本文關(guān)鍵詞： 庫(kù)恩 范式 心理學(xué)史 批判與超越　出處：《哈爾濱理工大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)代心理學(xué)是以自然科學(xué)的研究形式而誕生的，在誕生之初就已充滿著心理學(xué)科學(xué)主義研究取向與心理學(xué)的人文主義研究取向之爭(zhēng)。這就導(dǎo)致了心理學(xué)內(nèi)部的學(xué)派林立，理論分歧眾多，這種分裂并不是存在于心理學(xué)發(fā)展史的某一時(shí)刻，而是伴隨著整個(gè)心理學(xué)的發(fā)展史。 許多科學(xué)主義取向心理學(xué)家們洞察到這種危機(jī)，為了使心理學(xué)成為一門完整、系統(tǒng)的自然科學(xué)，同時(shí)也證明其合法性，不得不訴諸于哲學(xué)。庫(kù)恩的《科學(xué)革命的結(jié)構(gòu)》應(yīng)勢(shì)而出，對(duì)整個(gè)科學(xué)哲學(xué)界、自然科學(xué)和社會(huì)科學(xué)都產(chǎn)生了重大影響。庫(kù)恩的范式理論為心理學(xué)家們提供了解釋心理學(xué)自然科學(xué)性質(zhì)的模型，許多學(xué)者在未充分了解范式本質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上，斷然肯定心理學(xué)發(fā)生了科學(xué)的革命，并賦予其自然科學(xué)的地位。本研究在充分剖析心理學(xué)范式革命論的基礎(chǔ)上，否定了心理學(xué)曾經(jīng)發(fā)生過(guò)庫(kù)恩意義上的范式革命，在肯定范式理論對(duì)心理學(xué)的積極意義的基礎(chǔ)上，分析了幾種試圖超越范式理論的嘗試，并提出新的超越范式論心理學(xué)史觀的觀點(diǎn)，即首先應(yīng)明確心理學(xué)所要研究的對(duì)象——意識(shí)，意識(shí)研究與自然科學(xué)研究物理世界的區(qū)別又是什么；其次，提出心理學(xué)應(yīng)以元理論的建設(shè)為基礎(chǔ)，明確心理學(xué)的學(xué)科性質(zhì)及其方法論的建設(shè)；最后，討論心理學(xué)研究應(yīng)按照其內(nèi)在本性以問(wèn)題為中心開(kāi)展研究，而不是以方法為中心，，這樣才有可能達(dá)到心理學(xué)的理論同一性。
[Abstract]:Modern psychology was born in the form of natural science, and it was full of controversy between the scientific research orientation of psychology and the humanism research orientation of psychology at the beginning of its birth. There are many theoretical divergences, which do not exist at a certain time in the history of psychological development, but accompany the whole history of the development of psychology. Many scientism psychologists have insight into this crisis, in order to make psychology a complete, systematic natural science, and also to prove its legitimacy. Had to resort to philosophy. Kuhn's the structure of the Scientific Revolution came out of the world of science philosophy, Both natural and social sciences have had a significant impact. Kuhn's paradigm theory provides psychologists with a model to explain the nature of the natural sciences of psychology, and many scholars have not fully understood the nature of the paradigm. This study, on the basis of fully analyzing the theory of revolution in psychology paradigm, denies that the paradigm revolution in the sense of Kuhn has taken place in psychology. On the basis of affirming the positive significance of paradigm theory to psychology, this paper analyzes several attempts to transcend paradigm theory, and puts forward a new viewpoint of transcendental paradigm theory of psychological history. What is the difference between the study of consciousness and the study of the physical world by natural science? secondly, it is proposed that psychology should be based on the construction of meta-theory to clarify the nature of psychology and the construction of its methodology. In order to achieve the theoretical identity of psychology, the study of psychology should be carried out according to its intrinsic nature and should be problem-centered rather than method-centered.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B84-09

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