本文選題：樂(lè)觀人格傾向 + 內(nèi)隱攻擊性��； 參考：《西北大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目前,國(guó)外對(duì)于積極心理學(xué)的研究如火如荼,而在國(guó)內(nèi)卻處于起步階段。攻擊性是近些年國(guó)內(nèi)外研究的熱點(diǎn),各國(guó)研究者們從不同角度對(duì)攻擊性進(jìn)行了研究,如人格特質(zhì)、父母教養(yǎng)方式、應(yīng)對(duì)方式等,但很少有作者探討樂(lè)觀與攻擊性的關(guān)系。情緒可以作為引發(fā)攻擊行為的一個(gè)線索,不同樂(lè)觀人格傾向者對(duì)于情緒的感受力并不相同,但并未有相關(guān)研究討論情緒在樂(lè)觀人格傾向特質(zhì)與攻擊性之間起的作用是什么。本研究選用處于沖突與矛盾當(dāng)中的成年初顯期的大學(xué)生為被試,以研究不同情緒狀態(tài)下對(duì)大學(xué)生樂(lè)觀人格傾向與攻擊性的影響是否不同。本研究首先使用量表對(duì)大學(xué)生群體進(jìn)行了預(yù)實(shí)驗(yàn),來(lái)探究樂(lè)觀人格傾向與敵對(duì)因子的關(guān)系,確認(rèn)存在相關(guān)關(guān)系后進(jìn)行了實(shí)驗(yàn)一。實(shí)驗(yàn)一采用問(wèn)卷調(diào)查和實(shí)驗(yàn)研究的方式,實(shí)驗(yàn)材料是大學(xué)生攻擊量表與自編的外部情緒性西蒙任務(wù)(EAST),以此測(cè)量樂(lè)觀人格傾向、內(nèi)隱攻擊性和外顯攻擊性及其關(guān)系。實(shí)驗(yàn)二是在實(shí)驗(yàn)一的基礎(chǔ)之上進(jìn)行,本研究將情緒誘發(fā)引入到實(shí)驗(yàn)中,探查情緒是否會(huì)對(duì)不同樂(lè)觀人格傾向個(gè)體的內(nèi)隱或外顯攻擊性產(chǎn)生不同影響。通過(guò)以上研究,本文得出結(jié)論如下:(1)樂(lè)觀人格傾向與SCL-90中的敵意因子具有相關(guān)關(guān)系,積極認(rèn)知與敵意存在顯著負(fù)相關(guān),消極認(rèn)知與敵意因子存在顯著正相關(guān)。(2)個(gè)體對(duì)攻擊詞匯具有內(nèi)隱偏好,均具有顯著的內(nèi)隱攻擊性。(3)樂(lè)觀傾向個(gè)體與悲觀傾向個(gè)體內(nèi)隱攻擊性不同,具有顯著性差異。悲觀傾向個(gè)體顯著高于樂(lè)觀傾向個(gè)體。性別之間的內(nèi)隱攻擊性差異不顯著。(4)情緒對(duì)于不同樂(lè)觀人格個(gè)體的攻擊性影響不同。不管是樂(lè)觀傾向個(gè)體還是悲觀傾向個(gè)體,情緒對(duì)內(nèi)隱攻擊性都不產(chǎn)生影響;而情緒對(duì)樂(lè)觀傾向個(gè)體和悲觀傾向個(gè)體的外顯攻擊性影響不同,負(fù)性情緒對(duì)悲觀傾向個(gè)體影響較大,對(duì)樂(lè)觀傾向個(gè)體無(wú)影響。
[Abstract]:At present, the study of positive psychology abroad is in full swing, but it is still in its infancy at home. Aggression has been a hot topic in recent years. Many researchers have studied aggression from different angles, such as personality traits, parenting styles, coping styles, etc. However, few authors have explored the relationship between optimism and aggression. Emotion can be used as a clue to trigger aggressive behavior. The emotional sensitivity of different optimistic personality tendency is different, but there is no related research to discuss the role of emotion in the relationship between optimistic personality disposition trait and aggression. In order to study whether the influence of different emotional states on the optimistic personality tendency and aggression of college students is different, this study selected the college students who were in conflict and contradiction in the beginning of the year as subjects. The first part of this study was to explore the relationship between optimistic personality tendency and hostile factors by using the scale to pre-test the college students. In the first experiment, a questionnaire and an experimental study were used to measure the positive personality tendency, implicit aggression, explicit aggression and their relationship between college students' aggression scale and external emotional Simon's task. The second experiment was carried out on the basis of experiment 1. This study introduced emotional induction into the experiment to explore whether emotion has different effects on the implicit or explicit aggression of individuals with different optimistic personality tendencies. Based on the above study, this paper concludes that: (1) the optimistic personality tendency is correlated with the hostile factors in SCL-90, and the positive cognition is negatively correlated with the hostility. There was a significant positive correlation between negative cognition and hostility factors. 2) individuals had implicit preference for aggressive vocabulary and both had significant implicit aggression. 3) there were significant differences in implicit aggression between individuals with optimistic tendency and those with pessimistic tendency. The tendency of pessimism is significantly higher than that of optimistic. There was no significant difference in implicit aggression between genders. 4) emotion had different effects on aggression of individuals with different optimistic personality. No matter whether it is optimistic tendency individual or pessimistic tendency individual, emotion has no effect on implicit aggression, but emotion has different influence on the explicit aggression of optimistic tendency individual and pessimistic tendency individual, negative emotion has great influence on pessimistic tendency individual. It has no effect on the individual optimistic tendency.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B848

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