本文選題：面孔識別　切入點：異族效應(yīng)　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：面孔識別一直都是心理學(xué)的一個重要研究領(lǐng)域,而對他族面孔進(jìn)行識別則又與人們的生活息息相關(guān),因此異族效應(yīng)的研究越來越受到研究者們的關(guān)注。已有的研究多關(guān)注的仍然是歐美國家的面孔與亞洲國家的面孔和非洲國家的面孔進(jìn)行比較,而我國是一個民族眾多的國家,各民族問也經(jīng)常會有異族效應(yīng)的情況發(fā)生但到目前為止針對我國民族之間的異族效應(yīng)的研究只有兩項,異族效應(yīng)在中國背景下的研究還尚未涉及其他更多少數(shù)民族的研究,唯一涉及到的僅僅是面孔民族特征比較明顯的維吾爾族的。 維吾爾族是中國官方統(tǒng)計的55個少數(shù)民族之一,大部分都在新疆維吾爾族自治區(qū)居住,在國外的一些城市也有一定量的維吾爾族僑民。維吾爾族人的面孔特征上普遍具有阿拉伯人或者說白種人的特征圈,具體表現(xiàn)為維族人的臉型一般比較長而圓,眉脊較發(fā)達(dá),眼睛則大且圓,眼窩呈內(nèi)陷狀,鼻梁多為平直或略凸,鼻深比較明顯,鼻基多為下垂?fàn)?胡須和毛發(fā)一般較濃密,同漢族的面孔特征有著明顯的區(qū)別。有研究指出維吾爾族人的眼睛、鼻子以及五官間距和漢族人有顯著差異。 目前維吾爾族人大部分還是在新疆等地的維族聚居區(qū)居住,而研究者本身并非是維吾爾族人也并沒有在新疆等地生活過,因此對實驗被試的獲得造成很大的難度。在對本校的維吾爾族學(xué)生進(jìn)行調(diào)查之后發(fā)現(xiàn),他們不喜歡別人碰觸自己的頭部,針對這個情況,則沒有讓他們參加本研究中的ERP實驗。 本研究中的兩個實驗分別為行為實驗和ERP實驗,對維吾爾族面孔和漢族面孔進(jìn)行面孔識別的異族效應(yīng)研究。實驗一通過學(xué)習(xí)-再認(rèn)的方式對維吾爾族被試、在新疆生活過的漢族被試、一般漢族被試進(jìn)行異族效應(yīng)的研究。結(jié)果表明,三組被試在對兩族面孔進(jìn)行識別的過程中均呈現(xiàn)出了異族效應(yīng),且在新疆生活過的漢族被試較一般漢族被試而言對維族面孔又更好的識別能力。實驗二,在實驗一的基礎(chǔ)上采用了ERP技術(shù),測量了一般漢族被試在對兩個民族圖片進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)的過程中產(chǎn)生的腦電差異。研究結(jié)果表明,一般漢族被試在對維漢兩族面孔圖片進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)的過程中產(chǎn)生的腦電差異主要表現(xiàn)在N250波幅上,他族面孔會誘發(fā)波幅更大的N250成分。
[Abstract]:Face recognition has always been an important research field in psychology, and recognition of other faces is closely related to people's lives. As a result, the study of the effects of different races has attracted more and more attention from researchers. What has been paid more attention to is that the faces of European and American countries are still compared with those of Asian countries and those of African countries, and that China is a country with a large number of nationalities. Various ethnic groups also often have different effects. But so far, there have been only two studies on the interracial effects in China. The study of alien effects in the context of China has not yet involved more studies of other ethnic minorities. The only thing involved is the Uygur, whose face ethnic characteristics are more obvious. The Uygur are one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially counted in China, most of which live in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region. There are also a certain number of Uighur expatriates in some foreign cities. The faces of the Uighurs generally have the characteristic circles of Arabs or white people. The specific manifestation is that the faces of Uighurs are generally long and round, and the eyebrows are relatively developed. The eyes were large and round, the socket of the eye was in the shape of depression, the bridge of the nose was straight or slightly convex, the depth of the nose was more obvious, the base of the nose was more pendulous, and the beard and hair were generally thicker. There are obvious differences between the facial features of the Uygur and the Han nationality. Some studies show that there are significant differences between the Uygur people and the Han nationality in the distance between the eyes, nose and facial features of the Uygur people. At present, most of the Uygur people are still living in Uighur communities in Xinjiang and other places, and the researchers themselves are not Uighurs who have not lived in Xinjiang and other places. After investigating Uighur students in our school, it was found that they did not like to be touched on the head. In view of this situation, they were not allowed to participate in the ERP experiment in this study. The two experiments in this study are behavioral experiment and ERP experiment, respectively, to study the alien effect of face recognition on the faces of Uygur and Han nationality. The results showed that the three groups of Han people showed heterogamous effects in the process of recognizing the faces of the two ethnic groups. Moreover, the Han people who have lived in Xinjiang have a better ability to recognize the faces of the Uighur nationality than the ordinary Han nationality subjects. Experiment two, on the basis of experiment one, adopts ERP technology. The differences of EEG in the course of learning the pictures of the two nationalities were measured. The difference of EEG in the study of Uygur and Han faces was mainly in the amplitude of N250, and the other faces would induce the larger amplitude of N250.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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