本文選題：結果加工　切入點：ERPs　出處：《西北大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：決策過程包括刺激、反應、反饋三個階段,不確定條件下決策結果反饋加工是一個復雜的認知過程。結果反饋中效價和價值獨立編碼的觀點目前受到一些實驗證據(jù)的挑戰(zhàn)。本研究采用ERPs技術,通過兩個實驗對決策不同階段的選擇性注意進行系統(tǒng)操作,以探討選擇性注意對決策結果編碼加工的影響。實驗一探討刺激階段不同選擇性注意條件下(注意效價vs.注意價值大小),被試的不同選擇行為(主動選擇vs.強迫選擇)對決策結果反饋的神經(jīng)認知加工的影響。結果發(fā)現(xiàn):FRN在效價和價值大小上的主效應均顯著(ps0.05),強迫選擇條件下FRN的振幅顯著大于主動選擇條件下FRN的振幅(ps0.05);P3在效價和價值大小上的主效應均顯著(ps0.05),主動選擇條件下P3的振幅顯著大于強迫選擇條件下P3的振幅(ps0.05),在價值大小加工上注意條件和價值大小交互效應顯著(p0.05)。實驗二探討反饋階段不同選擇性注意條件下(注意效價vs.注意價值大小),個體的不同選擇行為(主動選擇vs.強迫選擇)對決策結果反饋的神經(jīng)認知加工的影響。結果發(fā)現(xiàn):FRN的效價和價值大小主效應均顯著(ps0.05),強迫選擇條件下FRN的振幅顯著大于主動選擇條件下的振幅(ps0.05),注意條件主效應顯著具體表現(xiàn)為注意價值大小時FRN的振幅顯著大于注意效價時FRN的振幅(ps0.05);P3在效價和價值大小上的主效應均顯著(ps0.05),主動選擇條件下P3的振幅顯著大于強迫選擇條件下的振幅(ps0.05),在效價加工上注意效價時誘發(fā)的P3的振幅顯著大于注意價值大小時的振幅(p0.05)。綜合實驗結果,可得出以下四個結論:第一,刺激階段的選擇性注意影響決策結果加工,正中前額葉的FRN和P3的振幅均受效價和價值大小的調(diào)節(jié),P3成分在價值大小的加工上受到注意條件的調(diào)節(jié);第二,反饋階段的選擇性注意影響決策結果加工,正中前額葉的FRN和P3的振幅均受效價和價值大小的調(diào)節(jié),且注意條件對FRN和P3具有不同的調(diào)節(jié)作用;第三,反應階段的選擇類型影響決策結果加工,行為選擇對正中前額葉的FRN與P3的振幅具有不同的調(diào)節(jié)作用,具體表現(xiàn)為FRN在強迫選擇條件下更負,P3在主動選擇條件下更敏感;第四,決策結果的效價和價值大小在大腦中不是獨立進行編碼,.而是依據(jù)任務的相關性,以一種更靈活、更復雜、更綜合的加工方式對效價和價值大小進行編碼,其腦電指標為正中前額葉的FRN、P3成分。
[Abstract]:The decision-making process consists of three stages: stimulus, response and feedback. The feedback processing of decision results under uncertain conditions is a complex cognitive process. The viewpoint of independent coding of value and value in the feedback of results is challenged by some experimental evidences. In this study, ERPs technique is used. Through two experiments, the selective attention in different stages of decision making is operated systematically. In order to explore the effect of selective attention on the coding process of decision results, experiment 1 explored the different selection behaviors (active selection vs. Compulsion) of the subjects under different selective attention conditions during the stimulation stage (attentional titer vs. attention value value). The effect of selection on neurocognitive processing with feedback of decision results. The results showed that the main effects of FRN on titer and value were significant, and the amplitude of FRN under forced selection was significantly larger than that of FRN under active selection. The main effects on the value and titer of P3 were significant, and the amplitude of P3 under active selection was significantly higher than that of P3 under forced selection, and the interactive effect between the condition of attention and the value of value was significant in the processing of value. The experiment showed that the interaction between the condition and the value was significant (p 0.05). (2) to explore the effects of different selective attention conditions in the feedback stage on the neurocognitive processing of decision outcome feedback under different selective attention conditions (attentional titer vs. attention value and individual choice behavior (active selection vs. Forced selection). It was found that the main effects of the titer and value of the FRN were significant, the amplitude of FRN under forced selection was significantly larger than that under active selection, and the main effect of attention condition was that the amplitude of FRN was obvious when the value of attention was larger than that under the condition of active selection. When the amplitude of FRN is larger than the attentional titer, the main effects of the amplitude of FRN on the titer and value are significant. The amplitude of P3 under the active selection condition is significantly larger than that under the condition of forced selection, which is induced by paying attention to the titer in the titer processing. The amplitude of P3 is significantly larger than that of the value of attention. The following four conclusions can be drawn: first, selective attention in the stimulus stage affects the processing of decision-making results. The amplitudes of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe were regulated by the titer and the value. The P3 component was regulated by the condition of value processing. Second, the selective attention in the feedback stage affected the processing of decision making results. The amplitudes of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe were all regulated by the titer and the value, and the attention condition had different regulative effects on FRN and P3. Third, the selection type of the reaction stage affected the processing of decision making results. Behavioral selections have different effects on the amplitude of FRN and P3 in the median prefrontal lobe, which shows that FRN is more sensitive to negative P3 under the condition of forced selection, and 4th, The titer and value of the decision results are not encoded independently in the brain, but are encoded in a more flexible, complex and integrated way of processing, depending on the relevance of the task. The electroencephalogram (EEG) index was the FRN P 3 component in the median prefrontal lobe.
【學位授予單位】：西北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：B842
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本文編號：1582314