本文選題：權(quán)力特質(zhì)　切入點(diǎn)：權(quán)力感知　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：心理學(xué)把權(quán)力界定為通過(guò)資源的控制和支配對(duì)他人產(chǎn)生影響的一種能力。傳統(tǒng)的權(quán)力相互依賴?yán)碚撜J(rèn)為權(quán)力是一種相互依賴的關(guān)系,低權(quán)力特質(zhì)者對(duì)高權(quán)力特質(zhì)者越依賴,后者的權(quán)力感知越高；經(jīng)典的權(quán)力接近-回避理論認(rèn)為高低不同的權(quán)力感知對(duì)個(gè)體的行為、情感和認(rèn)知分別產(chǎn)生促進(jìn)和抑制的作用。通過(guò)文獻(xiàn)查閱發(fā)現(xiàn)在中國(guó)大學(xué)生的人群中,一些心理問(wèn)題的產(chǎn)生與個(gè)體對(duì)權(quán)威的負(fù)性情緒有關(guān),如家長(zhǎng)、老師批評(píng)指責(zé)會(huì)增加個(gè)體的焦慮、抑郁、不完美感、自我否定、羞怯和孤獨(dú)感。這些研究經(jīng)常把權(quán)力看做一個(gè)固定的特質(zhì)變量（本身的權(quán)力感覺）或情境變量（啟動(dòng)條件下的權(quán)力感覺),方法普遍采用問(wèn)卷測(cè)量,得出的結(jié)果主要是綜述性的。為此我們引入管理學(xué)中匹配的概念,考察個(gè)體本身所具有的權(quán)力特質(zhì)與所處環(huán)境賦予的權(quán)力之間關(guān)系匹配性是否會(huì)對(duì)個(gè)體的行為和認(rèn)知會(huì)造成影響？如果是,這些影響效果是怎樣的,是積極還是消極？ 本文主要通過(guò)兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)考察權(quán)力感知匹配條件下和不匹配條件下的自我表現(xiàn)和人際交往,以此驗(yàn)證以下假設(shè)：當(dāng)外界啟動(dòng)與個(gè)體本身權(quán)力感知相匹配時(shí),個(gè)體能更好的發(fā)揮自己的狀態(tài)和特質(zhì),此時(shí)自我表現(xiàn)的滿意度和人際交往傾向就越高；當(dāng)個(gè)體處于不匹配條件時(shí),個(gè)體體驗(yàn)到更多的沖突和失衡,內(nèi)心真實(shí)的態(tài)度和想法難以順暢的表達(dá),對(duì)自我表現(xiàn)評(píng)價(jià)較低,同時(shí)交往意向降低；人與人之間的相互交往也是一種感知匹配,較高的人際交往意向發(fā)生在特質(zhì)匹配的個(gè)體之間。本研究得出主要結(jié)論如下： (1)低權(quán)力特質(zhì)者在匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下的自我表現(xiàn)滿意度高于不匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下；高權(quán)力特質(zhì)者在匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下的自我表現(xiàn)滿意度高于不匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下。 (2)低權(quán)力特質(zhì)者在匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下的人際交往意向高于不匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下；高權(quán)力特質(zhì)者在匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下的人際交往意向高于不匹配感知啟動(dòng)條件下。 (3)權(quán)力啟動(dòng)條件下,相異特質(zhì)者之間的人際交往意向好于相同特質(zhì)者。 (4)得到反饋分?jǐn)?shù)后,相同特質(zhì)者之間更愿意與對(duì)方交往,相異特質(zhì)者之間不愿意與對(duì)方交往。
[Abstract]:Psychology defines power as the ability to influence others through the control and control of resources. The traditional theory of power interdependence holds that power is a kind of interdependent relationship. The power perception of the latter is higher; the classical theory of power proximity-avoidance holds that different levels of power perception can promote and suppress individual behavior, emotion and cognition respectively. Through literature review, it is found that in the Chinese college students' population, different levels of power perception play an important role in promoting and suppressing the individual's behavior, emotion and cognition. Some psychological problems are related to the negative emotions of the individual towards authority, such as parents and teachers criticizing blame can increase the individual's anxiety, depression, imperfect feeling, self-negation, Shyness and loneliness. These studies often view power as a fixed trait variable (its own sense of power) or as a situational variable (sense of power under priming conditions). The results are mainly summarized. For this reason, we introduce the concept of matching in management. Whether the relationship between the power characteristics of the individual and the power given by the environment will affect the behavior and cognition of the individual? If so, what are the effects, positive or negative? In this paper, two experiments were conducted to examine the self-expression and interpersonal interaction under the condition of power perception matching and mismatch, so as to verify the following hypotheses: when the outside world starts matching with the individual's own power perception, The higher the satisfaction and interpersonal tendency of self-expression, the more conflict and imbalance the individual can experience when he is in mismatch condition. The attitude and thought of inner reality are difficult to express smoothly, the evaluation of self-performance is low, and the communication intention is decreased. The interaction between people is also a kind of perceptual match. The main conclusions of this study are as follows:. (1) the self-performance satisfaction of the low power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming, and the self-performance satisfaction of the high power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perceptual priming. (2) the interpersonal communication intention of the low power trait was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming condition, and the interpersonal communication intention of the high power trait person was higher than that of the mismatched perception priming condition under the matching perception priming condition. 3) under the condition of power priming, the interpersonal communication intention between different traits is better than that of the same trait. 4) after receiving the feedback score, people with the same characteristics are more willing to interact with each other, and those with different characteristics are more reluctant to interact with each other.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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