本文關(guān)鍵詞：權(quán)力刻板印象對特質(zhì)推理的影響　出處：《山東師范大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 權(quán)力刻板印象 行為內(nèi)容 行為效價 有意圖特質(zhì)推理 自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理

【摘要】：人類生活在高度社會性的環(huán)境當(dāng)中,理解他人行為的意義對個體在這種環(huán)境中的生存和生活至關(guān)重要。對他人行為進行特質(zhì)推理是個體理解他人行為意義的重要方式之一,它增加了個體預(yù)測他人行為的能力,并指導(dǎo)個體在日常生活中與他人的交流合作。根據(jù)個體知覺者在特質(zhì)推理過程中是否有目的、有意識地參與,特質(zhì)推理可以分為有意圖與自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理。特質(zhì)推理的發(fā)生雖然具有一定的普遍性,但是其發(fā)生并不是必然的,其發(fā)生受一系列因素的影響。已有研究表明,社會刻板對個體的特質(zhì)推理有一定的影響,與社會刻板不一致的信息促進個體的有意圖特質(zhì)推理而阻礙個體的自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理。Fiske等人(2002)提出社會刻板印象內(nèi)容模型(SCM)用熱情和能力來解釋刻板印象�；谏鐣贪逵∠髢删S度模型的研究發(fā)現(xiàn),人們對高權(quán)力者存在高能力低熱情、對低權(quán)力者存在低能力高熱情的刻板印象。對高低權(quán)力者的刻板印象是否會影響人們的特質(zhì)推理這一問題,目前尚缺乏研究。此外,熱情與能力的效價及熱情優(yōu)先效應(yīng)亦會影響特質(zhì)推理的發(fā)生。有研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)有意圖特質(zhì)推理存在著積極效應(yīng),而自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理則存在著消極效應(yīng);社會認知存在熱情優(yōu)先。鑒于熱情優(yōu)先,刻板印象,行為效價共同影響特質(zhì)推理的發(fā)生,本研究擬綜合考察這三方面因素對特質(zhì)推理的影響。綜上所訴,在較為全面地梳理相關(guān)研究基礎(chǔ)之上,本研究擬考察權(quán)力刻板印象對有意圖特質(zhì)推理和自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理的影響。研究一使用內(nèi)隱聯(lián)想測驗分別在熱情和能力維度考察人們的內(nèi)隱權(quán)力刻板印象。研究二使用探測詞適宜性范式考察權(quán)力刻板印象對有意圖特質(zhì)推理的影響。研究三使用探測詞再認范式考察權(quán)力刻板印象對自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理的影響。本研究結(jié)論如下:1人們對不同權(quán)力群體存在混合的內(nèi)隱權(quán)力刻板印象,人們對高權(quán)力者存在高能力低熱情的刻板印象,對低權(quán)力者存在低能力高熱情的刻板印象。2有意圖和自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理中均存在熱情優(yōu)先效應(yīng)。相對于隱含能力特質(zhì)行為,人們對隱含熱情特質(zhì)行為的有意圖與自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理強度更強。3行為效價對有意圖特質(zhì)推理和自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理均有影響,但具體影響不同。有意圖特質(zhì)推理存在積極效應(yīng),即個體對積極行為的有意圖特質(zhì)推理的強度高于對消極行為的有意圖特質(zhì)推理;而自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理存在消極效應(yīng),即個體對消極行為的自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理的強度高于對積極行為的自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理。4權(quán)力刻板印象對有意圖特質(zhì)推理和自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理有相似的影響,個體對與權(quán)力刻板印象一致行為的有意圖與自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理強度高于對權(quán)力刻板不一致行為的有意圖與自發(fā)特質(zhì)推理。
[Abstract]:Human beings live in a highly social environment. Understanding the meaning of others' behavior is very important to the survival and life of individuals in this environment, and it is one of the important ways for individuals to understand the meaning of others' behavior. It increases the ability of individuals to predict the behavior of others and guides individuals to communicate and cooperate with others in daily life. Trait reasoning can be divided into intentional and spontaneous idiosyncratic reasoning. Although the occurrence of idiosyncratic reasoning is universal, its occurrence is not inevitable, and its occurrence is influenced by a series of factors. Social stereotypes have a certain impact on individual trait reasoning. Information inconsistent with social stereotypes promotes individual intentional trait reasoning and hinders individual spontaneous trait reasoning. Fiske et al. (2002) proposed a social stereotype content model (SCM). To explain stereotype with enthusiasm and ability. People have high ability and low enthusiasm for the high power, low ability and high enthusiasm for the low power, and whether the stereotype of the high and low power will affect people's trait reasoning. In addition, the titer of enthusiasm and ability and the effect of enthusiasm priority also affect the occurrence of trait reasoning. Some researchers have found that there is a positive effect in intentional trait reasoning. Spontaneous trait reasoning has negative effects. There is enthusiasm priority in social cognition. In view of the influence of enthusiasm preference, stereotype and behavior titer on trait reasoning, this study intends to investigate the effects of these three factors on trait reasoning. On the basis of a more comprehensive combing of relevant research. This study is intended to examine the influence of power stereotypes on intentional trait reasoning and spontaneous trait reasoning. Study 1 uses implicit association tests to examine implicit power stereotypes in the dimensions of enthusiasm and ability. The influence of power stereotype on intentional trait reasoning was investigated by using probe word appropriateness paradigm. Third, the influence of power stereotype on spontaneous trait reasoning was investigated by using probe word recognition paradigm. 1people have mixed implicit power stereotype to different power groups. People have the stereotype of high ability and low enthusiasm for high power. The stereotype of low ability and high enthusiasm. 2. There is enthusiasm priority effect in both intention and spontaneous trait reasoning, which is relative to implicit ability trait behavior. The intension of intention and spontaneous trait reasoning of implied warm trait behavior is stronger than that of spontaneous trait reasoning. 3. The effect of behavioral titer on both intentional trait reasoning and spontaneous trait reasoning is significant. But the specific influence is different. There are positive effects in intentional trait reasoning, that is, the intensity of individual intention trait reasoning for positive behavior is higher than that for negative behavior. However, spontaneous trait reasoning has negative effects. That is to say, the intensity of individual spontaneous trait reasoning for negative behavior is higher than that for positive behavior. 4. Power stereotype has similar influence on intentional trait reasoning and spontaneous trait reasoning. The intension and spontaneous trait reasoning intensity of individual behavior consistent with power stereotype is higher than that of power stereotype behavior.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：B842
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本文編號：1422507