本文選題：青少年心理危機　切入點：心理健康　出處：《廣州大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：本研究收集了2016年4月-2017年1月期間在廣州市中小學就讀的前往廣州市未成年人心理咨詢與援助中心尋求心理咨詢的心理危機中的青少年(年齡為10-18歲的,在生活中遇到各類自身無法應對的事件,并對心理造成困擾,出現(xiàn)情緒和行為問題,向?qū)I(yè)咨詢機構(gòu)尋求心理援助的青少年。)160名和對照組青少年(隨機抽取廣州市的在校中學生)189名,獲得他們的人口學信息資料、家庭狀況、在校狀況和心理健康、童年經(jīng)歷、情緒、生活事件、人格、應對方式等資料。通過對心理危機中的青少年和對照組青少年的心理健康水平和心理特征的對比,結(jié)果表明,(1)心理危機中的青少年中,女性的心理健康得分高于男性(t=-3.79,p0.05);(2)心理危機中的青少年心理健康總分顯著高于對照組青少年(t=4.06,p0.05);(3)在童年經(jīng)歷、焦慮情緒、負性生活事件方面,心理危機中的青少年在得分均顯著高于對照組青少年(t=4.67,p0.05;t=4.70,p0.05;t=4.63,p0.05);(4)心理危機中的青少年和對照組青少年在心理健康,以及心理健康的分量表:“人際焦慮”、“孤獨傾向”、“身體癥狀”、“恐怖傾向”四個方面差異顯著。且,它們與心理特征(理健康、童年經(jīng)歷、情緒、生活事件、人格、應對方式)的多元線性回歸結(jié)果為:(5)焦慮、情緒穩(wěn)定性、內(nèi)外向、情緒指向的應對四個預測變量對心理健康有顯著影響;(6)內(nèi)外向、情緒穩(wěn)定性、情緒指向的應對三個預測變量對“人際焦慮”有顯著影響;(7)情緒穩(wěn)定性、內(nèi)外向、精神質(zhì)、抑郁四個預測變量對“孤獨傾向”有顯著影響;(8)情緒穩(wěn)定性、幼稚性、焦慮、童年經(jīng)歷、精神質(zhì)五個預測變量對“身體癥狀”有顯著影響;(9)情緒穩(wěn)定性、童年經(jīng)歷對“沖動傾向”有顯著影響(10)心理健康、問題指向的應對、焦慮可以預測是否尋求心理咨詢。通過以上研究結(jié)果可以得出以下結(jié)論,(1)心理危機中的青少年在心理健康和心理特征方面和對照組青少年有顯著差異;(2)心理危機嚴重影響青少年心理健康;青少年心理危機的預警指標:心理健康總分超過64分、心理健康分量表“人際焦慮”大于8分、心理健康分量表“孤獨傾向”大于8分、心理健康分量表“身體癥狀”大于8分、心理健康分量表“沖動傾向”大于8分。當滿足這5項中的任何一項時,青少年個體就發(fā)生了心理危機;(3)心理危機的預測因素有:童年經(jīng)歷、情緒穩(wěn)定性、內(nèi)外向、焦慮、應對方式等。最后,本研究根據(jù)以上實證研究結(jié)果,提出了青少年個體心理危機的預警體系。
[Abstract]:This study collected adolescents (aged 10-18 years) in crisis who attended primary and secondary schools in Guangzhou from April 2016 to January 2017 to seek psychological counseling at the Guangzhou Center for Psychological Counseling and Assistance for minors. In life, they encounter all kinds of events that they cannot cope with, and cause psychological distress, emotional and behavioral problems, A total of 160 adolescents seeking psychological assistance from specialized counseling institutions and a control group (189 middle school students in Guangzhou were randomly selected to obtain demographic information, family status, school status and mental health, childhood experience, etc.). Data on emotion, Life events, Personality, coping Styles. By comparing the mental health level and psychological characteristics of adolescents in psychological crisis with those in control group, the results show that (1) among adolescents in psychological crisis, The score of mental health of female was higher than that of male.) the total score of mental health of adolescent in psychological crisis was significantly higher than that in control group (4.06%, p 0.05)) in the aspects of childhood experience, anxiety, negative life events, the total score of female mental health was significantly higher than that of the control group. The scores of adolescents in psychological crisis were significantly higher than those in the control group. There are significant differences in four aspects of mental health: interpersonal anxiety, loneliness, physical symptoms, and terror. And they are associated with psychological traits (mental health, childhood experience, emotion, life events, personality, etc.). Coping style) multiple linear regression results showed that: 5) anxiety, emotional stability, introversion and extroversion of coping variables had significant effects on mental health. The three predictive variables of emotion direction had significant influence on interpersonal anxiety (7) emotional stability, introversion, psychoticism and depression had significant effects on "loneliness tendency" (4) emotional stability, childish, anxiety, etc. Childhood experience, five predictors of mental quality had significant effects on "physical symptoms" (9) emotional stability, childhood experience on "impulsive tendency" significantly affected 10) mental health, problem-oriented coping, Anxiety can predict whether to seek psychological counseling. From the above results, we can draw the following conclusions: 1) there are significant differences in mental health and psychological characteristics between the adolescents in psychological crisis and those in the control group (2) psychological crisis. Seriously affecting the mental health of adolescents; Early warning index of adolescent psychological crisis: total score of mental health exceeded 64, mental health subscale "interpersonal anxiety" > 8, mental health subscale "loneliness tendency" > 8, mental health subscale "loneliness tendency" > 8 points, mental health subscale "interpersonal anxiety" > 8 points, The mental health subscale "physical symptoms" is more than 8 points, and the mental health subscale "impulse tendency" is more than 8 points. The predictors of psychological crisis are childhood experience, emotional stability, introversion and extroversion, anxiety, coping style and so on. The early warning system of individual psychological crisis of teenagers is put forward.
【學位授予單位】：廣州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B844.2

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