本文關(guān)鍵詞： 睡眠剝奪 情緒加工 注意分配 主觀評估 IAPS 前額葉皮質(zhì) 邊緣系統(tǒng)　出處：《第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：研究背景:睡眠在人體的心理社會(huì)功能的維持和調(diào)適中發(fā)揮著重要作用。過去半世紀(jì)以來,研究者證實(shí),睡眠不足對大腦認(rèn)知功能(包括注意力、反應(yīng)速度、學(xué)習(xí)與記憶以及執(zhí)行與決策等)具有損傷作用,但睡眠對情緒功能的影響直至近幾年才逐漸引起研究者的注意。臨床上,幾乎所有的情緒障礙(焦慮癥、抑郁癥等)都伴隨失眠癥狀的發(fā)生;在日常生活中,負(fù)性情緒增多可導(dǎo)致失眠,而反過來失眠也會(huì)導(dǎo)致消極情緒體驗(yàn)的增加,這都提示睡眠和情緒功能系統(tǒng)的潛在關(guān)系。腦影像學(xué)研究表明,情緒的加工與調(diào)節(jié),涉及邊緣系統(tǒng)的皮層下結(jié)構(gòu)與前額葉皮質(zhì)(負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)節(jié)情感反應(yīng)和行為控制)之間的交互作用,而與此同時(shí),參與調(diào)節(jié)情緒的大腦結(jié)構(gòu)、神經(jīng)化學(xué)物質(zhì)也管理著睡眠,這進(jìn)一步提示睡眠和情緒加工兩個(gè)功能系統(tǒng)之間是緊密相關(guān)的。Gross的情緒調(diào)節(jié)理論是目前情緒研究領(lǐng)域盛行的情緒理論,根據(jù)其提出的“情態(tài)模型”,情緒發(fā)生過程涉及情境——注意——評價(jià)——反應(yīng)這幾個(gè)環(huán)節(jié),由這一模型可以看出,情緒反應(yīng)是情緒產(chǎn)生的結(jié)局變量,目前研究主要集中在描述睡眠不足對情緒反應(yīng)的影響(主觀情緒體驗(yàn)、生理喚醒、情緒表達(dá)性),而睡眠剝奪對情緒發(fā)生過程的其他環(huán)節(jié),尤其是注意和分配這兩個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)的影響以及特點(diǎn)研究不足。研究目的:本研究針對目前研究中的不足,系統(tǒng)考察睡眠剝奪對情緒性刺激注意分配和評估這兩個(gè)情緒加工過程的影響,以期闡明睡眠在情緒發(fā)生過程中的具體作用形式并為預(yù)測和控制睡眠剝奪后個(gè)體心理加工過程的變化提供實(shí)證依據(jù)。研究方法:本研究的研究方法包含三部分:分別研究睡眠剝奪對情緒刺激注意分配以及情緒刺激評估的影響。本研究三部分均采用隨機(jī)對照設(shè)計(jì)。所有參與實(shí)驗(yàn)被試均通過校園海報(bào)、微信公眾平臺(tái)招募;將符合納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的被試隨機(jī)分為睡眠剝奪組和對照組,睡眠剝奪組進(jìn)行為期一晚的睡眠剝奪(10:30 pm—次日6:30 am),正常睡眠組進(jìn)行正常睡眠。次日,根據(jù)實(shí)驗(yàn)要求完成相應(yīng)的實(shí)驗(yàn)任務(wù)。第一部分,通過比較兩組被試在點(diǎn)探測任務(wù)和視覺搜索任務(wù)中成績的差異,考察睡眠剝奪對情緒刺激注意分配的影響;第二部分,通過比較兩組在快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)任務(wù)中成績的差異,考察睡眠剝奪對情緒刺激時(shí)間注意分配的影響;第三部分,通過比較兩組被試在情緒刺激主觀評估任務(wù)中結(jié)果的差異,考察睡眠剝奪對情緒刺激評估的影響。研究結(jié)果1.兩組被試在探測點(diǎn)與情緒圖片同側(cè)情況下的反應(yīng)時(shí)小于異側(cè)情況下反應(yīng)時(shí),但兩組被試之間差異不顯著;2.在視覺搜索任務(wù)中,兩組被試搜索目標(biāo)刺激蛇的速度快于搜索目標(biāo)刺激花的速度,但兩組被試之間差異不顯著;3.在快速序列視覺呈現(xiàn)任務(wù)中,與正常睡眠組相比,睡眠剝奪組在整體注意警覺性整體下降(p0.01),當(dāng)T1為憤怒表情時(shí),T2的正確率低于正常睡眠組(p0.05),睡眠剝奪組表現(xiàn)出對威脅情緒面孔的注意解除困難;4.在情緒刺激主觀評估任務(wù)中,睡眠剝奪對正性和負(fù)性情緒圖片的評分沒有明顯影響,但對中性圖片的愉悅度評分存在負(fù)性偏倚,睡眠剝奪組對中性圖片的愉悅度評分前、后測差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p0.001),而正常睡眠組前后測差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(p=0.12)。研究結(jié)論1.睡眠剝奪影響個(gè)體情緒注意分配。睡眠剝奪后,被試在注意警覺性整體下降的情況下,會(huì)將注意優(yōu)先分配給負(fù)性刺激,并表現(xiàn)出對負(fù)性刺激注意解除困難;2.睡眠剝奪影響情緒評估。睡眠剝奪后,個(gè)體傾向于將情緒色彩不明確的刺激作偏負(fù)性的評價(jià),發(fā)生評估過程中的負(fù)性偏倚。
[Abstract]:Background: play an important role in the social and psychological functions of the human body sleep maintenance and adjustment. In the past half century, the researchers confirmed on the cognitive function of sleep (including attention, reaction speed, learning and memory, execution and decision making) with injury, but the effect of sleep on emotional function until nearly a few years before gradually attracted more attention from researchers. Clinically, almost all of the emotional disorders (anxiety, depression) are associated with insomnia symptoms; in daily life, more negative feelings can lead to insomnia, insomnia and in turn will lead to increased negative emotion, indicating the potential relationship between sleep and the emotional function of the system. The results show that the brain imaging processing, and emotion regulation, structure and prefrontal cortex limbic system involving subcortical (responsible for regulating emotional reaction and behavior control) between the The interaction, while at the same time, participate in the brain structure of emotion regulation, neurochemical also regulates sleep, this further suggest that sleep and emotional processing of two functional systems is closely related to the.Gross emotion regulation theory is the prevailing mood in the research field of emotional theory, according to the proposed "modal model", emotion involved the situation - attention -- evaluation of several aspects of this reaction, this model can be seen, emotional responses are emotional outcome variables, the present study focused on the effects of sleep deprivation on description of emotional reactions (subjective emotion, arousal, emotional expression), and sleep deprivation on other aspects of emotional process. Particular attention and influence the distribution of these two aspects and characteristics of research. Objective: This study aimed at the deficiencies in the current research, system Effects of sleep deprivation attention allocation and assess the impact of two emotional processing of emotional stimuli, in order to clarify the specific role of sleep in mood forms in the process and provide an empirical basis for the prediction and control of changes after sleep deprivation of individual psychological processing. Research methods: the research methods of this study included three parts: Research on sleep deprivation on emotional stimuli and emotional stimuli influence the attention distribution evaluation. The three part of this study adopts randomized controlled design. All of the participants were through the campus posters, WeChat public platform for recruitment; will meet the inclusion criteria of the subjects were randomly divided into sleep deprivation group and control group, sleep deprivation group for a night sleep deprivation (PM - am 10:30 6:30 the next day), normal sleep group of normal sleep. The next day, according to the tasks corresponding to the requirements. The first part, through Comparing the two groups of subjects in the dot probe task and performance differences in visual search tasks in the study of sleep deprivation on emotional stimuli influences the allocation of attention; the second part, by differences in task performance in rapid serial visual comparison of the two groups, effects of sleep deprivation on emotional stimulation time influences the allocation of attention; the third part. The difference between the two groups results in subjective assessment of emotional stimuli in the task of investigation of the effects of sleep deprivation on emotional stimuli. Evaluation results of the 1. subjects of the two groups were smaller than the opposite side ipsilateral under the condition of reaction in the detection point and emotional picture case, but between two groups of subjects were not significantly different 2.; in the visual search task, subjects of the two groups of snake search target stimulus faster than search target stimulus spending rate, but between two groups had no significant difference; 3. is currently in rapid serial visual service, and Normal sleep group, sleep deprivation group in the overall awareness of the overall decline in attention (P0.01), when T1 is angry, the correct rate of T2 is lower than that of the normal sleep group (P0.05), sleep deprivation group showed a threat to relieve the difficulty of emotional face attention; 4. in emotional stimuli subjective assessment tasks, sleep deprivation on positive and negative emotional pictures were not significant, but the neutral pictures have negative valence score bias, sleep deprivation on neutral pictures valence score before, after the test was statistically significant (p0.001), and the normal sleep group before and after the test showed no significant difference (p=0.12). Conclusion 1. sleep deprivation affects the individual emotional attention distribution. After sleep deprivation, the subjects in the case of the overall decline in attention alertness, will pay attention to the priority assigned to negative stimuli, and showed attentional disengagement to negative stimuli; 2. sleep deprivation After sleep deprivation, the individual tends to make a negative assessment of the irritation of the emotional color, and the negative bias in the process of evaluation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：B842

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本文編號(hào)：1510500