本文關(guān)鍵詞： 初級視皮層 漢字閱讀 視網(wǎng)膜皮質(zhì)拓撲映射 神經(jīng)元群感受野 視知覺學習　出處：《華東師范大學》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：認知神經(jīng)科學研究發(fā)現(xiàn),法語和英語母語閱讀者的左側(cè)初級視皮層對其母語文字會有選擇性的反應(yīng),而且激活位置與日常閱讀中文字呈現(xiàn)的視野位置相對應(yīng)。這種特異性產(chǎn)生的機制是可能是視知覺學習,即文字持續(xù)刺激閱讀所偏向的視野,造成了相應(yīng)皮層區(qū)域的知覺學習。由于閱讀從左往右水平書寫的現(xiàn)代漢語時,視知覺廣度偏向視野的右側(cè)水平子午線,我們根據(jù)視網(wǎng)膜與皮質(zhì)之間的映射關(guān)系推測：長期的漢字閱讀經(jīng)驗會改變漢語母語者的左側(cè)初級視皮層,尤其是其中表征視野右側(cè)水平子午線的皮層功能甚至結(jié)構(gòu)。但是考慮到漢字相對于字母文字的復(fù)雜性與特殊性,漢字閱讀可能也需要右側(cè)V1及相對較高級視覺區(qū)域的參與。為了研究上述問題,本研究借助功能磁共振成像及神經(jīng)元群感受野分析技術(shù)(population receptive field, pRF),精確地定位了熟練的漢語閱讀者的早期視皮層(V1、V2和V3)及其他感興趣區(qū),并分析了它們的感受野和表面積。統(tǒng)計結(jié)果顯示,左腹側(cè)V3的皮層表面積和感受野顯著大于右腹側(cè)V3,而且左腹側(cè)V3的感受野大小與被試的漢字閱讀成績呈顯著正相關(guān)。此外,垂直子午線的感受野顯著大于水平子午線。而包括V1在內(nèi)的其他感興趣區(qū)的表面積和感受野大小在左右腦之間均不存在顯著差異。這表明雙側(cè)V1和左腹側(cè)V3都參與了漢字閱讀加工。漢字與字母文字在早期視皮層偏側(cè)化模式上的差異說明,文字閱讀具體征用哪些視覺區(qū)域取決于文字系統(tǒng)的特征及其視覺加工的要求。
[Abstract]:Cognitive neuroscience studies have found that the left primary visual cortex of French and English native speakers responds selectively to their native language. Moreover, the activation position corresponds to the visual field position of the text in daily reading. This specific mechanism may be visual perceptual learning, that is, the visual field biased by the text continuous stimulation of reading. As a result of reading from left to right level writing modern Chinese visual perception breadth deviates to the right horizontal meridian of the field of vision. According to the mapping relationship between retina and cortex, we speculate that long-term Chinese character reading experience will change the left primary visual cortex of native Chinese speakers. In particular, the cortical function and structure of the horizontal meridian on the right side of the visual field are represented, but the complexity and particularity of Chinese characters relative to alphabetic characters are considered. Chinese character reading may also require the participation of the right V1 and the relatively advanced visual regions. In this study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and neuronal group receptive field analysis were used to study the population receptive field (pRFs). The early visual cortex (V1, V2 and V3) and other regions of interest of the skilled Chinese readers were accurately located, and their receptive fields and surface areas were analyzed. The cortical surface area and receptive field of left ventral V3 were significantly larger than that of right ventral V3, and the size of left ventral V3 was positively correlated with the reading scores of Chinese characters. The receptive field of vertical meridian is significantly larger than that of horizontal meridian, while the surface area and the size of receptive field in other regions of interest, including V1, have no significant difference between the left and right brain. This indicates that bilateral V1 and left ventral V. The differences between Chinese characters and alphabetic characters in the early visual cortex lateralization model were all involved in the processing of Chinese characters. Which visual areas are requisitioned by text reading depends on the characteristics of the character system and the requirements of visual processing.
【學位授予單位】：華東師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842

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