本文關鍵詞： 補償性控制 科學信念 短暫控制感剝奪 長時間控制感剝奪 秩序需求　出處：《華中師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：控制感的獲得被認為是人最基本的心理需求之一。補償性控制理論認為這主要在于它能夠滿足個體對于秩序的需要。而當控制感遭受剝奪時,個體會產生一系列補償性策略以維持對秩序的需求,這一過程被稱為補償性控制。且具體的補償性策略又可以反映在視認知、超自然信仰、經濟消費、政治行為等多個領域。近兩年,一方面有學者秉承補償性控制領域的研究思路,探索了控制感剝奪與科學觀的關系；發(fā)現了在控制感威脅下,個體會表現得更加崇尚科學、相信科學。另一方面,又有研究者結合習得性無助理論的啟示,對控制剝奪進行了短暫與長時間的區(qū)分,并發(fā)現了二者的不同效應。而補償性控制領域的研究一直只是籠統地進行了控制剝奪的自變量操縱,因而其原有的控制感剝奪會促進積極科學觀的這一研究結論究竟揭示的是短暫控制感剝奪下的現象,還是涵蓋了人們長期失控下的心理與行為反應,這便需要進一步研究的揭示。另外,依據補償性控制理論,秩序需求一直被視為補償性控制過程的心理機制,在控制感剝奪與隨后的補償性控制策略中間起著中介作用,但未有研究予以直接證實。本研究力圖探索在長時間控制感剝奪下,個體的科學信念下降；同時,檢驗在這一過程中,秩序需求起著中介作用。 研究一考察了長時間控制感剝奪是否會引起個體科學信念的下降,實驗有39名被試,采用2(控制感操縱條件)×2(研究課題類型)的混合實驗設計,研究結果發(fā)現,在科學性研究的重要性評定上,控制感剝奪組的得分要顯著低于控制組；而對于人文性研究重要性的評定上,兩組得分之間不存在顯著差異,即該研究結論支持了研究假設。 研究二探索了秩序需求在控制感剝奪對科學信念影響過程中的中介作用,結果發(fā)現,在遭受到長時間控制感剝奪后,個體的秩序需求會降低,進而科學信念也有所降低, 綜上所述,本研究可得出結論：與已有的補償性控制的研究結果相比,長時間控制感剝奪會致使科學信念下降,而秩序需求在這一過程中起著中介作用。
[Abstract]:The acquisition of sense of control is considered to be one of the most basic psychological needs of human beings. Compensatory control theory holds that it is mainly due to its ability to satisfy the needs of individuals for order, and when the sense of control is deprived, Individuals produce a series of compensatory strategies to maintain order, a process known as compensatory control, and specific compensatory strategies can be reflected in cognitive, supernatural, and economic consumption. Political behavior and other fields. In the last two years, on the one hand, some scholars have followed the research ideas in the field of compensatory control, explored the relationship between the deprivation of control and the view of science, and found that under the threat of control, individuals will behave more scientifically. Believe in science. On the other hand, some researchers, combined with the enlightenment of the theory of learned helplessness, distinguish between control deprivation for a short time and for a long time. And find the different effects of the two. But the research in the field of compensatory control has only generally carried out the independent variable manipulation of control deprivation. Therefore, the conclusion that its original sense of control deprivation will promote a positive view of science reveals whether it is a phenomenon of temporary deprivation of control, or whether it covers the psychological and behavioral reactions of people who have been out of control for a long time. In addition, according to the compensatory control theory, order demand is always regarded as the psychological mechanism of compensatory control process, which plays an intermediary role between the control sense deprivation and the subsequent compensatory control strategy. This study tries to explore the decline of individual scientific belief under the condition of long time deprivation of sense of control, and at the same time, test plays an intermediary role in the process of order demand. In the first study, we investigated whether long-term deprivation of sense of control would lead to the decline of individual scientific belief. 39 subjects were designed as a mixed experiment with 2 (control sense manipulation condition) 脳 2 (study subject type). The results showed that, The scores of the control deprivation group were significantly lower than those of the control group in the evaluation of the importance of scientific research, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the evaluation of the importance of the humanistic research, that is, the conclusion of the study supported the hypothesis of the study. The second study explores the intermediary role of order demand in the process of controlling sense deprivation affecting scientific belief. The results show that after being deprived of control sense for a long time, the order demand of individual will decrease, and then scientific belief will also decrease. To sum up, this study can draw a conclusion: compared with the existing research results of compensatory control, long-term deprivation of control will lead to the decline of scientific beliefs, and order demand plays an intermediary role in this process.
【學位授予單位】：華中師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B848

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