本文選題：5　切入點(diǎn)：HTTLPR基因　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：抑郁是影響個(gè)體發(fā)展的一組常見(jiàn)的、重要的情緒障礙和心理問(wèn)題,具有重要的遺傳基礎(chǔ)。依據(jù)抑郁的表現(xiàn)癥狀和嚴(yán)重程度,可將其劃分為抑郁情緒(depression mood)、抑郁綜合征(depressive syndromes)和重性抑郁(major depression)(或者抑郁障礙,depressive disorder)三類。抑郁會(huì)增大吸煙、物質(zhì)濫用和肥胖的概率,甚至導(dǎo)致自殺。橫斷研究和縱向研究均顯示,抑郁的發(fā)生率在青少年早期急劇增高。世界范圍內(nèi),約有5%的青少年正在遭受抑郁的侵害。青少年時(shí)期,抑郁可能引起輟學(xué)、人際關(guān)系不良、焦慮、物質(zhì)濫用、早孕以及自殺等心理和行為問(wèn)題。此外,青少年抑郁與成年期的心理健康以及社會(huì)功能的發(fā)展存在密切關(guān)聯(lián)。顯而易見(jiàn),抑郁的病因?qū)W研究對(duì)抑郁的早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早干預(yù)具有重要意義。分子遺傳學(xué)的迅速發(fā)展,使測(cè)定與抑郁有關(guān)的具體基因成為可能,越來(lái)越多的研究者開始關(guān)注抑郁的遺傳基礎(chǔ)研究。然而,與亨廷頓舞蹈病和苯丙酮尿癥等單基因遺傳疾病相比,抑郁的遺傳機(jī)制更為復(fù)雜,考察多基因與環(huán)境因素對(duì)抑郁的交互作用是探究抑郁發(fā)生機(jī)制的重要途徑。基于此,本研究在考察5 HTTLPR基因與BDNF基因的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)/易感基因型的基礎(chǔ)上,采用傳統(tǒng)的回歸分析方法以及新近興起的顯著性區(qū)域分析法、再參數(shù)化回歸方法,探查多基因得分與母親教養(yǎng)行為對(duì)青少年早期抑郁的影響。主要研究結(jié)論如下:(1)多基因得分對(duì)青少年早期抑郁的直接預(yù)測(cè)作用顯著,具體表現(xiàn)為得分越高,即攜帶風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因的數(shù)量越多,青少年早期個(gè)體的抑郁水平越高;得分越低,即攜帶風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因的數(shù)量越少,抑郁水平越低。(2)母親積極教養(yǎng)行為顯著負(fù)向預(yù)測(cè)青少年早期個(gè)體的抑郁水平,母親消極教養(yǎng)行為具有顯著的正向預(yù)測(cè)作用。(3)多基因得分與母親積極教養(yǎng)行為對(duì)青少年早期抑郁的交互作用顯著,交互作用模式符合弱素質(zhì) 壓力模型。具體表現(xiàn)為:當(dāng)母親積極教養(yǎng)行為水平較低時(shí),青少年早期抑郁水平較高,但與攜帶較少風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等位基因(0~2個(gè))的個(gè)體相比,攜帶較多風(fēng)險(xiǎn)等位基因(3個(gè)、4個(gè))的個(gè)體表現(xiàn)出更高的抑郁水平;而當(dāng)母親積極教養(yǎng)行為水平較高時(shí),多基因得分對(duì)青少年早期抑郁的預(yù)測(cè)作用不顯著。
[Abstract]:Depression is a group of common, important emotional disorders and psychological problems that affect the development of individuals, and have an important genetic basis. It can be classified as depression depression, depressive syndrome and major depressive disorder. Depression increases the risk of smoking, substance abuse and obesity, and even leads to suicide. The incidence of depression increases dramatically in the early stages of adolescence. Worldwide, about 5% of adolescents are suffering from depression. Depression can cause dropouts, poor interpersonal relationships, anxiety, substance abuse in adolescence. Mental and behavioral problems such as early pregnancy and suicide. In addition, depression in adolescents is closely associated with mental health and the development of social function in adulthood. Early intervention is of great significance. With the rapid development of molecular genetics, it is possible to determine the specific genes associated with depression, and more and more researchers are beginning to pay attention to the genetic basis of depression. Compared with Huntington's disease and phenylketonuria, the genetic mechanism of depression is more complicated. Based on the study of the risk / susceptibility genotypes of HTTLPR gene and BDNF gene, the traditional regression analysis method and the newly developed significant region analysis method were used to analyze the risk / susceptibility genotypes of HTTLPR gene and BDNF gene, and then parameterized regression method was used. The main conclusions of the study were as follows: (1) the direct predictive effect of polygene score on early depression in adolescents was significant, and the higher the score was, the higher the score was. That is, the more the number of risk genes carried, the higher the depression level of early teens; the lower the score, the less the number of risk genes carried. The lower the level of depression, the lower the positive upbringing behavior of mothers is. There was significant positive predictive effect between the scores of polygene and positive upbringing behavior of mother and the interaction between the scores of polygene and the early depression in adolescents. The interaction model was consistent with the weak diathesis stress model. When the mother's positive upbringing behavior level was low, the early depression level of adolescents was higher than that of the individuals carrying fewer risk alleles (0 ~ 2). Individuals with more risk alleles (3 and 4) showed a higher level of depression, but when mothers had a higher level of positive upbringing behavior, polygene scores had no significant predictive effect on early depression in adolescents.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B844.2

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