本文選題：中介共同表征　切入點：中介獨立表征　出處：《河北師范大學》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們對抽象概念“時間”的認知加工,通常通過空間表征來實現(xiàn),即空間-時間聯(lián)合編碼(STEARC)效應。根據時間-空間表征領域的已有研究結果,本研究嘗試歸納從加工時間/空間信息到進行空間反應之間發(fā)生的認知過程,可能存在的三種表征結構:直接表征結構、共同中介表征結構和獨立中介表征結構。直接表征結構是空間/時間信息直接與左或右側空間反應關聯(lián);共同中介表征結構指時間/空間信息先形成相應的空間編碼結構,而且二者的中介空間編碼結構是共享的,進而產生空間反應;獨立中介表征結構中,時間和空間信息也首先形成相應的中介空間編碼結構,但是時間信息和空間信息的中介結構相互獨立,進而分別產生相應的空間反應。三種結構類型在時間-空間表征領域各有證據支持,目前最多的理論和實證研究證據支持共同中介表征結構,但是沒有研究直接、系統(tǒng)地探討時間-空間表征機制的結構類型問題。本研究旨在考察時間-空間表征的結構類型,根據已有研究結果,假設時間-空間關聯(lián)機制符合共同中介表征結構,同時檢驗該結構的靈活性。研究包括三個實驗,均采用結合誘導任務和特征任務的雙任務實驗范式,代表過去或未來意義的時間概念和呈現(xiàn)在屏幕左或右側的方框作為實驗的呈現(xiàn)刺激,通過左或右手的按鍵反應或左/右眼跳反應進行任務判斷。實驗1中的誘導任務是呈現(xiàn)在屏幕中央的白色時間詞,要求被試判斷詞語的時間意義,時間-空間映射一致組按照過去-左,未來-右的反應方式進行按鍵反應,不一致組按照過去-右,未來-左的方式進行判斷。特征任務是呈現(xiàn)在屏幕中央的紅色時間詞,要求被試通過左右手按鍵判斷字體是直體還是斜體,反應方式被試間平衡。兩種任務隨機呈現(xiàn)。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)誘導任務中的不一致組在特征任務中表現(xiàn)出反轉的STEARC效應,與一致組相反。也就是說,誘導任務中習得的時間-空間映射方式影響了他們在特征任務中的表現(xiàn),表明從時間信息加工到空間反應不是直接發(fā)生,而是存在某種中介結構。實驗2進一步考察時間-空間聯(lián)合符合哪種中介結構類型。特征任務與實驗1一致,誘導任務換成呈現(xiàn)在屏幕左或右側的白色方框作為空間刺激,通過空間刺激檢驗誘導任務中的不一致空間位置-空間反應映射規(guī)則是否仍然影響特征任務中的時間-空間聯(lián)合。結果發(fā)現(xiàn)誘導任務中不一致組被試在特征任務中仍然出現(xiàn)反轉的STEARC效應,說明空間不一致映射同樣影響時間-空間表征方式,即空間信息與時間信息共享加工過程中的空間編碼中介結構,支持共同中介表征結構。實驗3在實驗2的基礎上,進一步探索這種共同中介表征結構在反應器水平上是否具有靈活性,即特定反應聯(lián)結效應。特征任務同實驗2,誘導任務的反應器換為眼動反應。結果發(fā)現(xiàn),被試在誘導任務(眼動反應)中建立的空間不一致映射規(guī)則沒有影響特征任務(手動反應)中的時間-空間表征形式,仍然表現(xiàn)出常規(guī)的STEARC效應,表明存在反應器水平上的特定反應聯(lián)結效應。也就是說,在一種反應器中習得的映射方式不能應用到其他反應器中�？傊�,本研究通過3個雙任務范式實驗,發(fā)現(xiàn)時間-空間聯(lián)合機制符合共同中介表征結構。而且這種共同中介表征結構在反應器水平上存在靈活性(特定反應聯(lián)結效應),即只有在相同反應器中才會出現(xiàn)時間信息和空間信息的空間編碼中介結構共享。
[Abstract]:The abstract concept of "time" cognitive processing, usually through the representation of space to achieve, namely space-time joint encoding (STEARC) effect. According to the existing research results of time - domain of spatial representation, this study tries to conclude from the processing time / space information to the cognitive process between the three kinds of reaction space, structure characterization there may be direct characterization of the structure, the common intermediate representation structure and independent intermediary structure. The characterization of structure characterization is space / time and space information directly to the left or right reaction Association; intermediary common characterization structure refers to the time / space information to form a spatial encoding structure, and the structure of the two encoding intermediary space is shared. Then the space reaction; independent intermediary representation structure, temporal and spatial information is firstly formed between space structure of the encoding, but time and space Intermediary structure information independent of each other, and then generate the corresponding reaction space. Three types of structure in the spatial representation of time - field evidence supports the current common intermediate representation structure theory and empirical research on most of the evidence, but no studies directly, structure type system to explore problems in time and space. The structure type token mechanism the purpose of this study is to investigate the characterization of time and space, according to the existing research results, assuming the time space correlation mechanism conforms to the common intermediate representation structure, and to test the flexibility of the structure. The research includes three experiments, the dual task paradigm was used with induction tasks and characteristics of tasks, meaning the past or the future and present the concept of time on the left side or the right side of the screen box as the experimental stimulus, through the key reaction or left / left or right hand in the right eye jump reaction task sentenced Broken. Induction task in Experiment 1 showed white time words in the middle of the screen, the subjects were required to judge the time words meaning, time - space mapping group in the past - left - right, future reaction mode button response, the inconsistent group in the past - right, the future left the way to judge. The characteristics of task is to appear red time words in the middle of the screen, participants were asked by the right hand button is straight or italic font judgment, reaction mode between subjects. The balance of two tasks were presented. The results show that the inconsistency in task induced group showed the reverse STEARC effect on the characteristics of task, contrary to the group. That is to say, in the time of acquisition task induced spatial mapping way affect the characteristics of their performance in the task, that from time to space information processing reactions do not occur directly, but there is a certain intermediary structure. Experiment 2 we further investigated temporal spatial structure which meet the characteristics of tasks and intermediary type. In Experiment 1, inducing tasks in exchange for showing in the left side or the right side of the screen white box as space stimulation by inconsistent spatial stimulus test tasks in position space - induced reaction mapping rules are still in effect characteristics a space time joint. The results found that the induction of task inconsistency in the subjects of the reversal of the STEARC effect still appear in the characteristics of task, spatial inconsistency mapping also affects the temporal spatial representation, spatial information and time information sharing space structure in the process of encoding intermediary, intermediary support common structure. In 3 experimental characterization in Experiment 2, on the basis of further exploring whether such common intermediary representation structure has the flexibility in the reactor level, specific reaction coupling effect. The characteristics of Ren Is the same as experiment 2, the reactor for the task induced oculomotor response. The results showed that the subjects in the induction task (eye-movementmediated) established in space inconsistent mapping rules did not affect the characteristics of task (manual reaction) in time - space representation, still showed the STEARC effect of conventional, indicated the presence of specific response connection the effect of reactor level. That is to say, in a way of mapping acquisition in the reactor can be applied to other reactor. In short, this study through 3 experiments found that the dual task paradigm, temporal spatial mechanism conforms to the common characterization of the structure. And the common intermediary intermediary structure there is flexibility in the reactor characterization level (specific reaction coupling effect), shared space encoding structure is only in the same medium in the reactor will appear time and space information.

【學位授予單位】：河北師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B842.1

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本文編號：1654337