,最后對特質(zhì)和材料進行典型性和喜好度的評定,排除這兩個額外因素對因變量可能存在的影響。研究一通過單類別內(nèi)隱聯(lián)想測驗考察不同的反刻板印象信息對內(nèi)隱男性刻板印象的影響是否不同。通過實驗組和控制組的被試間設(shè)計,考察抽象和具體的反刻板信息對內(nèi)隱男性刻板印象的影響,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的反刻板信息對刻板印象改變的影響存在差異,具體的反刻板信息對男性刻板印象改變的影響更大。研究二通過2×2的被試間設(shè)計,考察不同思維條件下,不同的反刻板信息對刻板印象存在不同的影響。首先使用直接方式誘發(fā)被試的不同比較思維,接下來是不同反刻板印象信息的呈現(xiàn),最后讓被試填寫因變量問卷。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)在差異性思維條件下,反刻板特質(zhì)對刻板印象改變的影響更大；在相似性思維條件下,反刻板行為對刻板印象改變的影響更大。
[Abstract]:Stereotype is the most common social phenomenon in life. It refers to our views on the common characteristics of members of a particular group or social class. Gender stereotype is a form of expression of stereotype. It refers to people's fixed views or beliefs on the behavior and personality characteristics of different sexes in a particular group or social system. Previous researches on stereotype are divided into two stages: the first stage is to explore whether stereotype is firm or can change the knowledge structure. More and more studies have found that stereotype is not completely immutable, although it has some stubbornness. The second stage of the study mainly focuses on the factors that can change stereotype or reduce the possibility of using stereotype information. Anti-stereotype information as an effective situational strategy to reduce stereotype has aroused the enthusiasm of researchers in recent years. However, it has not been studied to subdivide the information of anti-stereotype into anti-stereotype and anti-stereotype to investigate their influence on the change of stereotype. At the same time, by combining the environmental factor of anti-stereotype information with the cognitive factor of comparative thinking, it is unprecedented to investigate whether there is interaction between them on the change of stereotype. This study is mainly divided into three studies: the pre-study using questionnaire method combined with previous studies to generate male and female stereotypical stereotypical trait, according to the characteristics of the collection of corresponding behavior, and to assess the degree of correspondence between behavior and trait. Finally, eight female stereotypical traits and eight stereotypical behaviors were generated, which were associated with typical male names, and the anti-male gender stereotype traits and anti-male stereotypical behavioral materials needed for follow-up experiments were generated. Finally, the characteristics and materials were evaluated for their typicality and preference, and the possible effects of these two additional factors on the dependent variables were excluded. In study one, the influence of different information on implicit male stereotype was investigated by single category implicit association test. The effects of abstract and concrete anti-stereotype information on the implicit male stereotype were investigated through the design between the experimental group and the control group. The results showed that there were differences in the influence of different anti-stereotype information on the change of stereotype. Specific anti-stereotype information has a greater impact on male stereotyping changes. In the second study, through the design of 2 脳 2 subjects, we investigated the different influence of different anti-stereotype information on stereotype under different thinking conditions. First, different comparative thinking was induced by direct way, then the information of different anti-stereotype was presented. Finally, the subjects were asked to fill out the dependent variable questionnaire. The results show that under the condition of different thinking, anti-stereotype has more influence on the change of stereotype, and under the condition of similar thinking, anti-stereotype has more influence on the change of stereotype.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：B842

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