本文選題：錯(cuò)誤記憶　切入點(diǎn)：知覺閉合任務(wù)　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：錯(cuò)誤記憶常常被認(rèn)為是記憶的負(fù)面產(chǎn)物,以往研究多關(guān)注于錯(cuò)誤記憶的影響因素和消極作用,然而近些年的研究表明錯(cuò)誤記憶并非正確記憶的對(duì)立面,在某些認(rèn)知相關(guān)的問題解決中具有積極作用。以大學(xué)生為被試,使用知覺閉合任務(wù)(PCT)結(jié)合DRM范式,對(duì)錯(cuò)誤記憶的啟動(dòng)效應(yīng)進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究,并探討了DRM詞表不同的效價(jià),有無再認(rèn)任務(wù)和測(cè)驗(yàn)時(shí)間對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響。實(shí)驗(yàn)一目的是探討記憶類型和DRM詞表的效價(jià)對(duì)被試完成知覺閉合任務(wù)成績(jī)的影響,隨機(jī)選取大學(xué)生被試34人,采用2(類型:錯(cuò)誤記憶/正確記憶)×2(詞的效價(jià):中性詞/負(fù)性詞)被試內(nèi)實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),因變量為知覺閉合任務(wù)中的反應(yīng)時(shí)。結(jié)果顯示:錯(cuò)誤記憶在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著快于正確記憶;項(xiàng)目類型主效應(yīng)差異顯著;負(fù)性詞語在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的反應(yīng)時(shí)顯著快于中性詞語。實(shí)驗(yàn)二隨機(jī)選取88名大學(xué)生被試,采用2(再認(rèn)任務(wù):有/無)×2(詞效價(jià):中性詞/負(fù)性詞)×2(測(cè)驗(yàn)時(shí)間:即時(shí)/2周后)混合實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計(jì),其中再認(rèn)任務(wù)的有無和測(cè)驗(yàn)時(shí)間為被試間變量,詞效價(jià)為被試內(nèi)變量,因變量為知覺閉合任務(wù)中的成績(jī)(反應(yīng)時(shí)),目的是排除再認(rèn)任務(wù)中詞語的呈現(xiàn)對(duì)實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的影響,并驗(yàn)證時(shí)間間隔的長(zhǎng)短對(duì)不同效價(jià)的詞性是否有交互作用以及上述實(shí)驗(yàn)變量的的改變對(duì)知覺閉合任務(wù)成績(jī)的影響。研究結(jié)果表明:無論有無再認(rèn)任務(wù),DRM詞表中負(fù)性效價(jià)詞的在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的反應(yīng)時(shí)均顯著低于中性效價(jià)詞語;無論在立即測(cè)驗(yàn)還是延時(shí)兩周后測(cè)驗(yàn),關(guān)鍵誘餌在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的反應(yīng)時(shí)均顯著快于學(xué)習(xí)項(xiàng)目的反應(yīng),延時(shí)兩周測(cè)驗(yàn)對(duì)負(fù)性效價(jià)詞的影響大于中性效價(jià)詞語。主要得出以下結(jié)論:錯(cuò)誤記憶比正確記憶在知覺閉合任務(wù)中有更好的啟動(dòng)效應(yīng),且無論被試是否接受再認(rèn)任務(wù),錯(cuò)誤記憶的啟動(dòng)效果好于包含其他的項(xiàng)目類型,負(fù)性效價(jià)的詞語在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的啟動(dòng)效果好于中性詞語,結(jié)果支持關(guān)聯(lián)激活理論;無論在立即測(cè)驗(yàn)還是延時(shí)兩周后測(cè)驗(yàn),關(guān)鍵誘餌在知覺閉合任務(wù)中的啟動(dòng)效果均好于其他項(xiàng)目類型;延時(shí)兩周測(cè)驗(yàn)對(duì)負(fù)性效價(jià)詞的影響相比中性效價(jià)詞語更為明顯。
[Abstract]:False memory is often considered a negative product of memory, previous studies pay more attention to the influence factors of false memory and negative effect, but recent studies show that false memory is not the correct memory on the opposite side, has a positive role in some cognitive to solve related problems. With college students as subjects, using perceptual closure task (PCT) according to the DRM paradigm, an empirical study on the priming effect on false memory, and discusses the different potency of DRM vocabulary recognition task, there is no impact on the experimental results and the test time. The purpose is to investigate effects of a titer of types of memory and DRM vocabulary for subjects completed perceptual closure task performance of college students were randomly selected. 34 subjects, with 2 (type: false memory / correct memory) * 2 (word valence: neutral words / negative words) within subjects design. The dependent variable is the perceptual closure task in response. The results show that the false memory response in the perceptual closure tasks significantly faster than the correct memory; the difference significant main effect of item type; negative words in response in the perceptual closure tasks significantly faster than neutral words. In experiment two, randomly selected 88 subjects, with 2 (recognition task: Yes / no) * 2 (word valence: neutral word / negative word) * 2 (test time: immediately after /2 weeks) mixed experimental design, the recognition task and the test time is between variables, the word was within subjects variables, the dependent variable is the performance in the task of perceptual closure (reaction the purpose is to eliminate the present), when the recognition task in terms of the impact on the experimental results, and verify whether the time interval of interaction and change the experimental variables on the perceptual closure task performance of potency of different parts of speech. The results show that: no matter whether there are any recognition Wu, negative words in the vocabulary of DRM in reaction to the perceptual closure task were significantly lower than that of neutral valence words; immediate or delayed test two weeks after the test, the key bait reaction in perceptual closure tasks in time was significantly faster than the learning project reaction, influence on negative words delay two week test is more than neutral words. The titer of the main draw the following conclusions: false memory than the correct memory task in a closed in perceptual priming effect better, and regardless of whether the subjects received recognition task, the false memory start effect is good to include other types of projects, the negative priming effect potency of words in the perceptual closure of the task better than neutral words, the results support association activation theory; immediate or delayed test two weeks after the test, the key bait in the priming effect of perceptual closure tasks are better than other types of projects; The effect of the delayed two week test on the negative valence words is more obvious than the neutral titer.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

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本文編號(hào)：1674004